Page Comparison

ABP 101 Covenant and Community-An Introduction to the Bible (3 SH)

This course surveys the content and the backgrounds of the Old and New Testaments (the Jewish Bible and the Christian Bible). It explores the themes that are developed through this library of writings, and how they come together to tell a broad story of God's work in the world. It invites students to consider the meaning of the Bible's story for our world.
Core: BR

ABP 260 Questions of Faith and Ethics (3 SH)

This course provides students with conversational space to wrestle with questions of how to live meaningfully. Diverse readings from faith and non-faith perspectives equip students to consider how to pursue a good life and introduce them to some of what makes Anabaptists distinctive. Through lectures, discussions, activities, and small, student-led dialogue groups, students will learn to identify and articulate differences between a range of responses to each question, and develop and argue for their own view in conversation with the readings, their social context, and their own individual experience. This course is recommended for students in their second year, but second-semester first-year students may register for it.

ABP 360

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Good Questions (1 SH)

In this 1 SH practicum course, students lead dialogue groups for ABP 260. Weekly student-led dialogue groups cultivate belonging and intercultural communication in ABP 260. The practicum includes training, creating plans for weekly dialogues, and dialogue leadership. Prerequisite: ABP 260.
Core: CE

ACTG 221 Financial Accounting (3 SH)

A first course in accounting for business majors and minors as well as a useful introduction to accounting principles and practices and to interpreting financial statements for students in all majors. No background in accounting is assumed. The course includes a description and derivation of financial statements prepared by accountants and a discussion of a conceptual framework which provides rationale for accounting practices.

ACTG 222 Managerial Accounting (3 SH)

This course provides a conceptual understanding of the elements of accounting for management planning, budgeting, control and decision-making. Topics include cost behavior, cost systems, CVP analysis, activity-based costing/ management, and capital budgeting. Prerequisite: ACTG 221.

ACTG 321 Intermediate Accounting I (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of the methods of financial accounting. Special emphasis is given to the theoretical basis for accounting. Topics include: time value of money, financial statements, accounting cycle, and accounting for current assets. Prerequisite: ACTG 222 and competency in Excel. (Fall 2023)

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Continuation of ACTG 322. Topics covered are issues related to intangible assets, income tax accounting, accounting for leases, shareholder equity, dilutive securities and an introduction to some advanced accounting topics. Prerequisite: ACTG 322. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

ACTG 432 Advanced Accounting (2 SH)

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This course is the culmination of theory, designed to synchronize concepts learned in the accounting curriculum while incorporating practical application. Taken during the senior year, this course will focus on current issues in accounting and best practices in industry through cases, simulations, research, and community engagement. (Spring 2024)
Core: CI

ACTG 451 Auditing (3 SH)

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Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory and to give accounting majors insight into current policies, procedures and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be done during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for accounting majors. Prerequisite: admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. Application at least one semester in advance.
Core: CE

ACTG 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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A study of cellular architecture, communication, transport, structure, division, growth and death. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of cancer at the cellular level, and on a quantitative understanding of cellular movements. Students read and report on research articles. Prerequisite: BIOL 240. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

BIOCH 438 Molecular Genetics (3 SH)

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This course uses examples from recent news events as a means of introducing the nature of science and scientific inquiry and the role of science in society, culture, politics, and policy. This course meets for 7 weeks. Offered occasionally
Core: NS

BIOL 112 Human Anatomy and Physiology I (3 SH)

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Basic principles of normal human nutrition with emphasis on energy and the nutrients— their properties, sources, functions and dietary requirements. Current and controversial issues in nutrition are included. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

BIOL 155 Biological Explorations (3 SH)

Introductory course to biological science, with an emphasis on organism adaptations and life cycles (plant and animal, including human). The course also covers the philosophical and methodological foundations of biology, the scientific method, and an introduction to evolutionary biology. The course consists of lectures, interactive workshops, laboratory experiences, and discussions of current science news and issues. If students are taking BIOL 155 as preparation for BIOL 173, they must achieve a B or greater in this course. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

BIOL 161 Food and Population (3 SH)

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Introductory course for biology majors or those interested in the biology major, emphasizing science as a method of learning about life. This course focuses on two biological issues of current interest to society—the impact of invasive species on ecosystems, and the challenge of infectious diseases. Lecture and laboratory experiences use these two issues as a springboard for learning fundamental concepts and methods in biology. In addition, the study of evolutionary biology is interwoven throughout the course, including issues related to the intersection of science and faith. Emphasis is placed on applying the scientific method, using instrumentation and basic laboratory skills for experimentation, writing scientific reports, and using computers for data analysis and presentation. This course is required for students continuing in the biology major. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. Corequisite: BIOL 174.
Core: NS

BIOL 174 Concepts in Biology Seminar (1 SH)

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Experiential community learning in areas related to future vocation is coordinated with classroom instruction and reflection. Assigned shadowing or interactive experiences require 25-30 hours/semester outside of class. Typical experiences may involve hospitals, biomedical organizations, clinics, health departments, or life science education. Prerequisite: satisfactory completion of at least two biology courses and instructor permission.
Core: CE

BIOL 220 Science Professions Seminar (1 SH)

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A foundation course in basic ecology and evolutionary biology with an emphasis on adaptations of animal and plants to their environment. The role of natural and sexual selection, species interactions, population dynamics, and landscape and community processes are investigated through a variety of projects, simulations, experiments, and field trips to representative ecosystems. Required for students continuing in the biology major, building on the experimental and investigative skills introduced in BIOL 173. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: WI

BIOL 240 Molecular and Cellular Biology (4 SH)

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This course teaches the bioinformatics skills used in academic and biotech laboratories for analyzing individual DNA and protein sequences. The focus is extensive hands-on experience using mainstream web-based bioinformatics tools. Laboratory based course that addresses biological questions by analyzing sequences, searching databases, using sophisticated software, and interpreting results. Prerequisites: BIOL 240. (Spring 2024)
Core: TI

BIOL 429 Biology Internship (1-3 SH)

This course serves as a practical application of biological principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student’s particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization. Open to junior or senior level general biology track majors only.
Core: CE

BIOL 437 Advanced Human Anatomy (4 SH)

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Survey of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including loss of function studies and the function of sensory receptors and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the role of general neurophysiological principles that affect human behavior. (PSYC 451) (Spring 2024)
Core: NS

BIOL 478 Advanced Neurobiology (3 SH)

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Explores the relationship between science, faith, and the major frameworks of philosophical ethics. Issues such as the evolutionary basis for morality, human nature, environmental ethics, clinical ethics, and bioethics are examined. A "worldview" reflective paper is required. Restricted to students majoring in the biology, chemistry, and biochemistry programs or by instructor permission.
Core: WI

BIOL 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

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Beginning with ways God's revelation is explained, this class follows the story of the Bible from oral tradition to written and copies texts, to collection and canonization, translation, dissemination through mission, and textual study, to modern versions of the Bible. Students also survey approaches to biblical interpretation and reflect on their own stories with the Bible in light of what they have learned about its own story.
Core: BR

BIST 223 Four Portraits of Jesus-Reading the Gospels (3 SH)

Students explore the texts of the four canonical gospels, using narrative, inductive, and comparative approaches to deepen their knowledge of and insight about four ways that early believers told the stories of the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus. Through participation in contemporary community settings, students will reflect on ways that the gospel/good news can be visible in our own contexts. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR, CE

BIST 323 Life and Letters of Apostle Paul (3 SH)

This course surveys Paul's writings, the deutero-Pauline writings, and the account of Paul's life in Acts. It considers central themes in Paul's missiological and theological efforts, and introduces students to methods of biblical exegesis, including learning by peer reviews of each other's interpretational work. Students reflect on Paul's proclamation of the faithfulness of God in Jesus Christ and the faith response of humans to God's work. (Spring 2024)
Core: BR, WI

BIST 341 Old Testament Studies (3 SH)

This course invites students to explore a portion of the Hebrew Bible (e.g., Genesis- Exodus, Jeremiah, Job, Psalms) and provides an introduction to biblical interpretation and exegesis. Drawing on historical study, literary analysis, and dialogue with Jewish and other perspectives, students will develop their understanding of how these Old Testament texts continue to shape Christian faith and practice. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR

BIST 412 Elementary Hebrew (3 SH)

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This course provides an introduction to the principles and practices of management. Management is examined in its major functions: planning, leading, organizing and controlling. Examples from businesses and other organizations are reviewed to understand how these principles apply. Other courses in the curriculum build on the knowledge and understanding developed in this course.
Core: SB

BUAD 301 Quantitative Decision Making (3 SH)

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This course studies the management of human behavior in organizations. Behavioral topics include group dynamics, motivation, communication, ethical leadership, self-managed teams, and sustainability. Management topics include a review of managerial functions, planning and decision-making techniques, and organizational design. This course relies heavily on the case study method and effective communications skills to equip students for managerial and leadership roles. Prerequisite: BUAD 221 or PSYC 221.
Core: WI

BUAD 411 Business Law (3 SH)

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Strategic Leadership in Organizations is a capstone course, intended to draw upon content learned in previous courses, such as management, accounting and finance, and marketing. It is primarily a course in business values and strategy and is designed to teach analytical thinking while understanding concepts of business strategy and competition. Important themes include effective and ethical leadership, sustainable business strategy and the role of organizational values. Prerequisite: Senior standing and departmental admission.
Core: CE

BUAD 465 Project Management (3 SH)

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Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give business administration majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for business administration majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

BUAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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This course addresses basic concepts of chemistry and physics in the context of social, environmental, and political issues. This course will cover topics such as atomic structure and bonding, the physics of energy, chemical reactions in air and water, and the nature of scientific inquiry. Two lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: high school algebra or equivalent and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

CHEM 223 General Chemistry I (4 SH)

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An introduction to concepts in atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial chemistry, pollution, and energy production and consumption. Students and faculty work together with members of the community at large to investigate local environmental issues, and to educate the community about these issues. Laboratory work includes common field sampling and analytical techniques, and statistical analysis of chemical data. Students are expected to design, conduct, and report on experimentation to confirm measurements of environmental analytes using multiple strategies. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE

CHEM 305 Alternative Energy (2 SH)

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Organic chemistry is the study of the relationship between the three-dimensional structure and the reactivity of carbon compounds. The chemical and physical properties of organic compounds will be linked to an understanding of orbital theory, electronegativity, strain, and sterics. Reactions of simple organic compounds will be described in terms of electron movement (mechanisms) and kinetic vs. thermodynamic parameters. The laboratory will emphasize development of purification, isolation, and identification techniques, particularly chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. Three lectures and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

CHEM 316 Organic Chemistry II (4 SH)

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An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Gravimetric and Titrimetric analysis, Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, Advanced GCMS and ion-selective electrodes. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2024) Core: TI

CHEM 345 Analytical Chemistry II (2 SH)

An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Atomic spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy including multi-dimensional analysis and nuclei beyond C and H, HPLC. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2023)
Core: TI

CHEM 405 Thermodynamics (3 SH)

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This course will address the topic of music in congregational life from the perspective of both the pastor and the musician.  Students will study basic historical trends and theological concepts that contribute to the current horizons of music in church life.  Additionally, students will learn the foundational musical concepts needed for success in their vocational area.  Strong emphasis will be placed on the scope and use of various worship and music resources.  To allow for deeper engagement at both the graduate and undergraduate levels, seminary and music department students will be paired in a culminating project for the course. (SMCL 640)
Core: CA

CHMUS 490 Church Music Internship (1-2 SH)

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Do you believe that the average North American youth has experienced hurt and a sense of abandonment by the adult culture? Drawing from Chap Clark's text, Hurt 2.0, we will explore this theory as we become familiar with current issues in North American youth culture. The basics of ministry for working with youth, prevention of sexual abuse, theories of adolescent faith development and self-care for youth workers are also taught. If you have an interest in working with young people in your profession this course is for you. Learning from guest speakers and observation of local youth work will also be a part of this course.
Core: BR

CHST 223 Spiritual Formation, Sacred Pauses (3 SH)

In the midst of a crazy paced world would you like to find some peace? Join us on a journey of Christian spiritual formation where we search for daily spaces that April Yamasaki calls "Sacred Pauses." Using texts by Yamasaki and Foster we will learn to practice twelve spiritual disciplines, such as prayer, simplicity and meditation and we will discern their impact on our inward and outward journeys of faith. A weekly small group experience, a day-long silent retreat, and periodic meetings with a spiritual director are also part of this course.
Core: BR

CHST 234 Mission in a Changing World (3 SH)

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This course is designed to introduce students to the interdisciplinary field of missiology by examining Christian mission, as well as the issues raised by its critics, from various perspectives. These perspectives include biblical foundations of mission, a historical overview of missions, critical reflections on empire and globalization, current issues in mission, practical applications, and personal considerations for intercultural missionaries.
Core: BR, CE

CHST 334 Almost Christian-Youth Ministry In Congregations (3 SH)

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What is the role of a faithful church and its leaders in today's conflicted world? Learn how God is using prophetic voices to provide congregational leadership in these days of church decline. Practice practical skills as you design a worship service, preach a sermon, learn about rituals of congregational life, interact with local church leaders and visit area churches. (Fall 2024)
Core: BR

CHST 435 Martyrs, Merchants, and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

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Would you like to experience the inner workings of a congregation, and test your gifts for ministry? A program of study and supervised field experience in a congregation, church agency or related ministry. Special emphasis is placed on personal development for ministry, developing leadership skills and experiencing the many facets of ministry in the congregation.
Core: CE

CHST 462 Mission Practicum (3 SH)

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Would you like to experience the challenge of hands-on ministry with youth? Participate in a supervised field experience in a congregation, camp or related ministry. The focus of the practicum is to gain first-hand experience working with youth, and to learn leadership skills and to grow in personal development.
Core: CE

CHST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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Organizing, managing, and communicating data is critical in organizations today. Leaders and researchers with sound knowledge of the information contained in their data are better equipped to make strategic decisions and answer the complex questions in their discipline. This course provides a requisite skillset for using spreadsheet applications (Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets) for data analysis and a deeper set of tools for broad information management. This course is relevant to students of any major where data management and statistical analysis is helpful in their field. This course is typically offered fall and spring semesters with a choice of in-person or online/asynchronous, and only online/ asynchronous during the summer term.
Core: QR, TI

CIS 251 Management Information Systems (3 SH)

