Course Descriptions

ABP 101 Covenant and Community-An Introduction to the Bible (3 SH)

This course surveys the content and the backgrounds of the Old and New Testaments (the Jewish Bible and the Christian Bible). It explores the themes that are developed through this library of writings, and how they come together to tell a broad story of God's work in the world. It invites students to consider the meaning of the Bible's story for our world.
Core: BR

ABP 260 Questions of Faith and Ethics (3 SH)

This course provides students with conversational space to wrestle with questions of how to live meaningfully. Diverse readings from faith and non-faith perspectives equip students to consider how to pursue a good life and introduce them to some of what makes Anabaptists distinctive. Through lectures, discussions, activities, and small, student-led dialogue groups, students will learn to identify and articulate differences between a range of responses to each question, and develop and argue for their own view in conversation with the readings, their social context, and their own individual experience. This course is recommended for students in their second year, but second-semester first-year students may register for it.

ABP 360 Good Questions (1 SH)

In this 1 SH practicum course, students lead dialogue groups for ABP 260. Weekly student-led dialogue groups cultivate belonging and intercultural communication in ABP 260. The practicum includes training, creating plans for weekly dialogues, and dialogue leadership. Prerequisite: ABP 260.
Core: CE

ACTG 221 Financial Accounting (3 SH)

A first course in accounting for business majors and minors as well as a useful introduction to accounting principles and practices and to interpreting financial statements for students in all majors. No background in accounting is assumed. The course includes a description and derivation of financial statements prepared by accountants and a discussion of a conceptual framework which provides rationale for accounting practices.

ACTG 222 Managerial Accounting (3 SH)

This course provides a conceptual understanding of the elements of accounting for management planning, budgeting, control and decision-making. Topics include cost behavior, cost systems, CVP analysis, activity-based costing/ management, and capital budgeting. Prerequisite: ACTG 221.

ACTG 321 Intermediate Accounting I (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of the methods of financial accounting. Special emphasis is given to the theoretical basis for accounting. Topics include: time value of money, financial statements, accounting cycle, and accounting for current assets. Prerequisite: ACTG 222 and competency in Excel. (Fall 2023)

ACTG 322 Intermediate Accounting II (3 SH)

Continuation of ACTG 321. Continued study of theory covering such topics as fixed assets, current and long-term liabilities, investments, error analysis, revenue recognition, and statement of cash flow. Prerequisite: ACTG 321. (Spring 2024)

ACTG 341 Cost Accounting (3 SH)

Methods and procedures of ascertaining and distributing the costs of production materials, labor and overhead, the securing of unit costs under job order, and process methods of production. Prerequisite: ACTG 222 and competency in Excel. (Spring 2024)

ACTG 421 Federal Income Tax (3 SH)

Emphasis on income tax provisions as they relate to individuals. There is some emphasis on tax provisions affecting businesses. Prerequisite: ACTG 222. (Fall 2024)

ACTG 422 Intermediate Accounting III (3 SH)

Continuation of ACTG 322. Topics covered are issues related to intangible assets, income tax accounting, accounting for leases, shareholder equity, dilutive securities and an introduction to some advanced accounting topics. Prerequisite: ACTG 322. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

ACTG 432 Advanced Accounting (2 SH)

A study of advanced accounting procedures as they apply to business combinations. Other topics include partnership accounting and foreign currency transactions including hedging and foreign currency financial statement translation. Prerequisite: ACTG 422. (Spring 2025)

ACTG 433 Nonprofit and Government Reporting (2 SH)

Emphasizes accounting issues unique to nonprofit organizations, including non-exchange transactions and lack of ownership interest. Content coverage also includes accounting and reporting for state and local governments and other nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). (Spring 2025)

ACTG 445 Seminar in Accounting (2 SH)

This course is the culmination of theory, designed to synchronize concepts learned in the accounting curriculum while incorporating practical application. Taken during the senior year, this course will focus on current issues in accounting and best practices in industry through cases, simulations, research, and community engagement. (Spring 2024)
Core: CI

ACTG 451 Auditing (3 SH)

Study of the work of an accountant as it relates to the examination and attesting to the reliability of management's financial reports. Topics include standards, legal liability, internal control, sampling, evidence and the auditor's report. Prerequisite: ACTG 321. (Spring 2025)

ACTG 481 Accounting Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory and to give accounting majors insight into current policies, procedures and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be done during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for accounting majors. Prerequisite: admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. Application at least one semester in advance.
Core: CE