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Music is one of the most fundamental and powerful forms of human creativity and expression. Through an exploration of classical music, pop music, jazz, rock, rap, world music and more, we will learn to understand the colorful tapestry of musical language across various styles, genres, and eras. In this course, we will feature live performances, watch video, listen to audio, and participate in interactive activities in order to enrich our classroom experience and gain a greater understanding and deeper love for the art of music. (Offered through EMU Lancaster as a 3 SH course, CMUS 114.)
Core: CA

CMUS 120 Music Fundamentals (3 SH)

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World Music is a broad survey course. Through reading, listening, practical experience and discussion, students will acquire a broad understanding of a very expansive field. The course, organized as a tour around the globe, focuses on the unique musical language and expression, the cultural context, and the global significance for each country visited on this ‘tour’. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

CMUS 202 Topics in Music-Folk-Rock to Hip-Hop (2 SH)

From its earliest beginnings in the blues and Tin Pan Alley, all the way up to today's most current artists, American popular music has played a vital role in shaping the cultural landscape of the United States and the world. This course will survey the rich history of American popular music from a cultural, technological, and sociological perspective and explore its various influences. Students will learn elementary music concepts and skills through interactive engagement and will examine the characteristics of various musical styles including country, folk, rock, pop, R&B, rap and more. Through a hands-on exploration of music by artists such as The Beatles, Jimi Hendrix, Beyonce, Tupac Shakur, Harry Styles, Chris Stapleton, and many more, this course provides a foundation for understanding the full and dynamic tapestry of music that continues to impact and shape generations. 
Core: CA

CMUS 203 Topics in Music-Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (2 SH)

In just fifteen years, the Marvel Cinematic Universe has grown to encompass thirty-one films and eight television series, with original scores and soundtracks by over twenty composers. This course will introduce students to the world of film music through the lens of the MCU. Topics covered will include film music history, leitmotifs and character themes, motivic development, orchestration and instrumentation, symphonic world-building, and the compositional process for film music. Discussion of Marvel Comics – their history and social themes – will also be considered. No prior knowledge of music or film history is necessary. (HONRS 311)
Core: CA

CMUS 204 Topics in Music-Introduction to Music Technology (2 SH)

The Music Technology course will allow students to discover and explore introductory concepts used in music sequencing, notation, and recording. This course will provide a detailed explanation of computer music production. Students will develop skills in loop and MIDI production, sampling, digital audio generation, audio recording, editing, and mixing through class instruction and hands-on learning with Ableton Live and Audacity software. No prior experience in music is necessary. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA, TI

CMUS 250 Music History I (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Middle Ages to the Classical Era, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required.
Core: WI

CMUS 260 Music History II (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Classical Era to the present, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required.
Core: WI

CMUS 281 Music Theory II (3 SH)

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Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music related fields according to their areas of interest.
Core: CE

CMUS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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A lab-based course designed to tour the modern world of computing, this course introduces the major areas of computer science, including data representation, computer hardware, programming languages, algorithms, operating systems, computer networks, and ethics in computing.
Core: TI

CS 145 Introduction to Programming (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the basic concepts of programming, problem-solving, and design techniques using the object-oriented language Python.
Core: TI

CS 155 Programming in Python (2 SH)

Students will apply basic programming concepts with more extensive programs and create a final project of the student's choice in Python. Prerequisite: CS 145 or other programming experience.
Core: TI

CS 245 Programming in Java (2 SH)

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An overview of the management and maintenance of organizational computing infrastructure including hardware, operating system, network, database and application software. Topics include installation, configuration, routine maintenance tasks, client/server application management, automation, and user support. Prerequisite: CE 165 and CS 265. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

CS 445 Analysis of Algorithms (2 SH)

A more in-depth look at algorithms including dynamic programming, network flow, and an exploration of NP completeness. Prerequisites: CS 355. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

CS 455 Programming Languages (2 SH)

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Rapid advances in digital sensors, networks, storage, and computation, along with their availability at low cost, are leading to the creation of large data sets. This course provides an introduction to the definitions, principles, and defacto standard and industrial frameworks for handling these large datas. Among the multitude of software platforms, the course will utilize Hadoop, Spark, Pig, and ROOT, and will interact with Python and C++ programming to resolve practical problems and experiment with data-analysis algorithms. (Fall 2023)
Core: CI

CS 475 Capstone Project (2 SH)

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Work experience gives students an opportunity to gain valuable practical experience. Consulting with the faculty advisor guides them in integrating theory and practice to maximize learning. Travel and other expenses are the student's responsibility. Internship opportunities are available through EMU's Washington Community Scholars' Center and organizations in the Harrisonburg area. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisite: junior or senior status.
Core: CE

CS 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

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An introductory economics course to help students understand economic policy and how/ why goods and services are produced, distributed, and consumed. In addition to learning the tools and methods of economic analysis, this course examines the mechanisms, controls, and limits of economic activity in society and the interplay between markets, governments, and nature. Economics is a field and discipline (like sociology or psychology) that tries to explain why people, governments and countries do what they do; consequently, it is an important part of a liberal arts education. This is an introductory economics course for non-economics majors. This course is typically taught in-person during fall semesters and online/asynchronous during the summer term.
Core: SB

ECON 211 Principles of Microeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to the forces affecting the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services by households and businesses and their interaction with government. It also examines the strengths and limitations of the market system.
Core: SB

ECON 212 Principles of Macroeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to economics as a way of thinking with a focus on understanding how the economy as a whole functions. Major topics include economic growth, unemployment, and inflation in a mixed market system.
Core: SB

ECON 300 Environmental and Ecological Economics (3 SH)

Students will study many of the "gifts of nature" and how these scarce resources are used, and sometimes abused, by human activity. Students will review a wide variety of topics, primarily through the lens of economic analysis, learning the methods and tools necessary to measure resource flow and value. Most ecological issues, however, are inherently interdisciplinary; therefore social, political, scientific, moral, and theological perspectives will also be part of integrated learning. Integrated throughout the course will be filters to discover how markets allocate natural resources, why and how governments intervene in markets on environmental grounds, the appropriateness and effectiveness of public policies in this area, and testing knowledge and learning against benchmarks of overall and global sustainability. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

ECON 311 Contemporary Economic Issues (3 SH)

This course examines the economic aspects of contemporary and controversial issues with social, political, and/or environmental implications. Topics may include deficits and debt, social security, the environment and energy policy, and healthcare, among others. Students will use economic theory, tools, and empirical analysis to identify, compare, and debate policy options that address the many dimensions of these issues while they also refine their own positions and arguments. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

ECON 331 History of Economic Thought (3 SH)

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An investigation into the choices of low-income countries that seek development and growth. Explores theories of development and underdevelopment. Tools of economic analysis are applied to development issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212.
Core: WI

ECON 411 International Economics (3 SH)

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Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give economics majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for economics majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

ECON 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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An exploratory course designed to provide the student a means for self-assessment as a potential teacher. Learning activities include active engagement, participation in school settings, and pedagogies centered on an ethic of care, restorative justice in education, constructivism, reflective practice, and expanding literacies for the 21^st century. (A 20 hr practicum is included.) (1 SH content; 1SH practicum)
Core: CE

ED 221 Professional Field Experience (Early Childhood) (2 SH)

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Surveys elementary school curriculum with an emphasis on the priorities and developmentally appropriate instructional practices of early childhood educators. Introduces the critical skills of daily, weekly, and long-term lesson planning, the integration of the arts into the core curricula, and the importance of school/home/community relationships. Includes a 20-hour practicum in a pre-school setting. Prerequisite or corequisite: ED 101. (3 SH content; 1 SH practicum)
Core: WI

ED 245 Learning and Classroom Environments (3 SH)

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A 40-hour professional field experience that focuses on observations and participatory experiences in grades 6-12. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Corequisite: ED 245.
Core: CE

ED 275 Instructional Technology and Assessment (3 SH)

Addresses the design and implementation of technology-enhanced instruction, and the application of technology to assess and monitor learner performance. Topics include principles and practices of effective assessment, the relationship between instruction and assessment, grading systems and practices, and using assessment data to improve instruction and learner performance. Education majors only.
Core: TI

ED 301 Needs of Diverse Learners (3 SH)

Addresses teaching learners with diverse and special needs. Explores student diversity, including, but not limited to, cultural, racial, linguistic, socio-economic, and dis/ability characteristics. Focuses on integrated settings, universal design for learning, differentiation, and collaboration. Pre or corequisite: ED 331, 332, 333 or ED 351.

ED 331 Math in Elementary School (2 SH)

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Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Introduces methods of teaching mathematics in grades K-6 with significant attention to planning, instruction and assessment activities which are responsive to the needs of diverse learners. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Participants will be involved in exploration, development and practical applications of inquiry, discovery, directed teaching, use of manipulatives, and other activities designed to prepare them for teaching mathematics in elementary schools. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

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This course explores the research- and evidence-based elements of phonological awareness, phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, orthography and vocabulary development, comprehension, and writing in literacy instruction. Students utilize various assessment tools to assess literacy development and to design appropriate literacy instruction for diverse learners. Students assess one child’s literacy development to plan and implement appropriate tutoring instruction, including communication with caregivers. Includes a 20-hour practicum in an elementary tutoring setting. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education. 
Core:  CE

ED 343 Content Area Reading and Writing (2 SH)

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Examines issues facing American education today. Utilizing a framework that reflects on the historical, philosophical, and sociological foundations, students analyze, synthesize and evaluate issues underlying the role, development, and organization of public education in the United States. Topics include the legal status of teachers and students, professionalism and ethical standards, governance of schools, state assessment and accountability systems, including legal and ethical aspects of assessment. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education.
Core: WI

ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar (1 SH)

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Exploring a mix of older and recent novels and short stories, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from fiction. (Fall 2023)
Core: LI

ENGL 250 Reading Poetry (2 SH)

Focusing mainly on the work of contemporary poets, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from poetry. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 261 Global Literatures 1: Gods and Monsters

In this survey course spanning some of the earliest written documents to those published in the early 1600s, students will encounter thinkers who anticipated many of our own questions about meaning and our place in the universe. Who, if Anyone, created us, and what are our resulting obligations? How do we live in relation to our past? Where are we going, literally and metaphorically? Readings will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but texts may include The Epic of Gilgamesh, the book of Job, the Odyssey, Antigone, Paul’s letter to the church at Rome, The Ramayana, The Canterbury Tales, The Arabian Nights, Journey to the West, Lazarillo de Tormes, and King Lear. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2023, Spring 2025)
Core: LI

ENGL 262 Global Literatures 2: Freedom and Loss

Featuring literature published between 1600 and 1850, this second in a series of global literature courses also functions as a stand-alone offering and considers readings associated with political revolution, freedom, grief and loss, exploration, enlightenment, and colonialism. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative texts include The Aztec-Spanish Dialogues, The Tempest, The Ausbund, Paradise Lost, and The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano; selected poetry by Matsuo Basho, Phillis Wheatley, William Wordsworth, and John Keats; and novels such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 263 Global Literatures 3: Intimacy and Independence

As the global literature sequence’s third offering or a course to be taken on its own, “Intimacy and Independence” focuses on select works of literature published between 1850 and the present that explore the precarious balance between personal autonomy and fruitful relationship. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative writers include Emily Dickinson, Walt Whitman, Fyodor Dostovsky, Leo Tolstoy, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Ella Carla Deloria, Pablo Neruda, Lorraine Hansberry, Miriama Ba, and Uwem Akpan. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 290-295 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These general interest courses may focus on work by a particular author or set of authors, a particular genre such as  drama or the short story, or important issues in critical theory.
Core: LI

ENGL 290 Topics in English-Recovery and Resilience (2 SH)

This seven-week course focusing on themes of recovery and resilience will help students establish and refine skills in reading, analyzing, and applying insights from fiction. In one of each week's two seventy-five-minute class meetings, students will discuss selected short stories by contemporary writer Ron Rash with residents of an addiction recovery program. In the second weekly class, students will gather in a more conventional classroom setting to engage Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment. Graded assignments will include a reading and community-learning reflection journal, two short explication essays, and a final exam. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 312 Ecology and Science Fiction (3 SH)

How do utopic and dystopic visions of the future of our planet affect the way we live in the world? How do these narratives shape our approach to environmental problems today? (Fall 2023)
Core: LI

ENGL 315 Global Conflicts, Global Novels (3 SH)

In this class, students will read five novels about five different regional conflicts happening in the world today, roughly one from each continent. The goal of the course will be to explore how far the arts of novel-writing and novel-reading overlap with the arts of conflict transformation. (Spring 2025) 
Core: LI

ENGL 344 Ways of War and Peace (3 SH)

This course examines the tensions conflicting allegiances to faith and country may pose by focusing on literature from World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam conflict. A survey of Catholic, Protestant, and Anabaptist theological approaches to peacemaking will provide a framework for the course. In addition to keeping reading response journals and delivering oral presentations, each student will prepare transcribed oral histories with a military veteran or conscientious objector. (Fall 2023)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 346 Rooms of Their Own (3 SH)

This course considers a selection of British literary works through the lens of Virginia Woolf's cultural critique in A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas. As we apply that critique to her own fiction as well as texts by her foremothers Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte and contemporaries H.D. and Dorothy L. Sayers, we will consider the degree to which her diagnosis remains relevant today, particularly within an Anabaptist Christian perspective. The course also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. (Spring 2025) 
Core: LI

ENGL 348 American Manhood (3 SH)

This course explores conceptions of manhood in US literature since the nation's establishment, featuring texts by writers of diverse ethnic backgrounds, including Thomas Jefferson, Samson Occom, Frederick Douglass, Langston Hughes, Lorraine Hansberry, Khaled Hosseini, Gene Luen Yang, and Martin Espada. It also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. A community-learning (CL) designate course, "American Manhood" challenges students to be involved in community settings that relate to course subject matter. Expectations include engagement in critical analysis of community issues and synthesis of classroom-based knowledge and personal experience. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 350 Children's Literature (3 SH)

This course explores all types of literature for children. The characteristics and history of various types of literature are studied, along with strategies for involving children in every genre. Special attention is given to the study of multiethnic literature. Open to sophomores and above.
Core: LI

ENGL 355 Young Adult Literature (3 SH)

This course concentrates on literature written for and by young adult (YA) readers. While relying on works typically classified as young adult literature, the course will also look at literary "classics" found within the curriculum for middle, junior, and senior high classrooms. Students will explore YA literature in different genres addressing current issues for young adults. Models of literary criticism employed within the study of these works will center on reader response theory. Open to sophomores and above. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 361 Global Lit Intensive 1: Gods and Monsters

In this survey course spanning some of the earliest written documents to those published in the early 1600s, students will encounter thinkers who anticipated many of our own questions about meaning and our place in the universe. Who, if Anyone, created us, and what are our resulting obligations? How do we live in relation to our past? Where are we going, literally and metaphorically? Readings will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but texts may include The Epic of Gilgamesh, the book of Job, the Odyssey, Antigone, Paul’s letter to the church at Rome, The Ramayana, The Canterbury Tales, The Arabian Nights, Journey to the West, Lazarillo de Tormes, and King Lear. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2023, Spring 2025)
Core: LI

ENGL 362 Global Lit Intensive 2: Freedom and Loss

Featuring literature published between 1600 and 1850, this second in a series of global literature courses also functions as a stand-alone offering and considers readings associated with political revolution, freedom, grief and loss, exploration, enlightenment, and colonialism. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative texts include The Aztec-Spanish Dialogues, The Tempest, The Ausbund, Paradise Lost, and The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano; selected poetry by Matsuo Basho, Phillis Wheatley, William Wordsworth, and John Keats; and novels such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 363 Global Lit Intensive 3: Intimacy and Independence

As the global literature sequence’s third offering or a course to be taken on its own, “Intimacy and Independence” focuses on select works of literature published between 1850 and the present that explore the precarious balance between personal autonomy and fruitful relationship. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative writers include Emily Dickinson, Walt Whitman, Fyodor Dostovsky, Leo Tolstoy, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Ella Carla Deloria, Pablo Neruda, Lorraine Hansberry, Miriama Ba, and Uwem Akpan. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 390-395 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These courses will focus on particularly long or difficult works of literature, work by a particular author or set of authors, or a new, emerging trend in literature or literary studies.
Core: LI

ENGL 390 Topics in Literature-Asian American Poetry (3 SH)

In this literature course, students will focus on the voices of Asian American poets as well as works of Asian and Pacific Islander poets in translation. (Offered occasionally)
Core: LI

ENGL 391 Topics in Literature-Bibliotherapy (2 SH)

This seven-week course will introduce and provide practice in therapeutic reading for clinical settings. Course content will include academic essays on bibliotherapy's principles and best practices as well as appropriate selections in fiction, prose non-fiction, and poetry. The student cohort will meet weekly with the course instructor to discuss readings and the field experiences at the Virginia Mennonite Retirement Community. Graded assignments will include a protocols test, a reflection journal, a class presentation, and mid-course and final reflection essays. (Offered occasionally)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 392 Topics in Literature-The Traumatized U.S. South (3 SH)

Drawing from the work of Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart, Carolyn Yoder has defined historical trauma as “the cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations emanating from massive group trauma.” The effects of historical trauma can last for generations, she explains, “even when the next generation is not told the trauma story, or knows it only in broad outline. A ‘conspiracy of silence’ surrounds events for which grieving and mourning have never taken place” (Trauma Healing 13-14). Literary Treatments of the Traumatized US South will use Yoder’s book as a lens for examining the work of several influential fiction-writers to address our country’s most traumagenic events: mass enslavement and a resulting Civil War. This honors course will follow the graduate seminar model as we explore this question, featuring presentations by and discussion among all participants. Each class member will also write and deliver an eight-page presentation-length paper at the ACE Festival; anyone seeking a writing-intensive course credit may develop that project into a fifteen to twenty-page scholarly article appropriate to submit as a graduate-school admission writing sample. (Offered occasionally)
Core: LI

ENGL 393 Topics in Literature-Ursula K. Le Guin (3 SH)

One of the most celebrated and influential fantasy and science fiction writers of all time, Le Guin taught a generation of readers (and writers) how to pay attention to the boundaries of their imagined worlds and catch, at the same time, what might be happening on the other side. A Wizard of Earthsea (1968) tells the story of a young magician finding his way at wizarding school. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969) tells the story of an ambassador from earth sent to a distant planet of androgynous human beings who for a few days every month naturally change to male or female. The Dispossessed (1974) tells the story of another earth-like planet imperfectly but peacefully organized by anarachic principles. We’ll read these three novels by Le Guin, some of her essays and short stories, watch a recent documentary of her life, and listen to a few interviews with Le Guin and people inspired by her work. Graded assignments will include a five-page creative nonfiction essay. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 470 English Internship (1-3 SH)

The professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis. 
Core: CE

ENGL 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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An introduction to the design process of an engineering project. The focus will be on different design aspects of an engineering project: defining the design problem, developing a project statement, generating and evaluating ideas and specifications, leading and managing the process, and communicating the outcomes. The design emphasis facilitates students' development of creative and innovation skills, utilizes state-of-the-art technologies, and allows them to experience fields of engineering such as mechanical, electrical, computer, environmental, etc.
Core: TI

ENGR 156 Math for Engineering Lab (2 SH)

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This course focuses on the concepts and practice of ethics in engineering, computer science, and technological contexts, often through the lens of real-world case studies. Topics include professional codes of ethics, broader ethical theories, impact analysis, the environment, privacy, risk, and other current issues. The interplay among faith, career, and engineering will also be explored in detail. Modes of writing will include both personal reflection and technical analysis. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

ENGR 330-335 Topics in Engineering (2-4 SH)

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This course provides a platform for senior students to work on extensive, year-long, team projects under the guidance of engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: ENGR 490.
Core: CI

ENGR 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

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An introductory course on topics pertaining to planet Earth, with an emphasis on minerals, rocks, and geological features. Included are the forces that have shaped our planet throughout time, as well as geological hazards. Attention is given to modern science, samples, and case studies to describe these processes. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

ENVS 145 Environmental Science (2 SH)

Survey of the human impact on natural and cultural ecosystems, including the processes by which the scientific data are collected and analyzed and theories describing our environmental impact formed. Focuses on problems associated with human population growth; the use of energy and other natural resources; and water, air and solid-waste pollution. Also presents interdisciplinary techniques for investigating and solving some of these problems. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

ENVS 181 Environmental Science (3 SH)

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This course introduces Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with an emphasis on their role in environmental and conservation practices. Students first learn basic GIS skills in ESRI's ArcGIS 10.3 software and then conduct an independent research project using GIS techniques. Projects may include but are not limited to local natural resource or landscape issues. Independent projects require an oral and poster presentation. Required for students in the environmental science track of the environmental sustainability major. (Spring 2024)
Core: TI

ENVS 225 Communication and the Environment (3 SH)

This course will integrate  the science and communication of environmental sustainability. Students will explain the significance of environmental sustainability and the interconnectedness between the natural world and human thriving by demonstrating effective communication skills to a specific audience for a specific purpose.  Students will understand how science works, review how it is interpreted in popular science and advocacy, and in turn create their own visual and written media and oral communication about sustainability. The course will be capped at 24. (Spring 2024)
Core: Communication Foundations

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This course explores questions of sustainability in global food systems. Agricultural, food transportation, food storage, and food processing and production systems are compared with regard to energy-use relative to nutrient-production efficiency, as well as social, cultural and economic sustainability aspects of food systems including international food commodity trade and food trade policy, food islands, farm-to-table restaurants, and small local organic production. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core Natural Science designate. Prerequisite: BIOL 173, SOC 245 or instructor approval. (Fall 2023)
Core: NS

ENVS 325 Environmental Ethics (2 SH)

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This course serves as a practical application of environmental principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student's particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization (e.g. environmental consulting firm, government agencies, conservation organization, agricultural research center or farm utilizing alternative/sustainable methods). Open to junior or senior level environmental science majors only.
Core: CE

ENVS 430 Environmental Sustainability Capstone (2 SH)

An integrative capstone for all majors in environmental sustainability. A cohort of students apply their learning in the areas of natural sciences and social sciences to an environmental issue that has multidisciplinary components. Processing and reflection occur through weekly meetings with faculty and peers. Students write a substantial thesis centered on the environmental issue chosen. Seniors from related majors may participate with permission of instructor.
Core: WI

ENVS 465 Topics in Advanced Ecology (2 SH)

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Introductory to advanced levels, students will learn about personal investing within the broad context of personal finance and stewardship of money resources. Students with little to no background will start with the basics, while more advanced students work independently on instructor-guided projects at their unique level of understanding and interest. This course may be taken up to two times for credit, and more with audit. While this course is open to students of all majors and levels, it is especially encouraged for juniors and seniors as participation for their next phase of life and career. 
Core: QR, TI

FIN 440 Financial Management (3 SH)

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Work experience designed to integrate theory and practice and expose students to the work and purpose of finance. Frequent consultation with - and assignments to - the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken any term, including summer. Grading is pass/fail. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, admission to the program (except non-program students pursuing the Finance career concentration), and a program GPA of at least 2.70. The Internship Coordinator must approve internships before they commence.
Core: CE

GEOG 231 Cultural Geography (3 SH)

A study of the spatial aspects of culture with a focus on cultural characteristics, demographics, migration, landscape analysis, economic development, political geography, and urban and rural land uses. Includes the use of maps and an introduction to geospatial technologies. 
Core: HI

GS 101 Introduction to Global Studies (2 SH)

This course prepares students to think critically and reflectively about issues of globalization, take a global view of contemporary issues across states, societies, and cultures, and consider their own place in a global context. Significant attention is given to peacebuilding and to social, political, economic, and ecological justice explored within the larger context of globalization.
Core: SB

HCML 101 International Class/Disease Coding I (3 SH)

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A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that highlights major events in Virginia history and politics, the American Revolution, the development of the U.S. and Virginia Constitutions, and the role of religion and culture, while providing a general overview of how the U.S. became a nation-state. Topics include: the creation and tragedy of race-based slavery, the emergence of a capitalist economy, the battle for women's rights, and the impact of immigration and urbanization. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills.
Core: HI

HIST 102 U.S. History II-Mechanization and Modernization (1860-1918) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that focuses on the change and tension created by the rapid expansion of industrial innovation and capitalism that drove the mechanization and modernization of America from the Civil War through the Great Depression. Topics include: the Civil War, Reconstruction, Western expansion, Imperialism, Progressivism, race and gender reforms, mass immigration and urbanization, fundamentalism, WWI, and the boom and collapse of the U.S. economy. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills.
Core: HI

HIST 103 U.S. History III-Power and Paradox (1918-present) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that addresses the contradictions and complications of America's rise to global superpower following WWII. Topics include: WWII, consumer culture, suburbanization, the Cold War, Civil Rights, Vietnam, the New World Order, 9/11 and the embrace of and backlash against the expansion of rights, expectations, and what it means to be American. This course is recommended to all students wanting a better general understanding of contemporary American culture, politics, and society. Students may not take both HIST 103 and HIST 132.
Core: HI

HIST 121 Global Past I-Civilization (to 1400) (2 SH)

This course will provide a broad overview of world societies and civilizations and the increasing connection among them from the beginning of human experience to the fifteenth-century. With a "Big History" approach as our background, the course will cover the political, philosophical, and cultural legacies of ancient American, Asian, African, and European civilizations, including the rise of major world religions.
Core: HI

HIST 122 Global Past II-Modernization (post-1400) (2 SH)

This course takes a global history approach that seeks, as much as possible, to avoid a Eurocentric view, even as we explore the effects Western modernization has had on the world. A major focus will be attempting to explain why, how and when the imbalance of wealth and power among regions of the world developed. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182.
Core: HI

HIST 123-126 Global Past III-Comparative Themes (2 SH)

This course will use a comparative, in-depth approach to explore one theme in world history. The learning style will be careful reading of primary and secondary sources, memoirs and/or fiction, processed by class discussion and writing. Occasional lectures and films will provide context. The course schedule will list the specific theme for the semester, such as Epics or Revolutions. Previous background in world history strongly encouraged (such as HIST 121 and/or 122). 
Core: HI

HIST 132 U.S. History II-1865 to Present (3 SH)

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This course will cover a broad overview of the history of the world from circa 1450 to the present by looking at major developments and points of contact between Asia, Latin America, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The main themes will revolve around revolutions and their influence on the fall and rise of empires within a globalizing world. We will examine the appeal and shortcoming of Liberalism, Communism, Fascism, and Islamism, and contemplate the tensions between liberty and order; liberty and equality, individualism and common welfare; and idealism and reality. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182.
Core: HI

HIST 222 African American History (3 SH)

A narrative history of the African American experience, driven by the study of African American literature and culture. Beginning with the development of race-based slavery and ending with current issues of blackness and whiteness, this course will trace the changing history of what it has meant to be "black" in the context of "white" America. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 231 Medieval Europe (3 SH)

A history of Europe from the late Roman Empire to the fifteenth century, with emphasis on the political, social, cultural and economic developments. Events and themes include feudalism, the rise and development of Christendom, art and architecture, church/state tensions, the Crusades, courtly love, monasticism and women. Personalities include kings and queens, popes, knights and women mystics. (Spring 2025)
Core: HI

HIST 251 History of Africa (3 SH)

A general survey of African history from the pre-colonial to contemporary era, addressing religious and cultural shifts across various regions, the impact of Islamic and European colonization, the quest for independence, post-colonialism, and the complications of nationalism and globalization. (Fall 2023)
Core: HI

HIST 312 19th Century America, A Novel History (3 SH)

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A comparative study of how women around the world (organized around themes such as family, economics, politics, and sexuality) have experienced history. Emphasis will be on understanding changing gender roles in light of different historical events and cultures. The course will also provide an opportunity to examine current gender issues and become familiar with gender theory. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 362 Renaissance and Reformation Europe (3 SH)

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This writing intensive course begins with World War II and then marches through the Cold War, suburbanization, the civil rights movements, and the ever-expanding U.S. presence in global issues via the study of multiple cultural texts (novels, films, music, memoirs, etc.). Major themes include radical political movements, Vietnam, Watergate, TV culture, the Religious Right, and current political and social issues. Special attention is paid to U.S. involvement in global activities from the end of the Cold War to the present, with a strong emphasis on what "makes America American." Taking HIST 103 before this course is highly recommended. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

HIST 432 History of the Middle East (3 SH)

A historical survey of the Middle East. The particular focus may vary based on the instructor's expertise. The role of past and present U.S. foreign policies in these countries will be highlighted. (Fall 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 435 Martyrs, Merchants and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

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Designed for upper level history majors who want to explore career options and gain practical experience in fields that pertain to history. Placements include museums, historical societies, libraries, archives, law firms and government offices. Approval from the history department needed one semester in advance. Students take initiative in arranging their own placement. Internship can be completed in the summer. Grading is on a pass/fail basis.
Core: CE

HIST 461 Modern Europe (3 SH)

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This course runs every fall semester and is led by the director of the Honors program and/ or other members of the Honors faculty. It is available to all students entering EMU with an Honors Scholarship and is highly recommended to all students entering the Honors Program as sophomores or as transfer students. The course is designed to investigate the central ideas of various academic disciplines and higher education generally. Together, students and faculty begin to explore and examine the goals of the program spelled out above.