ACTG 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ART 141 Drawing (3 SH)

This course is designed to develop confidence in drawing and build basic drawing and perceptual skills. A variety of drawing media, techniques and conceptual approaches will be used. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 120 Private Pilot Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Private Pilot Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Private Pilot Practical Test, and operate safely as a Private Pilot in the National Airspace System.  Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 121 Private Pilot Flight (3 SH)

This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Private Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). To complete this course, students will pass the Final Progress Check and the FAA Private Pilot Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 220 Instrument Rating Ground School (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Instrument Rating Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Instrument Rating Practical Test, and operate safely as Instrument Rated Pilot in the National Airspace System. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 221 Instrument Flight Training (3 SH)

This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements for adding an FAA Instrument Rating-Airplane to an existing Private Pilot Certificate. To complete this course, students will pass the Final Progress Check and the FAA Instrument Rating Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 320 Commercial Pilot Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides advanced aeronautical knowledge in aerodynamics, regulations, meteorology, aircraft systems, and airspace operations. This course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Commercial Pilot Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Commercial Pilot Practical Test, and operate safely as a Commercial Pilot in the National Airspace System. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 321 Commercial Flight I (3 SH)

This flight training course is the first of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers and complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations will be introduced. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage One Check. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 322 Commercial Flight II (3 SH)

This flight training course is the second of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers and complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations are reviewed, and cross-country navigation is emphasized. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage Two Check. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 323 Commercial Flight III (3 SH)

This flight training course is the third of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers, complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations, and cross-country navigation are reviewed. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage Three Check, the End-of-Course Check, and the FAA Commercial Pilot Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 340 Multiengine/Professional Operations (3 SH)

Course to include ground and flight instruction required to add FAA Airplane – Multiengine Land Rating to a Commercial Pilot Certificate. Will include subjects related to the exercise of the Commercial Pilot Certificate in professional settings, including line operations related to security, aircraft servicing, and passenger safety, and Pilot-in-Command aircraft maintenance and airworthiness responsibilities. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 420 Flight Instructor Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Fundamentals of Instruction and Flight Instructor Knowledge Tests and correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Flight Instructor Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster AVFO 421 Flight Instructor Flight (3 SH) This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of the FAA Flight Instructor Certificate - Airplane Single-Engine. To complete this course, students will pass the End-of-Course Check and the FAA Flight Instructor Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 110 Becoming Aviators-Introduction to Aeronautics (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to, and survey of, the field of aeronautics. It includes a study of the history and trends of aerospace activity, including airline operations, military operations, and general aviation. Each student authors a paper and oral presentation based on their research of a particular piloting vocation. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 120 Aircraft Systems (3 SH)

The objective of this course is to provide students with sufficient background knowledge in aircraft systems and their operation, as required by various aviation occupations. This course involves a comprehensive study of aircraft systems and components at the technical level. Areas of study include: aircraft electrical systems; piston engine ignition systems; turbine aircraft ignition systems and operations; aircraft hydraulic and pneumatic systems; aircraft fuel systems; aircraft propellers and systems; aircraft pressurization and environmental systems; ice and rain control systems; fire protection systems. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 130 Meteorology (3 SH)

This course provides students with an understanding of aviation weather theory as it applies to flight operations. As future aviation professionals, students will learn how pilots, dispatchers, air traffic controllers and others access and utilize aviation weather information. In addition, the available aviation products will be discussed as applies to flight planning, en route weather decisions, and avoidance of weather hazards. This course fulfills an EMU Core LOM-Aviation requirement. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 220 Aerodynamics and Performance (3 SH)

This course provides a study of applied fluid mechanics and aircraft aerodynamic behavior. It also reviews the mechanics and performance of turbine and reciprocating aircraft engines. Exercises in aircraft performance problems are conducted, and a group research project on environmental sustainability in aviation is accomplished. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 320 Aviation Safety (3 SH)

This course is a balanced overview of aviation safety and promotes a value system of regulatory compliance and the nurture of an organizational safety culture driven by ethical leadership. The course includes risk management, accident case studies, principles of accident investigation, the nature of accident error chains, voluntary safety programs, human factors, and an introduction to the Safety Management System (SMS). It imparts practical skills that are immediately useful to the aviation student, as well as a foundation for future safety leadership in aviation organizations. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 330 Aviation Law and Regulatory Compliance (3 SH)