HONRS 310 Honors Colloquium+ (3 SH)

Colloquium courses explore a specific topic chosen by the professor and are designed to be provocative and challenging but accessible to students of any major—no prerequisites are required. These courses run every semester and course topics vary. All EMU students are invited to take these courses, but Honors students in the Honors Program have priority for enrollment.

HONRS 401 Worldview Seminar (2 SH)

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This course is designed for juniors and seniors in the Honors Program. Students work closely with a professor to help form, shape, and guide a class. It is a way for students to provide service to the university and their fellow students, and to develop valuable organizational and leadership skills. These course hours may be applied toward the distributive portion of the Honors Program curriculum and the course may be repeated multiple times. Interested students and professors should contact the Honors director for a syllabus template for the course; they will then jointly modify it to fit their particular needs. The completed syllabus should be submitted to the Honors director and the registrar.
Core: CE

HONRS 451 Honors Capstone (1 SH)

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This team-taught, interdisciplinary course serves as an introduction for several humanities disciplines including history. It is designed to teach students critical, close reading skills for historical and modern media, research and documentation skills, and to expose students to a wide variety of academic methods of scholarly inquiry.
Core: WI

HUM 213 Bach Festival (3 SH)

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A team-taught interdisciplinary seminar that serves as a capstone for many humanities programs, including history, literary studies, and Bible, religion and theology. It provides students an opportunity to complete a long, research-based scholarly project while also exposing students to critical theory and historiography. Graduate school and career paths will also be discussed.
Core: WI

ICSPA 312 Advanced Conversational Spanish I (3 SH)

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This course provides the foundation for intercultural learning and is offered in conjunction with the off-campus programs including semester programs (Option 1), summer 3 or 6-week programs (Option 2) or WCSC semester or summer programs (Option 3).  For additional information on all intercultural offerings, students are encouraged to contact Intercultural Programs.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

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For qualifying students with significant prior intercultural immersion experience. International students, multicultural students and students with previous qualifying cultural experiences reflect on their learning to fulfill the experiential component of the intercultural requirements. Permission must be granted by the Intercultural Programs director to take this course in the second year of study or later.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

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This course provides the foundation for intercultural learning and is offered in conjunction with off-campus programs. Paired with other credits in a 4+ week intercultural seminar.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

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This course is offered on campus during the spring semester and includes a significant experience (at least 40 hours) with a local family or individuals from a different language and culture than that of the student. Requirements also include at least 20 hours in partnership with an Intensive English Program student. For students who transfer at least 58 credits earned prior to matriculation at EMU. Contact the Director of Intercultural Programs.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

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This course supports and builds on the intercultural experiences of the WCSC program, including living in multicultural DC, working at an internship, and living in community at the WCSC house. In the class, students develop skills in leadership, communication, and handling conflict. Together, they will discuss goals and orienting values for their vocational identities, engage with guest speakers who share about their own career trajectories, and build nuts-and-bolts professional development skills, including conducting an informational interview and developing a cover letter and resume. This course is required for all students enrolled in the WCSC program. (Will satisfy CORE 401 Core Senior Seminar for students who have earned 90 SH prior to enrollment in WCSC.)
Core: CE, fulfills intercultural experience

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This course supports and builds on the intercultural experiences of the WCSC program, including living in multicultural DC, working at an internship, and living in community at the WCSC house. In the class, students develop skills in leadership, communication, and handling conflict. Together, they will discuss goals and orienting values for their vocational identities, engage with guest speakers who share about their own career trajectories, and build nuts-and-bolts professional development skills, including conducting an informational interview and developing a cover letter and resume. This course is required for all students enrolled in the WCSC program.
Core: CE, fulfills intercultural experience

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Students will learn the arguments for cycling as sustainable transportation, study commuter cycling activism in the US, learn basic bicycle maintenance, and promote cycling on campus.
Core: CE

LARTS 281 Student Life and Student Leadership (1 SH)

This seminar style course provides students in campus leadership positions with training in the areas of effective leadership and teamwork, social comprehension, restorative justice/ restorative practices, and basic helping skills. The course provides opportunities for discussion and interaction among student leaders focusing on contemporary issues in college.
Core: CE

LARTS 390 Peer Tutoring Practicum I (1-3 SH)

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This one to three credit course offers additional tutoring experience with supervision from the appropriate faculty member. The course may also be linked with specific professors and courses of academic departments. LARTS 391 serves as a Community Learning designate. Prerequisite: LARTS 390 or consent of practicum professor and, if applicable, consent of academic department professor. Students may enroll in LARTS 390 and 391 for a maximum of three credit hours for peer tutoring over one to three semesters.
Core: CE

LARTS 410 Liberal Arts Internship (1-3 SH)

This course supports experiential learning in which students apply their academic foundation in supervised work settings. Students who have completed an internship or have an internship in progress are eligible to enroll in this course. The internship is intended to enhance students' professional growth, competencies and professional exploration. Students will identify and develop skills and experiences directly relevant to achieving intended career goals, reflect on their experiences and find meaning in them, and develop a better understanding of their chosen career field and evaluate that field as a long-term career path. Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of direct service in a company/organization (up to 3 credits).
Core: CE

LARTS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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This is an opportunity for students to explore leadership and gain limited practical experience in an organizational or team setting. Students will log at least 40 contact hours and complete some reflective written reports. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Graded on a Pass/Fail basis. Prerequisites: Sophomore+ status and EMU cumulative GPA 2.0 or better. (Must apply one month in advance to secure placement)
Core: CE

LEAD 300 Leadership Theory and Practice (3 SH)

This course will focus on understanding leadership from theoretical and personal perspectives. From the theoretical perspective, it reviews historic and current thought on leadership including how power and identity influence leadership perceptions. From the personal perspective, students will develop their identity as a leader through reflecting on their own gifts, skills, and leadership experiences in a practice setting.
Core: CI, SB

LEAD 481 Leadership Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give LEAD majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for LEAD majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

LEAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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This course examines the ways mathematics is used to help inform societal decisions.  Topics may include game theory, fair division of goods, apportionment of representatives, voting methods, and consumer finance.
Core: QR

MATH 134 Finite Math-Logic and Problem Solving (2 SH)

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This course covers the core topics of Euclidean geometry, with an emphasis on proof-writing.  Geometric transformations and non-Euclidean geometry will be included, as time allows. (Fall 2024)
Core: CI

MATH 450 Introduction to Analysis (3 SH)

Analysis is a critical study of the calculus, with heavy emphasis on rigorous proof-writing. Topics include real numbers, sequences, limits, continuity, differentiation, and integration. Prerequisites: MATH 170 and MATH 195. (Spring 2025)
Core: WI

MATH 460 Abstract Algebra (3 SH)

This course is a proof-based study of the properties of groups, rings (including polynomial theory), and fields. The course also builds on the number theory encountered in MATH 170. Prerequisite: MATH 350. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

MATH 470 Mathematical Probability (3 SH)

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This course takes a broad leadership view of the principles and practices of marketing. Topics include marketing structure, channels of distribution, consumer behavior, pricing, advertising, industrial marketing, telemarketing and marketing research. Aspects of international marketing and service marketing are included. Consumer behavior topics include psychological, sociological and anthropological variables that influence consumer motivation and actions. Prerequisite: grade of C (not C-) or better in MKTG 201. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

MKTG 481 Marketing Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give marketing majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for marketing majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

MUED 121 Voice Proficiency Class (1 SH)

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This is a beginner level course designed to give students a foundation in learning to play the piano and basic musicianship. During this course, students will learn to play pieces at the piano, learn basic elements of music theory and keyboard skills, and begin to develop a critical ear for nuance through listening to piano performances. This course is the first semester of a two-course sequence and is open to both music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, this course provides instruction necessary to meet piano proficiency requirements.
Core: CA

MUED 132 Class Piano II (1 SH)

This course builds upon skills developed in Class Piano I. Students will learn more advanced pieces, continue to refine keyboard skills, and further develop listening ability. This course is open to music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, the final exam of this course will also serve as the piano proficiency exam. Permission of instructor is required for students who have not previously taken Class Piano I.
Core: CA

MUED 212 The Child and Adolescent Voice (2 SH)

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A study of the methods, materials, philosophy and objectives in the elementary school with an emphasis on child development through music. Students will experience music and musical activities suitable for children from Pre-K through grade 6 with an emphasis on appropriate motivational and teaching methods. Topics covered may include: the role of music in society and in the schools; music fundamentals; sequential and discipline based music curricula; teaching strategies; integration of music throughout the school curriculum; evaluation strategies; writing lesson plans; planning performances. Special emphasis is given to Orff and Kodaly approaches, the needs of diverse populations and the use of technology in the music classroom. Students will observe public school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee. A two-credit option without a practicum is available for students who are not pursuing Music Education.
Core: CA, CE

MUED 342 Secondary School Music (3 SH)

A study of methods and materials designed to prepare students to teach in middle and high school music programs. Students will observe school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Special emphasis is given to the maturing adolescent voice, performing ensembles, and teaching global music. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee. 
Core: CA, CE

MUED 353 Instructional Module (1-2 SH)

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The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences.
Core: CE

MUED 413 Piano Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation, and supervised teaching experiences.
Core: CE

MUED 415 String Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano, and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences. Offered alternate years
Core: CE

MUES 310 The University Choir (0-1 SH)

A large choral ensemble representing a wide variety of academic majors. The choir will sing primarily sacred repertoire from all periods of music history. Membership is open to any Eastern Mennonite University student by audition. Alumni, faculty, staff, and community members are invited to join the choir during the fall semester to participate in the annual Fall Gala concert or Christmas service.
Core: CA

MUES 321 Chamber Singers (0-1 SH)

A select choir that studies and performs choral literature of various periods, styles and cultures. Performances occur both on and off campus; some touring is done each year. Members of Chamber Singers are also members of The University Choir.
Core: CA

MUES 331 Chamber Orchestra (0-1 SH)

An orchestra open to students, faculty and community players interested in playing symphonic music. Several concerts are scheduled each year, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition required for wind players.
Core: CA

MUES 332 Wind Ensemble (0-1 SH)

A large ensemble open to students, faculty and community players. Concerts are scheduled each semester, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition may be required.
Core: CA

MUES 333 Chamber Ensemble (0-1 SH)

Small ensembles of voices and/or instruments organized according to the interests and abilities of students, and coached by various EMU music faculty.
Core: CA, CE

MUES 333 Chamber Ensemble - Jazz Combo (0-1 SH)

Small ensemble focused on jazz combo repertoire, combo group playing, and improvisation, coached by EMU music faculty.
Core: CA, CE

MUES 341 EMU Jazz (0-1 SH)

The EMU Jazz Ensemble provides opportunities for students interested in jazz to learn musical skills and techniques associated with jazz music performance including different styles and improvising. Emphasis is placed on performance of jazz in the big band style. The Jazz Ensemble is open by audition. Preferences will be given to students of saxophone, trumpet, trombone, keyboard, drum set, bass, and guitar, but all students are welcome. The ensemble performs on campus and at local venues.
Core: CA

MUES 351 EMU Pep Band (0-1 SH)

Want to play fun instrumental arrangements of popular music, feel the excitement of bringing school spirit to athletic events, and earn general elective credit all at the same time? Join the EMU Pep Band! The pep band will play 4-8 games and events over the course of the EMU Royals basketball season (November-February).  Audition is not required and all instruments are welcome.
Core: CA

MUPS 121 Class Voice (1 SH)

Beginning vocal instruction in a small group setting. Excellent opportunity to learn basic singing skills. Open to all students and is a prerequisite for private studies if the student has had no previous private voice study. Additional fee.
Core: CA

MUPS ### Private Lessons (1-2 SH)

Credit is available for private study in the areas listed below. A semester of private study includes 13 weeks of lessons. Registration for 1 SH offers 40 minute lessons (200 level course code); registration for 2 SH offers 60 minutes of instruction per week (300 level course code). Lessons for 2 SH are required of music majors with a performance concentration after their formal admission to the program as performance majors. Approval must be granted from music program director for any exceptions. Private voice students are required to hire an accompanist for weekly lessons and recitals. Additional fee.
Core: CA

• 201, 301 Percussion - 1-2

• 202 Improvisation - 1

• 203 Songwriting - 1

• 211 Composition - 1-2

• 221, 321 Voice - 1-2

• 231, 331 Piano - 1-2

• 241, 341 Organ - 1-2

• 251, 351 Violin - 1-2

• 252, 352 Viola - 1-2

• 253, 353 Cello - 1-2

• 254, 354 String Bass - 1-2

• 255, 355 Banjo - 1-2

• 256, 356 Guitar - 1-2

• 261, 361 Flute - 1-2

• 262, 362 Clarinet - 1-2

• 263, 363 Oboe - 1-2

• 264, 364 Saxophone - 1-2

• 265, 365 Bassoon - 1-2

• 271, 371 Trumpet - 1-2

• 272, 372 Horn - 1-2

• 273, 373 Trombone - 1-2

• 274, 374 Tuba - 1-2

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Skill acquisition in the learning laboratory through simulation and skill demonstrations (e.g. urinary catheter insertion, aseptic technique, vital signs, and glucometer). Clinical experiences take place in a nursing home, acute care setting, schools, and other community settings. Corequisites: NURS 301 Holistic Health Inquiry and NURS 303 Foundations of Professional Nursing. Clinical Hours: 68.5
Core: TI

NURS 310 Conceptual Framework of Nursing (2 SH)

Introduces the concepts basic to nursing practice: persons, health, environment and nursing. Incorporating spirituality into nursing practice will be emphasized. Taken during the sophomore year or with Level 1. 
Core: WI

NURS 311 Conceptual Framework Bridge Course (3 SH)

Provides an overview of the conceptual framework utilized in the EMU nursing department and reviews certain nursing process skills that include decision making, teaching, research and process recordings. This course is taken by LPN and RN students in the day program. (Clinical hours: 32 hours; LPNs: An additional 40 clinical hours are awarded from LPN degree upon course completion.)
Core: WI

NURS 320 Adult Health Practicum I (3 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student applies the nursing process in caring for 1-2 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5)
Core: TI

NURS 322 Nursing Care of the Adult I (3 SH)

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Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student masters complete care for 2-3 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5). Prerequisite: NURS 320
Core: TI

NURS 422 Nursing Care of the Adult II (3 SH)

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Focuses on nursing with the family as a unit in the community system from conception to late adulthood. 
Core: CE

NURS 427 Professional Issues in Nursing (1 SH)

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This course includes practical clinical experiences at the leadership level in acute care, medical-surgical settings. Concepts of delegation, time-management, and prioritization are emphasized. Prerequisite: NURS 322 and 422. (Clinical hours: 97)
Core: TI

NURS 432 Community Health (3 SH)

Focuses on community health nursing with clinical application to individuals, families and communities. Change theory, epidemiology, communicable diseases and health care systems are considered. Prevention in populations is a special emphasis in this course. Prerequisite: NURS 426. (Clinical hours: 56)
Core: CE

NURS 433 Evidence Based Practice for Nursing (2 SH)

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Crisis theory is applied with clients and their families in the acute stages of a health-related situational crisis and in disaster situations. Clinical experiences occur in the emergency department and critical care units. (Clinical experience: 4 days). Prerequisites: NURS 319, NURS 321, NURS 420, NURS 421322 and NURS 422.

NURS 439 Transition to Practice (3 SH)

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Examines professional issues and the role development of the professional nurse transitioning into practice. In class discussions and in writing a philosophy paper, students identify personal beliefs and ethical issues and challenges that will affect their voice as a nurse. Students present an evidence-based project and advocate for a legislative policy change.
Core: WI

NURS 480 Adult Health Practicum III (2 SH)

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This practicum provides an on-the-job learning experience for students. A supervised placement is secured in a coaching role in a local youth sports or educational program. This course is not available for first-year students.
Core: CE

PE 210 Sophomore Practicum-KES (1 SH)

This individualized course provides exposure for kinesiology and exercise science minors in professional adult fitness or sports medicine settings. A volunteer position is secured in a related agency for fifty clock-hours of involvement.
Core: CE

PE 301 Adapted Physical Education (3 SH)

This is a combined study of academic course work and a 10-hour practicum experience designed to educate the student to meet the physical, motor, personal-social and learning needs of exceptional individuals, particularly those individuals with disabilities whose needs cannot be met in a mainstreamed physical education setting.
Core: CE

PE 302 Motor Learning (2 SH)

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This course focuses on the discipline of exercise physiology and explores the effects of physical activity on physiological processes and the effects of various physiological states on performance. This segment of the course explores the acute responses and chronic adaptations of the body to the stresses of exercise. Applications for physical educators and coaches are a primary focus. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143. Non-majors and minors by instructor permission only. (Spring 2025)
Core: WI

PE 416 Fitness Administration and Assessment (2 SH)

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A course designed to provide the pre-service teacher (health and physical education, early childhood and elementary education) an aesthetic and kinesthetic movement experience in a variety of basic fundamental movement situations. The course includes: creative rhythmic movement, fundamental movement patterns, folk and line dance, square dance. The course also focuses on the development of the students' artistic and creative ability through the creation of an original movement routine.
Core: CA

PEM 231 Movement Education (1 SH)

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This interdisciplinary core course will introduce students to public health in the US and globally using a social justice lens and emphasizing the interconnectedness of population and individual health. This course will cover foundational elements of public health, including its history and impact, the importance of health equity and human rights, and how racism manifests and is perpetuated within public health and healthcare systems. This is a foundational course for the public health program.
Core: NS

PH 231 Foundations of Public Health Immunology (3 SH)

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This course introduces students to key figures in the Western philosophical tradition and to the major questions with which those figures wrestled. Students read a variety of classic philosophical texts paying particular attention to problems of knowledge and skepticism, mind and world, ethics and politics.
Core: BR

PHIL 212 Ways of Knowing (3 SH)

Students engage watershed questions of human knowing such as: how do we know? When can we know that someone is wrong regarding their knowledge claims? What is truth? Just how important is truth? Issues of perspective, context, social construction of knowledge and gender and cultural difference will be explored.
Core: BR

PHIL 334 Moral Philosophy (3 SH)

Students encounter classical conceptions of ethics and morality articulated by Aristotle, Kant, Mill and the traditions of ethical virtue. The course will explore the relative importance of reason, character and good consequences in determining the right and the good. Prerequisite: PHIL 201 or permission of the instructor. Offered in alternate years
Core: BR

PHIL 412 Philosophy of Religion (3 SH)

This course examines issues that arise from a tradition of philosophical reflection on the language and truth claims of religion. Specific readings vary from year to year but will most often include theological and postcolonial responses to the phenomenon of the secular. (Spring 2024)
Core: BR

PHYS 151 College Physics I Lecture (3 SH)

The first semester of an algebra-based introductory physics sequence. This course is an introduction to classical mechanics, gravity, heat, and sound. Lectures cover the circumstances of important original discoveries and the related concepts and theories. Through laboratory experimentation and reporting, students may learn procedures by which scientists acquire and analyze data, methods by which scientists develop and evaluate theories, and criteria for effectively communicating scientific or technical findings. A major objective of this course is to equip students with a broad foundation of fundamental physical concepts and principles.
Core: QR

PHYS 162 College Physics II Lecture (3 SH)

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The first semester of a calculus-based introductory physics sequence that aims to develop understanding of basic physical principles, problem-solving ability, and fluency with mathematical formulas. Topics include conservation laws, Newtonian mechanics, oscillatory motion, and relativity. Fulfills the CORE NS requirement for engineering majors only. Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 253. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185.
Core: QR

PHYS 253 University Physics I Lab (1 SH)

Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 252.
Core: TI

PHYS 262 University Physics II Lecture (3 SH)

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This course provides a review of the basic framework and foundational concepts of politics, exploring key questions in contemporary comparative politics. The course will focus on several questions that have long been central to the study of comparative governments: (1) why democracy emerges and survives in some countries but not in others; (2) how political stability affects economic development; (3) how political institutions (constitutional, electoral, administrative, and party systems) vary across countries and why these variations matter; and (4) how contentious politics often turn violent and take the forms of civil war.
Core: SB

POL 112 American Politics (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the study of American politics, covering a range of substantive topics related to the American political system. Topics covered in this course are as follows: the cultural and constitutional foundations of American politics; its institutional structures, including the Congress and the presidency; the political behavior of elites as well as ordinary American citizens; and contemporary political debates over issues of racism, immigration, economic inequality, and partisan polarization.
Core: SB

POL 113 International Relations (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the study of international relations. It covers the key approaches to and issues in the field, including the causes of war and peace, nuclear proliferation, trade, finance, globalization, international law, human rights, and the environment.
Core: SB

POL 220 U.S. Foreign Policy (3 SH)

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This course seeks to give context to the rule of law and the pursuit of justice in Harrisonburg, Rockingham County and the Commonwealth of Virginia. Students will see how theories of law and justice play out in practice at the local level in police work, the court system, detention and restorative justice. The course highlights dynamics of immigration status, race, identity, class and power across a range of issues. The class format will engage diverse speakers, on-site visits to state agencies and non-governmental groups, dynamic readings and other resources. (Spring 2025)
Core: CE

POL 340-345 Topics in Political Studies (3 SH)

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This course aims to introduce and analyze the history and international relations of East Asia, which is one of the most dynamic and consequential regions in world politics today. The first part of the course will explore historical backgrounds of the region with a focus on political, economic, and security development from the late 19th century to the post-Cold War era. The second part will examine various regional security challenges and foreign/ security policies of the key countries (China, Japan, the two Koreas, and ASEAN countries), encouraging students to think whether the region is heading towards peace or conflict. The ultimate goal of this course is to enable students to produce an academic research paper on a topic of their interests, by immersing themselves in important peace and security issues in East Asia. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI, WI

PPX 401 Human Rights and Dignity (4 SH)

This course introduces students to the study of human rights from a political perspective. By taking this course, students should be able to (1) think critically and analytically about human rights and dignity; (2) demonstrate knowledge of key conceptual debates, the history and evolution of the international human rights regime, and relevant cases of human rights violations; (3) develop informed positions on key issues of human rights and identify ways to prevent human rights violations at home and abroad; and (4) attain critical writing and oral skills through active class participation, weekly response essays, and a final paper. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

PPX 405-409 Topics in Politics and Peace Studies (3-4 SH)

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This course examines genocides and mass atrocities in the modern world from an interdisciplinary perspective. We will look at historical and contemporary genocides— Armenia, the Holocaust, Nanjing, Cambodia, Rwanda, former Yugoslavia, Darfur, and Myanmar—and analyze their causes and patterns of development. Engaging various disciplines such as political science, history, peace studies, psychology, and sociology, students will explore theoretical and policy issues such as theories of genocide, various forms of destruction, gender and genocide, humanitarian intervention debate, prevention of mass atrocity, genocide denial, and collective memory. (Fall 2023)
Core: WI

PPX 431 Political Reconciliation (4 SH)

How should a society address the legacies of mass atrocities and human rights violations of the past? This course examines the issue of political reconciliation after armed conflicts and violent political transitions. Students will explore key issues and debates related to transitional justice such as criminal prosecutions and trials, truth commissions, reparations, official apologies, amnesty, guilt and denial, and forgiveness. Such frameworks of political reconciliation will be critically examined, asking how well these policies fulfill an ethic of peacebuilding as well as justice and help societies address their pasts marred by conflict, violence, and oppression. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

PSYC 101 General Psychology (3 SH)

An introduction to the principles, language, methods and major topics of the science of behavior and mental life. Emphasizes exploration and application in the following areas of psychology: neuroscience, human consciousness, learning, memory, motivation, development, and abnormal behavior among others.
Core: SB

PSYC 202 Developmental Psychology (3 SH)

Designed to introduce the principles, theory, and methods of developmental psychology. Examines the factors affecting the development of behavior, cognition, and emotions throughout the entire lifespan. Current research relevant to the entire lifespan is reviewed and analyzed. Social and emotional issues affecting the individual, family, and community are analyzed.
Core: SB

PSYC 203 Developmental Case Study (1 SH)

Designed to introduce the skills of behavioral observation based on developmental principles. A one-to-one experience with a young child using suggested activities. To be taken during or after PSYC 202. Prerequisite: minimum of two semesters previous enrollment at EMU. Registration preference given to psychology majors.
Core: CE

PSYC 221 Social Psychology (3 SH)

This course examines the major variables affecting an individual's beliefs, emotions, and behavior in social situations. Topics include prosocial behavior, aggression and violence, prejudice, social perception, social cognition, attitudes, self-justification, persuasion, conformity, media influence, and attraction. Principles derived from social psychology research are applied to cultural, institutional, and group processes. Prerequisite: PSYC 101 or PSYC 202.
Core: SB

PSYC 231 Applied Behavior Analysis (3 SH)

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This course is a laboratory course designed to examine contemporary experimental work in psychology. Students will discuss experimental research methodologies, begin to develop computational expertise using JASP, and apply data analysis skills learned in STAT 120 Descriptive Statistics. Application of skills will be demonstrated in the creation of a research paper. Prerequisite or corequisite: STAT 120.
Core: TI, WI

PSYC 331 Abnormal Psychology (3 SH)

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Survey of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including loss of function studies and the function of sensory receptors and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the role of general neurophysiological principles that affect human behavior. (BIOL 451) (Spring 2024)
Core: NS

PSYC 472 Research in Psychology (2 SH)

Introduces the essentials of designing, conducting, and evaluating research in psychology. Topics include: formulating research questions, understanding variables, research designs, control, conducting a literature review, sampling, measurement, collecting data, validity, reliability, and ethics. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are considered. Prerequisites: two semesters of successful coursework in psychology at EMU, STAT 120, PSYC 311 and PSYC 341 or PSYC 342.
Core: WI

PSYC 473 Research in Psychology-Applied (2 SH)

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Students gain field experience in a psychology related agency. The practicum is designed to begin developing students' psychological skills and abilities as professionals by utilizing previous coursework. A written plan must be approved and a contract made with the agency where the practicum work will occur. The agency and the practicum instructor provide supervision. Open to senior psychology majors only. Prerequisites: two semesters of successful coursework in psychology at EMU and PSYC 331.
Core: CE + PSYC 483

PSYC 483 Psychology Internship II (2 SH)

This capstone course builds on the field experience in Internship I. After students complete 150 hours of direct service in an area agency, they apply their learning in supervised settings by developing and presenting a case study, analyzing the integration of faith and practice, and exploring ethical decision making in the helping profession. The internship experience and processing sessions are designed to develop students' professional expertise in psychology. Open to senior psychology majors only. Prerequisite: PSYC 482.
Core: CE + PSYC 482

PSYC 499 Independent Study (1 SH)

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This course introduces students to theories, key terms, concepts, and skills related to peace and conflict in war and violence, and justice and peacebuilding. Students will discover and attend to their own conflict styles, learn about introductory skills for dealing with conflict on an interpersonal level, become familiar with factors contributing to conflict at the community, national and international levels and explore peacebuilding as a framework for addressing conflict. An overview of current global issues is central to the course along with an exploration of rights, roles and responsibilities for individuals and nations.
Core: SB

PXD 225 Theories of Social Change (3 SH)

This course is designed as an introduction to key sociological theories, with a focus on how these impact the dynamics of social change. The theories covered range from micro social- psychology perspectives to macro-structural approaches. The course specifically interrogates how ideas about the nature of social relations influence our perceptions of how social systems are constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed. The course opens up the space for students to reflect on their own personal life journeys as well as provides the opportunity for vigorous debate around real-time contemporary issues and engagement with how theoretical frameworks actively shape the macro sphere and our collective lives. Most importantly, students experience how social theories are driving agents of change on the personal, local and global levels. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite: PXD 151, SOC 101 or SOC 201 (SOC 225)
Core: WI

PXD 261 Community and Conflict Analysis Techniques (3 SH)

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This course is an introduction to the theory and practice of mediation and facilitation, two processes for conflict transformation. Students will learn about conflict, group dynamics theory, teambuilding, and leadership for transforming conflict. Students demonstrate learning through role plays and facilitation on campus of conversation on issues that cause tension. With its emphasis on practical applications, the course is useful for those planning to work in church ministry, business, education, social work, and many other areas. First- and second-year students by permission of instructor only.
Core: CI

PXD 345 Peacebuilding Theory and Action (3 SH)

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This course introduces students to the interdisciplinary fields of social and political economy and the role that social, economic, political, cultural and environmental/ecological processes play in shaping society. Students will consider the political economy of various social problems such as poverty, war, exploitation, and protracted social conflict.
Core: SB, WI

PXD 375 Globalization and Justice (3 SH)

The task in this class is to examine the debates about globalization. Is it new? Is it a force for good or bad? Does it bring people together or drive them apart? Is it a homogenizing or fragmenting force? What, or who, drives it? Is 'globalization' just another word for 'Westernization'? How is it being resisted? We will also engage a further set of questions concerning theology and the church. How is globalization affecting the church? What does it mean to think in terms of a church whose center of gravity is no longer Europe and North America (if it ever was)?
Core: SB

PXD 431 Peacebuilding and Development Practicum (1-3 SH)

A practicum provides PXD majors (and minors by permission) opportunities for practical off-campus experience in settings related to the field. Many students complete the practicum requirement by participating in the Washington Community Scholars' Center. Other local and global placements, including the possibility of an international practicum placement through the International Peacebuilding and Development Practicum (IPDP) program, may be pursued in coordination with the student's advisor.
Core: CE

PXD 432 Formation for Peacebuilding Practice (3 SH)

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This course introduces a range of historical and contemporary approaches to the study of religion. Various theories and methodologies will be examined with special attention given to the functions of religion within culture and the insights this provides for Christians.
Core: BR

REL 223 World Religions (3 SH)

A historical and comparative study of the great religions of the world in order to understand values and meaning in specific cultural settings. The religions are evaluated at the level of their own claims and in light of biblical revelation. Special attention is given to a theology of religions, to emerging models of Christian witness to other religions, and to Christian theological development in the context of non-Christian religions.
Core: BR

REL 310-315 Topics in Religion (3 SH)

This course is designed to focus on issues that arise in the discipline of religious studies or at the intersection of Christian theology and other disciplines. Topics may include inter-religious dialogue, race and gender, political theory, economics, peacebuilding, and trauma theory. Consideration will be given to how theology may best enter into mutually enriching conversation with other religions and other academic disciplines.
Core: BR

REL 312 Topics in Religion-Women and the Bible (3 SH)

Offered in alternate years
Core: BR

REL 423 Judaism, Christianity, Islam-Comparative Monotheisms (3 SH)

This course will focus on the three monotheistic religions. The literature, beliefs and practices of each religion will be examined and similarities and contrasts noted. Specific religious themes will be compared in the context of the Christian interface with Judaism and Islam. (Spring 2025)
Core: BR

RSM 101 Introduction to Health, Physical Education and Recreation (3 SH)

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This is an opportunity for majors to explore involvement in the fields of recreation leadership and sport promotion, youth ministry, or kinesiology and sport science. A seasonal-level employment or volunteer position will be secured, with a suggested clock-hour involvement of 40 hours. Options include working in a university or high school athletic department, counseling at a summer camp, high school or university athletic training operation, or a physical therapy or adult fitness facility. Assignments will include several reflective exercises asking the student to explore characteristics of the profession and personal suitability to the field.
Core: CE

RSM 305 Risk Management in Recreation Sport (3 SH)

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The course focuses on the principles and approaches to planning and implementing recreation and sport programs and events. A philosophical and practical basis for preparing a variety of recreation programs will be covered. Non-majors by instructor permission only. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

RSM 402 Facility Design and Supervision in Sports and Recreation (2 SH)

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This course is the culminating professional development experience for recreation leadership and sport studies majors. The involvement consists of a pre-professional or entry-level position in a related organization or agency, preferably emphasizing the student's specialty or concentration. The time commitment is a minimum of 10 weeks and 160 hours. Assignments include a personal journal, a time log, and various reflective pieces asking the student to apply theory to practice, and evaluate personal suitability to the field. An on-site supervisor conducts monitoring and evaluation, with an EMU faculty assigned as institutional liaison. Prerequisites: Senior status and departmental approval. WCSC 385 may satisfy for students who have earned 90 SHs prior to enrolment in WCSC.
Core: CE

RSM 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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In this course students will be introduced to the sociological method and to key theoretical perspectives that engage their sociological imagination around issues such as culture, race, gender, deviance, socialization, and stratification. This encounter will challenge students to analyze and observe life from diverse vantage points as they learn to systematically reflect on how and why individuals and groups behave as they do.
Core: SB

SOC 201 Sociology of Health (3 SH)

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This course on human behavior in the social environment focuses on theories of social stratification and inequality. Students will explore various interpretations of the causes and consequences of inequality within the United States. Enrollment priority given to majors in the department. (SOWK 210)
Core: SB

SOC 225 Theories of Social Change (3 SH)

This course is designed as an introduction to key sociological theories, with a focus on how these impact the dynamics of social change. The theories covered range from micro social- psychology perspectives to macro-structural approaches. The course specifically interrogates how ideas about the nature of social relations influence our perceptions of how social systems are constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed. Most importantly, students experience how social theories are driving agents of change on the personal, local and global levels. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite: PXD 151 or SOC 101 or SOC 201. (PXD 225)
Core: WI

SOC 245 Environment and Society (3 SH)

The goal of this course is for students to develop a critical understanding of the dominant trends that have shaped environmental policy in the United States over the past 150 years. Key historical approaches include conservationism, deep ecology, ecofeminism, and the environmental justice movement. Throughout the course's duration students will interrogate how perceptions regarding the environment play a central role in regulating how they interact with their natural surroundings.
Core: SB

SOC 255 Social Movements (3 SH)

This course provides a sociological framework for understanding the ways that people, working together, attempt to alleviate social problems. We begin by exploring and evaluating models and tactics of making change. We then examine forms of collective behavior, ending with a focus on social movements comprised of organized groups attempting to influence various audiences. Sociological theories are applied to historical and contemporary cases that involve violent and nonviolent tactics. Offered in alternate years
Core: SB

SOC 315 Religion in Culture and Society (3 SH)

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This course begins with a history of social justice and social change as concepts in the field of sociology and then sees how this foundation influenced contemporary social justice practitioners and theorists. Particular attention is given to social movements, the role of organizing, and civil society. Theory is integrated into practical social justice methodologies and community-based learning. Particular attention is paid to issues of power and powerlessness in domestic and/or international contexts. Prerequisite: SOC 152. This course may be taken as part of the Peace and Conflict Studies minor.  Offered through Bluffton University
Core: SB

SOC 334 Cultural Anthropology (3 SH)

This course offers an overview of the study of culture in a globalized world. It introduces students to the field of cultural anthropology, a field that offers concepts and tools to study culture and navigate the complex, multicultural, and changing realities of the world around them. Students will learn to appreciate cultural diversity and intercultural engagement, gaining a deeper understanding of their role as agents of social change.
Core: SB

SOC 336 Methods of Social Research (3 SH)

The course provides an introduction to social research methods and prepares students to analyze, interpret, and critique quantitative social science research. Over the course of the semester students design and develop a research proposal. At various times during the semester the class will meet in a computer laboratory in order to access research tools and statistical software. Enrollment priority given to majors in the department. Prerequisites: STAT 120 and one of the following: SOC 101, SOC 201, POL 111, POL 113, PXD 151, GS 101.
Core: TI

SOC 340 Family in Social Context (3 SH)

Students explore contemporary family structure and dynamics from historical, inter cultural, developmental, and practical perspectives. This course provides an overview of courtship, marriage, gender roles, parenting, aging, family crisis, and conflict resolution.

SOC 351-355 Topics in Sociology (3 SH)

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SOC 350 Urban Sociology (3 SH)

In this course students explore their connection to an increasingly urban world by examining patterns of urban settlement, theories of urbanism, the "community “community question," ” and the problems and possibilities of urban life through the perspectives of urban planning. The course includes a focus on the roles of race and class as factors influencing social interaction and use of space in urban environments. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 201.
Core: SB

SOC 351-355 Topics in Sociology (3 SH)

Courses on a variety of topics in sociology are offered on a rotating basis depending on student and faculty interest SOC 350 Urban Sociology (3 SH)

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In this course students explore their connection to an increasingly urban world by examining patterns of urban settlement, theories of urbanism, the “community "community question,” " and the problems and possibilities of urban life through the perspectives of urban planning. The course includes a focus on the roles of race and class as factors influencing social interaction and use of space in urban environments. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 201.

Core: SB

SOC 351 Topics in Sociology-Religion in Culture and Society (3 SH)

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In this course we consider how communities differ from place to place and learn about community-based organizations working in and around DC to improve local neighborhoods. Community development focuses on meeting the needs of places that have been marginalized from political and economic power: communities with limited access to good schools, jobs, adequate housing, quality food, and other resources that make life easier and more fulfilling. We learn about the ways people work together to improve neighborhoods, to access external resources, and to more fully meet the needs of their neighbors.
Core: SB

SOC 385 Community Organizing and Development Internship (3 SH)

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Students examine the philosophy of science in sociology and gain experience in the practice of social research through work on individual projects. To be taken spring semester of the junior year. Offered as part of the sociology online collaborative. Prerequisite: SOC 336.
Core: WI

SOC 409 Field Experience in Sociology (3 SH)

Experience in the practice of sociological analysis or social research outside the classroom. Corequisite or prerequisite: SOC 392.
Core: CE

SOC 410 Senior Capstone (1 SH)

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This course is an introduction to the history, theories, and tactics of community organizing in the United States since the early 20th century. Community organizing is fundamentally a project of power building within and among groups of people marginalized from existing power structures. In this class, we begin by asking what community is and how power functions and proceed to learn about issues, tactics, and campaigns that have been used in fights for local change over the past century and continue to be used today. We work to understand how local concerns and campaigns to address them are situated within larger structures of power and inequality. (PAX 570)
Core: SB

SOC 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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This entry-level course introduces the core competencies, skills, ethics and values necessary for generalist social work practice in contemporary society. Services, policies and practices are presented along with the unique experiences of marginalized populations affected by various social problems. Students participate in human service agency visits and engage in a 20-hour community learning volunteer experience.
Core: CE, SB

SOWK 200 Social Behavior and Diversity (3 SH)

Social work has historically used the idea of person-in-environment and has developed a multidimensional understanding of human behavior inclusive of human diversity related to gender, class, race and ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, and disability. This course follows a multidimensional approach highlighting case studies and focusing on biological, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of persons; as well as multiple contextual dimensions of environment including physical, cultural, social structural, family, small group, organizational, community, and social movement.
Core: SB

SOWK 210 Social Stratification (3 SH)

This course on human behavior in the social environment focuses on theories of social stratification and inequality. Students will explore various interpretations of the causes and consequences of inequality within the United States. Enrollment priority given to Applied Social Sciences majors (social work, sociology, peacebuilding, sustainability, global studies). (SOC 210)
Core: SB

SOWK 220 History and Philosophy of Social Welfare (3 SH)

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This course provides an overview of social welfare policy (including social insurance, public welfare, and social services) in the global context. Generalist social work practitioners need to understand how global, national, state, and local policies affect the delivery of human services, and the importance of social work advocacy both on behalf of vulnerable populations, and the organizations and programs that address human social problems. Students engage in research, analysis and critique of a national or state level social problem and its historic and contemporary social welfare policy responses. This course builds on content introduced in SOWK 220 Social Welfare History and Philosophy.
Core: WI

SOWK 360 Race and Gender (3 SH)

This course focuses on the systemic nature of racism and sexism in the United States. Students will explore the social patterns and history that shaped these realities. And they will look at how class, poverty, age, education, power, and other elements contribute to social inequality related to race and gender. Students will develop conceptual tools that lead to informed, reflective and transformative interpersonal and institutional practices and policies. Prerequisite: SOC 101, SOC 201 or PSYC 101.
Core: Fulfills Power, Systems, and Justice

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Social Work Practice II highlights Strengths-Based and Trauma Informed Approaches to generalist practice at the Mezzo level. Students learn a working model for knowing and doing in social work practice oriented around common challenges of living including: poverty, violence, child maltreatment, trauma, substance abuse, and depression. Activities and assignments provide opportunities for students to use direct interaction skills with groups, and to enhance writing and research skills in a collaborative task group. Skill development includes effective communication, professional boundary setting, collecting and assessing information, documentation, and maintaining professional values and ethical standards. Restricted to social work majors accepted into the social work program. Prerequisite: SOWK 310.
Core: WI

SOWK 410 Social Work Practice III (3 SH)

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The senior practicum is a semester-long, capstone experience for the social work major. Students complete a 430-hour placement in an approved organizational setting. The practicum is designed to provide students with opportunities to integrate and apply social work knowledge, values, and skills in real practice situations in a purposeful, intentional, and professional manner to promote human and community well-being. The student performs social work roles and responsibilities similar to those of a new staff member logging between 30-32 hours a week. Students are expected to engage in beginning generalist social work practice with attention to implementation of the nine CSWE core competencies for social work practice. The practicum seminar class, taken concurrently with practicum, assists students with further application and integration of social work knowledge, values, skills, and integration of cognitive and affective responses to practicum experiences as identified by the nine CSWE core competencies.
Core: CE

SOWK 441 Leadership Practicum (1 SH)

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The fundamentals of Spanish through listening, speaking, reading and writing, including practice in pronunciation and development of comprehension. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students with no Spanish language background or with a maximum of one year of high school Spanish. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 120 Elementary Spanish II (3 SH)

Continuation of SPAN 110. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. A student may not receive credit for both SPAN 120 and SPAN 130. This course is typically appropriate for students who have completed SPAN 110 Elementary I or who have had one to two years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 110. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 130 Elementary Spanish in Review (3 SH)

This course is designed for high-beginning college students. It aims at reviewing concepts already learned in one or two years of language study in high school, and having students prepared for further study at the intermediate level. Covers in one semester the same material covered in SPAN 110 and SPAN 120. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. A student may not receive credit for both SPAN 120 and SPAN 130. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 210 Intermediate Spanish I (3 SH)

This course focuses on conversational themes. Students will increase oral and written fluency, cultural understanding, and compare Hispanic culture to their own native culture. The course engages learners in speaking, listening, and writing activities based on communicative and task-based approaches to reinforce and review core functional-linguistic structures (narrating in the present and past tenses; expressing beliefs, opinions and other discourse tasks; distinguishing between verbs "ser" and "estar"; expressing likes and dislikes; giving commands and/or guidelines; talking about real, imagined, and future events). Students discuss short films and cultural readings and regularly attend conversation sessions with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students who have had three or four years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 120, SPAN 130 or equivalent. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 220 Intermediate Spanish II (3 SH)

This course is a continuation of SPAN 210 and focuses on conversational themes. Students will increase oral and written fluency, cultural understanding, and compare Hispanic culture to their own native culture. The course engages learners in speaking, listening, and writing activities based on communicative and task-based approaches to reinforce and review core functional-linguistic structures (narrating in the present and past tenses; expressing more complex opinions and feelings about recent and past events; discuss hypothetical situations; use grammar structures specific to oral and written language; articulate specific preferences; and express agreement or disagreement). Students discuss short films and cultural readings and regularly attend conversation sessions with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students who have had four or five years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 210 or equivalent. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 231 Intermediate Spanish for Healthcare Professionals I (3 SH)

SPAN 231-232 is an online, eight-week summer course for healthcare workers that seeks to increase their effectiveness in communicating with Spanish speaking clients and co-workers. This course emphasizes the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills within a medical context. Topics include how to greet patients, brief conversations, preliminary patient information, checking into the hospital, at the pediatrician's office, at the gynecologist's office, and other general health subjects. Students will acquire and use medical vocabulary and forms and structures; explore healthcare issues affecting the Hispanic world; and read about and discuss Hispanic culture. With a conversation assistant and/or classmates, students will record and role-play typical doctor/patient interactions, as well as other medical situations. Prerequisite: SPAN 110, SPAN 120, SPAN 130, or equivalent level of study in high school. This course is not designed for heritage or native speakers. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive). Offered occasionally
Core: LL

SPAN 232 Intermediate Spanish for Healthcare Professionals II (3 SH)

SPAN 231-232 is an online, eight-week summer course for healthcare workers that seeks to increase their effectiveness in communicating with Spanish speaking clients and co-workers. This course emphasizes the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills within a medical context. Topics include how to greet patients, brief conversations, preliminary patient information, checking into the hospital, at the pediatrician's office, at the gynecologist's office, and other general health subjects. Students will acquire and use medical vocabulary and forms and structures; explore healthcare issues affecting the Hispanic world; and read about and discuss Hispanic culture. With a conversation assistant and/or classmates, students will record and role-play typical doctor/patient interactions, as well as other medical situations. Prerequisite: SPAN 110, SPAN 120, SPAN 130, or equivalent level of study in high school. This course is not designed for heritage or native speakers. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive). Offered occasionally
Core: LL

SPAN 301 The Art of Storytelling (3 SH)

This conversational course is an exploration of the art of storytelling. Students will tell, read, and write short stories. We will focus on important decisions authors make regarding how to write a story: the nature of narrative voice, plot details, character development, symbols, and metaphors. Students will examine the structure and themes of short stories authored by Esteban Echeverría, Jorge Luis Borges, Juan Rulfo, Julio Cortázar, Elena Poniatowska, Isabel Allende, and Rosario Ferré (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LI, LL

SPAN 302 Flavors of Hispanic Culture (3 SH)

This conversational course offers a close understanding of Hispanic culture through a variety of food that mirrors diversity, history, traditions, believes, national and cultural identity, collective memories and taboos. The course covers from ancestral food practices prior to the encounter with the European colonists to contemporary culinary expressions of Hispanic dishes existent in many homes, poetry, novels, movies and songs of the diverse and multifaceted Hispanic kitchen. (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 303 Dictatorships and Social Movements (3 SH)

This conversational course explores the dictatorships and social movements surrounding the Mexican Revolution, Cuban Revolution, The Spanish Civil War, and the dictatorships of the Southern Cone, and others. Students will examine the sociohistorical circumstances that lead to dictatorship, characteristics of dictatorships, and the various methods activists took up to denounce them and free their countries from oppression. Through a deep understanding of these histories, students will question the nature of democracy and evaluate the post- dictatorship societies. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: HI, LL

SPAN 310 Advanced Conversations and Readings (3SH)

Advanced Conversation and Readings is designed to improve grammatical analysis, increase accuracy, and develop speaking and listening skills as well as students’ knowledge of Hispanic cultures and societies. This course is intended to prepare native and non-native speakers of Spanish for the reading demands and academic language expectations of upper-level SPAN courses through the use of authentic texts and practical exercises. (Offered every 4 years, Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 320 Constructing Identities (3 SH)

SPAN 320 is one of two critical thinking and composition courses at the 300 level with emphasis on analytical reading and writing skills necessary for upper level coursework. Students will practice journalistic and analytical writing while reading and discussing topics related to love, globalization, and gender. The successful SPAN 320 student will be able to discuss the interaction between the self and environment both in the spoken and written modalities. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & WI

SPAN 325 The Latino Experience (3 SH)

SPAN 325 is one of two critical thinking and composition courses at the 300 level with emphasis on analytical reading and writing skills necessary for upper level coursework. The topic of Critical Thinking and Composition B is The Latino Experience. Students will practice argumentative writing while reading and discussing topics related to Spanish-speaking populations in the United States and the world. The successful SPAN 325 student will be able to discuss the role of voice in identity both in the spoken and written modalities. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & WI

SPAN 330 Immigration Issues (3 SH)

This course combines experiential community learning in the local Latino community with in-depth research and reflection on local, national and global immigration/migration issues. Community-learning combines academic study with concrete service to the community. It engages students in understanding the community in which they work, requires thoughtful reflection on their experiences, and stimulates critical thinking and academic research. Class discussions will focus on readings, documentary films, personal immigrant stories, student service experiences, etc. (Spring 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 335 Spanish of the United States (3 SH)

This course provides a critical overview of the linguistic practices of Spanish-speaking communities in the United States. The class focuses on the historical migration paths of Honduran, Salvadoran, Guatemalan, and Mexican communities. The main goal is to develop critical and linguistic awareness about the dynamic encounter between Spanish and English in the United States: the shaping of Spanish and English, practices of language use, attitudes, and stereotypes. (Spring 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 340 Introduction to Spanish Translation and Interpretation (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to two different professions and skill sets: translation (written translation from Spanish to English and English to Spanish) and interpretation (oral translation from Spanish to English and English to Spanish). Emphasis is on the practice of translating from Spanish to English in a variety of prose styles and working as translation teams. Additionally, students will be introduced to and practice consecutive and simultaneous oral interpretation. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the processes involved in and skills necessary and professional and ethical standards for translation and interpretation. Offered in alternate years. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 360 Spanish for Health Care Professionals (3 SH)

This course enables students to develop their proficiency in medical Spanish and inter- cultural competence so that they are able to communicate effectively with Spanish-speaking patients or to be a competent patient in a variety of health care situations. Key global health issues and the role of new health technologies are explored in the context of global health challenges and medical ethics as well as the role of national health care systems, international organizations, NGOs, and social movements in promoting health. (Spring 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 395 Survey of Hispanic Literature (3 SH)

This course offers a panoramic view of Hispanic literature, both from Spain and Latin America, from its origin as a dialect of Latin to the present global language, pointing out its most important stages. The student will develop the necessary tools to read literary texts for analysis. Students will engage with texts produced by the formative voices in the Spanish languages. Texts such as Lazarillo de Tormes, Don Quijote, the works of Borges, Rulfo, Garcia Marquez, Allende, Poniatowska, Garcia Lorca and others will become an important base from which reading and writing strategies, general culture and humanistic values can be learned through the rest of the upper-level SPAN courses. (Offered every 4 years, Spring 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LI, LL

SPAN 415 Introduction to Spanish Phonetics and Pronunciation (3 SH)

Intro to Spanish Phonetics and Pronunciation serves any advanced level Spanish speakers, both heritage speakers and speakers of Spanish as a foreign language, in their desire to gain clarity and accuracy in their own pronunciation. In the course of the semester the students will travel through the phonology of the Spanish language, including the phonetic landscape and minor variations. The course will provide an introduction to transcription, phonology, morphology and syntax in the language as well as provide an overview of linguistic change and brief introduction of geographic variation and will guide students as they hone their own accents in Spanish into a clear and easily understood variation free of influence from other languages. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & TI

SPAN 425 Indigenous People and Conquest (3 SH)

This course first explores the rich history, culture, and sociopolitical structure of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca civilizations prior to the conquest of the Americas. Additionally, this course prepares students to engage in the study of myths surrounding the conquest of the Americas and the role indigenous allies, Africans, and traitors to the Spanish crown played in the conquest and exploration of the New World. This course will also provide students with contemporary cultural knowledge of present-day indigenous culture, transculturation, struggles, and survival in the modern nationstate. (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: HI, LL

SPAN 435 Hispanic Linguistic Variation and Advanced Grammar (3 SH)

Hispanic Linguistic Variation and Advanced Grammar focuses on how Spanish is spoken in different places, how linguists observe such variation, and how recognizing linguistic variation can become a bridge to the individual. Students will be exposed to variations in morphology, phonology, and syntax based on diachronic (historic) variation, diatopic (geographic) variation, diastratic (social) variation, and diaphasic (level of formality) variation. Students will learn historical methods of classifying the variations of Spanish and will be trained to recognize origins of Spanish speakers based on their accents. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Offered every 4 years, Fall 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 470 Spanish Internship (1-3 SH)

The Professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval needed one semester in advance.  This course is graded on a P/F basis. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

Advanced work in literature, conversation or composition. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SRSML 460 Business Ethics (3 SH)

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Displays of data, measures of center and spread, correlation, normal distributions, and interpretation of statistical tests. Spreadsheets will be used throughout the course. Credit will not be given for both this course and STAT 140.
Core: QR, TI

STAT 133 Topics in Statistics (2 SH)

The content of this course will vary based on student and faculty interest. Possible topics include nonparametric statistics, data visualization, the statistical programming language R, and a theme-based course on a culturally relevant topic.  Statistical software will likely be a large component of the course, regardless of the topic. Prerequisite: STAT 120 or instructor approval. (Spring 2024)
Core: QR

STAT 140 Elementary Statistics (3 SH)

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This course examines the history, analysis, and creation of data visualizations. Students will learn to critique data visualizations ranging from the simple to the complex, and from the misleading to the powerfully informative. Opportunities to create data visualization will be presented in accordance with each student’s technical skills.
Core: QR, TI

STAT 160 Statistical Methods (3 SH)

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Normal and binomial distributions, confidence intervals, P-values, correlation, and one- and two-sample hypothesis tests, using statistical software. Prerequisite: STAT 120 or instructor approval. (Students wishing to take STAT 220 who have not taken STAT 120 (or an equivalent course) should work through an EMU-provided module that will acquaint them with means, standard deviation, and the standard normal distribution.)
Core: QR, TI

STAT 230 Regression and ANOVA (2 SH)

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An overview of the role that theological reflection plays in the life of the believer and the church. Students will be exposed to different methods and understandings of theology, major issues in the history of theology, and key contemporary theological issues and debates.
Core: BR

THEO 312 Topics in Christian Theology (3 SH)

An advanced study of key thinkers and topics in theology in order to more fully develop skills of theological analysis, discussion and presentation. Students gain an appreciation of the role of theology within the life of the church to become better prepared for a role in the church's theological task. Provides an intensive setting for reflection on theological understandings and inter-disciplinary conversation with theology.
Core: BR

THEO 323 Biblical Theology of Peace and Justice (3 SH)

In this course, students study biblical materials relating to peace and justice. Aspects of the study are the Old Testament's vision of creation, fall, deliverance, covenant, law, and prophetic critique; the New Testament's portrayal of Jesus, the One who fulfills the Old Testament prophetic vision—bringing salvation and establishing a community of justice and peace; the early church's interpretation of Jesus; and consideration of how the biblical vision of peace and justice applies to our modern world.
Core: BR

THEO 412 Liberation Theologies (3 SH)

Liberation theology names the effort to understand and interpret the gospel through conscious and reflective deliberation within experiences of injustice, inequality, violence, and oppression. This course will explore some of the various expressions that have arisen under the banner of liberation, such as Black theology, feminist theology, queer theology, and theology in the face of empire. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR

THEO 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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This course helps students of all disciplines unleash their creativity as they explore the fundamentals of acting for theater and cinema. Students will gain skills in speaking and textual analysis as they learn to connect with their bodies. This class will also make students more informed audience members of plays and films.
Core: CA

THR 200 Survey of World Theater History (2 SH)

This course covers major movements in world theater history, beginning with the Greeks and ending with contemporary experimental performance. Students will read plays and theoretical texts and watch films so that they gain a full understanding of the intersection of text, theory, and performance spectacle in world theatre styles. Much emphasis will be placed on non-Western performance styles.
Core: LI

THR 210 Technical Theater (2 SH)

This course covers basic stagecraft and design. It includes hands on experience in rendering, model-building, and drafting that will allow students to realize their own creative design. Students may also contribute to the design and construction of public performances at EMU.
Core: CA, TI

THR 230-235 Topics in Theater (2 SH)

Various theater topics are offered depending upon student interest and faculty availability. Recurring topics courses are in technical theater and other areas of specialization that provide students with a broad understanding of the discipline.
Core: CA

THR 230 Topics in Theater-Solo Performance (2 SH)

This course is a vital part of the contemporary theater scene and an excellent way for artists to acquire various acting, directing, technical, and creative writing skills that will aid them in the development of original work in non-traditional and traditional theater settings. Through intensive creative writing exercises, self-reflection, dramaturgical research, and performance practice, students will mine their own stories and the stories of others in order to craft original solo performance pieces. The writing process will be particularly emphasized through the submission of various written assignments and drafts of the final performance scripts. The scripts will also be workshopped with peers. The student's work will culminate in a performance showcase, and their work may be further developed to be shared in more public formats. Students will also engage with a variety of solo performance works, i.e. texts and live performances, from the 20th and 21st centuries and use them as inspiration for their own solo performance pieces. (THR 361; students should take THR 361 to receive WI credit)
Core: CA

THR 231 Topics in Theater-Musical Theater (2 SH)

Integrating practice with history and theory, this course examines the use of music in theater from the advent of opera in Renaissance Italy to the American Broadway musical. Students will perform songs and engage with dance/movement as they learn to become better performers and more informed audience members. Students with all levels of experience from absolute beginner to seasoned performer are welcome! (CMUS 205) Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

THR 232 Topics in Theater-Yoga and Movement (2 SH)

Students will learn basic to advanced yoga poses as they become more physically fit and aware of their bodies. Students from all academic disciplines are welcome! Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

THR 233 Topics in Theater-Dance and Movement (1 SH)

The Dance and Movement course offers class instruction designed to acquaint students with basic movement techniques and provides an introductory overview of various styles of dance. (Fall 2023)
Core: CA

THR 235 Topics in Theater-Summer Musical Theater Program (2 SH)

Students will take classes in acting, dance, voice, and technical theater (costume, set, and lighting). The program culminates in a production of a major musical. (Summer 2023)
Core: CA

THR 281 Acting Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester.
Core: CE

THR 300 Directing for the Theater (2 SH)

Students learn basic principles of stage direction and apply them in production-oriented settings. This course may culminate in the direction of original student work, including short plays developed in the Playwriting course or devised/movement pieces. These may be performed publicly.
Core: CA

THR 350 Technical Theater Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. Practicum credits may be earned.
Core: CE, TI

THR 351 Stage Management Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. 
Core: CE

THR 352 Assistant Directing (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. 
Core: CE

THR 353 Dramaturgy (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester.
Core: CE

THR 360 Playwriting (2 SH)

Through various writing exercises and play readings, students work towards crafting original short plays. Much emphasis is placed on helping students collaborate with actors as they workshop their plays/screenplays. Some plays may be selected for a showcase of new student plays during the academic year.
Core: CA, WI

THR 361 Screenwriting (2 SH)

Through various writing exercises and film viewings, students work towards crafting original short screenplays. Much emphasis is placed on helping students collaborate with actors as they workshop their screenplays. Students may also collaborate with VACA students on the development of narrative films or choose to created films based on their own screenplays through the VACA course entitled Visual Storytelling: Fiction. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA, WI

THR 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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VACA 112 is an introduction to photography using the digital format.  The emphasis will be on composition, artistic personal expression and the use of new media technology.  Aesthetics and the creative process begin the class.  Understanding fundamental photography issues, light, composition, camera operation, and digital editing are covered.  Photographing people, communicating an idea, and design assignments are explored. 
Core: CA

VACA 121 Drawing (4 SH)

This course is designed to develop confidence in drawing and build basic drawing and perceptual skills. A variety of drawing media, techniques and conceptual approaches will be used.
Core: CA

VACA 131 Three Dimensional Design (4 SH)

Three-Dimensional Design develops a fundamental understanding of a variety of techniques, processes, and styles in three-dimensional media. Students will be challenged to become thoughtful of formal and conceptual concerns in art, while investigating the technical aspects of three-dimensional design. Students will gain practical experience by using various materials as well as by employing compositional and conceptual theories to create sculptures. (Fall 2023)
Core: CA

VACA 141 Foundations of Design (4 SH)

This foundational class for Visual and Communication Arts emphasizes visual skills and creative problem-solving related to principles of design in two-dimensional art. Students explore the elements of composition and color theory through hands-on studio work and digital design tools.
Core: CA, TI

VACA 142 Graphic Design I (2 SH)

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This hands-on course introduces students to digital imaging processes that include camera acquisition, digital image correction, and output. Students gain foundational skills in photographic composition and digital image manipulation as well as a basic understanding of how digital images may be employed in digital media and art production.
Core: CA, TI

VACA 221 Watercolor Painting (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to watercolor for beginning painters and those interested in adding color drawings and sketches. This course covers a variety of techniques including washes, wet-in-wet, wet-on-dry, monotypes, pen-and-ink with color tinting. Students will also have opportunity for skill development following demonstrations with guided and independent practice. When the weather is especially lovely we'll move the classroom outside and enjoy plein air painting. Offered summers only.
Core: CA

VACA 222 Painting (4 SH)

An introduction to painting in water-mixable oil or acrylic media. This course is designed to develop confidence in painting along with basic techniques and perceptual skills. A variety of approaches are used.
Core: CA

VACA 232 Ceramics (4 SH)

Ceramics is a comprehensive course designed to explore a variety of techniques and processes in clay. Sculptural and functional pieces will be created using both hand building and wheel techniques. Students will be challenged to become proficient in creating work, glazing, and will learn about firing processes.
Core: CA

VACA 242 Graphic Design II-Digital Layout (2 SH)

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This course is a practical hands-on introduction to the video camera and to non-linear editing. It covers operation of the camera, basic lighting and sound, camera movement and support. Issues of composition, content, aesthetics, continuity and creativity will be explored with exercises, labs and real-life shooting. The non-linear video editing will cover both technical and philosophical issues of editing. Productions will introduce both fiction and non-fiction forms. Prerequisite: VACA 151 or equivalent.
Core: CE

VACA 263 Audio Production (2 SH)

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An overview of important factual and conceptual elements of visual art and history spanning over thirty thousand years. The course covers aesthetic objects separately as works of art and examines religious, social, political, and philosophical concepts in historical and cultural contexts. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

VACA 323 Printmaking and Watercolor (4 SH)

Relief printmaking is an ancient form favored by contemporary artists in which images are printed on paper from wood and other materials. Screen printing is a newer process in which ink is forced through fabric onto paper and other materials. These processes are used to develop rich, colorful prints with an emphasis on visual ideas and technique. An introduction to watercolor covers a variety of techniques including washes, wet-in-wet, wet-on-dry, mono-types, pen-and-ink with color tinting. Students will also have opportunity for skill development following demonstrations with guided and independent practice. When the weather is especially lovely, we'll move the classroom outside and enjoy painting en plein air. (Spring 2025)
Core: CA

VACA 332 Intermediate Ceramics (2 SH)

Building on the foundation of ceramics, students are challenged to expand their vocabulary of ceramic form and function. Hand building and wheel throwing techniques will be explored for both vessel and sculptural work. Technical understanding of surface treatments, firing techniques, glaze formulation, and ceramic processes are emphasized as tools used toward formal and conceptual success. Students have the opportunity to pursue more individual concerns in tandem with class directed assignments. In conjunction with increased technical proficiency, students will expand critical awareness through the investigation of conceptual, historical and contemporary art issues, ultimately increasing professionalism and the development of a personal aesthetic. Prerequisite: VACA 232.
Core: CI

VACA 335 Installation and Experimental Media (4 SH)

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Explores the intersection of photography and environmental conservation. Topics include aesthetic responses to the natural world, visual documentation of ecosystems, conservation advocacy and the relationship between human communities and the natural world. Students work in small groups on a semester-long documentation/storytelling project in conjunction with a partner organization. Prerequisite: VACA 151. (Fall 2024)
Core: CE, CI

VACA 364 Motion Graphics/After Effects (2 SH)

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Using photography, audio creation and video production as building blocks, students will construct narrative presentations. These narratives will be constructed for multiple distribution methods including: print, epubs, online magazines, and mixed-media forms. Students will also consider possible feedback and interaction methods like blogging and other social media. Students will study storytelling, narrative construction, research and interview techniques, the history of photographic journalism, technical skills and the expanding uses of the image. Students will practice this form while paying attention to the technical, aesthetic, philosophic and ethical issues involved. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 151. (Spring 2025)
Core: CE, CI

VACA 381 Cinema and Visual Theory (2 SH)

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A study of the aims and philosophy of art education in the elementary school with emphasis on child development through art. Students will experience art techniques and materials suitable for children from Pre-K through grade 6 with emphasis on appropriate motivational and teaching methods. Topics to be covered may include: the role of art in society and in the schools; fundamentals of art; sequential and discipline based art curricula; teaching strategies; art motivation; art integration with the sciences, social studies, and cultural understandings; evaluation; teaching art history, criticism and aesthetics; writing instructional objectives and lesson plans; and teaching art production. For art education majors a 20-hour practicum in the elementary setting is a component of the course. Admission to teacher education may be a prerequisite. A two-credit option without a practicum is available for students who are not pursuing Art Education. (Spring 2024)
Core: CA, CE

VACA 398 Secondary School Art Methods (3 SH)

A study of the aims and philosophy of art education at the secondary school level. Secondary School Art Methods will include advanced studies of curriculum and lesson design and integration; classroom organization and management techniques; delivery of art courses as electives; teaching art history, aesthetics, and evaluation; teaching art production appropriate to the adolescent; and the function of art in the schools and community. Students will understand contemporary issues in art education by examining research history and philosophy of art education. The relationships between developments in education as a whole and art education will be explored as well as adolescent creative learning styles and development. A 20-hour practicum in a secondary art setting is a component of the course. Admission to teacher education may be a prerequisite. (Fall 2024)
Core: CE

VACA 432 Advanced Ceramics I (2 SH)

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Further development of drawing techniques, visual processes and experimental approaches. The capacity to change one's perspective and habits and an openness to taking risks are encouraged. This course is for students who want to explore drawing in its own right, strengthen work in other media through enhanced drawing skills or connect drawing with other arts or disciplines. Advanced investigation into physical, intellectual and emotional aspects of drawing. Content development, individual direction and creative voice are stressed along with further development of drawing skills. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 121.
Core: CI

VACA 435 Advanced Painting (2 SH)

Further development of techniques and visual strategies using oil and acrylic media. The capacity to change one's perspective and habits and an openness to taking risks are encouraged to understand the various ways artists approach structure and meaning in painting. Advanced investigation into physical, intellectual and emotional aspects of painting. Content development, individual direction and creative voice are stressed along with further development of painting skills. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 222.
Core: CI

VACA 442 Advanced Ceramics II (2 SH)

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Students will study how video documentaries are constructed and used to communicate. They will research, design and produce a documentary video on a selected subject. Students will take HUM 200 the semester before this class to do background research for the project. Prerequisite: VACA 262. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE

VACA 466 Visual Storytelling-Fiction (4 SH)

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Provides students with an opportunity to integrate theory and practice by working in a professional art/media/design-related environment. Consultation with and reporting to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and other expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be done during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Core: CL VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition (2 SH) This course explore professional practices related to preparation and installation of the major senior exhibit as well as development of a thesis paper. Students take this class in conjunction with a capstone course in their major.
Core: CE

VACA 499 Independent Study (1-4 SH)

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This course is an introduction to urban studies, focused in particular on questions of space and place. Through fieldwork, readings, and discussion, we explore the urban landscape of Washington, D.C., seeking to understand the spatial organization of the city, the inequalities it reflects, and the implications for people and communities. What drives racial and economic segregation? How do we make sense of cycles of neighborhood development and disinvestment? This course asks students to consider the breadth of actors and forces that shape the city, and to reflect on what it means to seek justice within this context.
Core: WI

WCSC 388 La Lucha Latina (3 SH)

The Latinx Caribbean influence on Washington, DC is strong and growing. This class takes a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding that aspect of the city—delving into the push/pull factors of immigration, looking at the many contributions the Latinx community has made and understanding the many forms of injustice that they face. Students will get a chance to experience and interpret the cultural, socio-economic, geographic and political impact of the Latinx community on the metro area. They will gain insight into the current national debate on immigration issues and take the opportunity to critically reflect and analyze relevant issues through speakers, class discussions, readings, movies, visits to various community organizations, advocacy work, and a final research project.
Core: WI

WRIT 110 Preparation for College Writing (3 SH)

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Students develop compassionate listening and speech communication skills while exploring a calling within a discipline. This course is ideally taken in the spring semester of the first year. Prerequisite: WRIT 135, WRIT 140, or CORE 120302. 
Core: Communication Foundations

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This course addresses the principles and practices of effective oral communication. The course emphasizes rhetorical approaches for message design, presentation planning, arrangement, and delivery that are useful across settings. Students will learn to manage intercultural communication for effective business and workplace relations. Students will receive feedback from groups and one-on-one. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140.
Core: Communication Foundations

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This four-genre course allows students to read, write, workshop and revise flash fiction, memoir, poetry, and dramatic scenes. Team taught or with frequent visits from various writing and literature faculty. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or its equivalent.
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 210 News and Feature Writing (3 SH)

Workshop for magazine and newspaper writing: generating story ideas; interviewing; observing; fact-checking; researching and drafting news stories, features, book reviews, editorials; and writing for public relations. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140.
Core: WI

WRIT 340 Student Kairos Place (1 SH)

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A workshop on the craft of fiction-writing in the short story form. The course focuses in writing process and revision; explores varieties of characterization, setting, plot and structure, point of view, voice, theme, and figurative language. Reading assignments, writing exercises, and extensive short story workshops culminate in polished prose that may be appropriate for publication or graduate school application. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. Open to sophomores and above. (Spring 2024)
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 352 Creative Nonfiction Workshop (3 SH)

A workshop on the craft of creative nonfiction writing. The course focuses on the writing process and revision and explores elements of the genre's craft. Reading assignments, writing exercises, and intensive group workshops culminate in a portfolio of polished prose that may be appropriate for publication or graduate school application. Special topics such as Food Writing, Nature Writing, and Spiritual Life Writing may be offered according to student demand. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. Open to sophomores and above. (Spring 2025)
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 370 Poetry Workshop (3 SH)

A workshop on the craft of versification. Requirements include writing over sixty poem drafts based on traditional and experimental forms and styles, readings of poetry and prosody, memorization of at least one published poem, and participation on the class discussion board. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Fall 2024)
Core: CA

WRIT 380 Expository Writing (1 SH)

This five-week course will focus on expository elements in the academic discourse produced by writers in the students' major fields. Students will develop an independent, critical, problem-solving attitude with respect to reading the work of others to assist in the revision of their own writing. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

WRIT 381 Argumentative Writing (1 SH)

A five-week, one semester-hour course that equips students to write arguments that are fully developed, rhetorically engaged, and critically thoughtful. Students are expected to contextualize their arguments—to see themselves as agents of change. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Offered occasionally)
Core: WI

WRIT 383 Professional Writing (1 SH)

This five-week course has a practical focus on writing in professional settings. Students will create a portfolio with a cover letter defining their expertise, a resume, and a writing sample specific to the niche in which they want membership. Students will analyze an audience in order to write, edit, and proofread documents that show they understand the audience of a particular profession and can write to a standard required in that profession. Students will become familiar with the ethical issues in professional writing, how to present themselves in writing by creating a positive impression to particular clients, and how to make connections by creating a network via various media. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

WRIT 390 Literary Arts Journal-Phoenix (1 SH)

Credit received for serving on the editorial team for the student literary arts journal. Detailed timesheet and reflective paper required. Students may receive 1 SH per semester and may take the course multiple times.
Core: CE

WRIT 391 Editing and Publishing-Weather Vane (1-3 SH)

Credit given for writing, editing, photography, and other production work for the student- run university newspaper. Student are encouraged to have prior school newspaper experience or have taken news writing or photography courses at EMU. Students should enroll for one credit per semester, except in the case of editors serving on the Weather Vane.
Core: CE

WRIT 400 Senior Thesis (3 SH)

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The Professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis. 
Core: CE

WRIT 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

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