This course examines the evolution of federal civil aviation regulations in the United States. Students will examine the past and present problems prompting regulation of the industry, the resultant safety, legislation, airport development, funding legislation and international aviation legislation. Students will study Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), previously called the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR); the application of 14 CFR Parts 1, 61, 91, 141, NTSB Part 830 and various other 14 CFR Parts. A discussion of the history of aviation regulations, the rulemaking process, letters of interpretation and enforcement will be included. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 400 Commercial Aviation Advanced Subjects (3 SH)

This course prepares students to pursue a career in commercial aviation, to include positions that are outside of 14 CFR Part 121 but which require an Air Transport Pilot Certificate. Students will research vocations and organizations and will select a particular organization that conducts types of operations in which they are interested in serving. Students will complete a paper on that organization deriving from research about their organizational history, past and current key persons, financial structure, and nature and location of their operations. Students will receive assistance in applying for the internships in which they will engage in AVIA 430 - Aviation Internship, in the spring semester of their senior year. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 401 Air Transport Advanced Subjects (3 SH)

This course is a survey of 14 CFR Part 121 passenger and cargo airline operations. Students will study topics related to the following functional areas: flight operations, dispatch, customer service, cargo carriage, aircraft maintenance, and cabin safety. Students will visit the operations and maintenance facilities of a 14 CFR Part 121 air carrier organization and will complete a research project and paper based on a Part 121 operation. Students will receive an orientation in a full-motion jet simulator. Students will receive assistance in applying for the internships in which they will engage in AVIA 430 - Aviation Internship, in the spring semester of their senior year. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 430 Aviation Internship (6 SH)

Aviation concentrators will complete a supervised internship with an established aviation organization. Internships run during a full semester and may be completed in fall, spring, or summer. Each internship must be approved by the AVIA 430 course instructor. For successful completion of this course, the student will: compile a resume and cover letter prior to seeking an internship; seek and acquire an internship position with the approval of the AVIA 430 course instructor; submit the Aviation Internship Proposal Form; be under the supervision of a professional in the aerospace industry; work a minimum of 252 hours in an approved operation; remain responsible for completing all assignments and for routinely communicating with the AVIA 430 course instructor during the internship experience. Offered through Lancaster

BIOCH 152 Human Biochemistry (2 SH)

This course focuses on the study of organic and inorganic compounds, especially those important in cellular intermediary metabolism and other biological processes. Prerequisite: CHEM 105 OR 2 years of high school chemistry (or AP Chemistry). This course meets for 7 weeks.

BIOCH 318 Biochemistry Molecular Biology Lab (2 SH)

A hands-on overview of several major biochemistry and molecular biology laboratory techniques, including protein and nucleic acid purification, expression, and characterization; enzyme kinetics; gene amplification, cloning, and manipulation; and protein and gene bioinformatics. Each student will undertake a short research project. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class, BIOL 240, and CHEM 315.

BIOCH 376 Foundational Biochemistry (3 SH)

A survey of structure – function relationships of biological molecules and systems. Emphasis is placed on enzymology, intermediary metabolism, and metabolic control. Laboratory focuses on protein chemistry and involves an extended independently guided research project in which students develop their own hypotheses and test them using the techniques learned early in the course. Prerequisite: CHEM 316.

BIOCH 398 Advanced Cell Biology (3 SH)

A study of cellular architecture, communication, transport, structure, division, growth and death. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of cancer at the cellular level, and on a quantitative understanding of cellular movements. Students read and report on research articles. Prerequisite: BIOL 240. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

BIOCH 438 Molecular Genetics (3 SH)

A study of the mechanisms of gene structure, stability, replication, transmission, and expression in eukaryotes. Themes include genomics, mutations, and heritable diseases. Students read and report on research articles. Prerequisite: BIOL 240. (Spring 2024)

BIOCH 479 Biochemistry/Chemistry Research (1-3 SH)

Research under the direction of a faculty member. Permission required since enrollment is limited. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOCH 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

BIOL 105 Science in Society (2 SH)

This course uses examples from recent news events as a means of introducing the nature of science and scientific inquiry and the role of science in society, culture, politics, and policy. This course meets for 7 weeks. Offered occasionally
Core: NS

BIOL 112 Human Anatomy and Physiology I (3 SH)

Lecture and laboratory study of the cellular, histological, structural and functional aspects of human body systems. Homeostasis and regulatory principles are emphasized in illustrating normal physiological systems. Laboratory sessions utilize physiologic instrumentation, histology, models, and observation of cadavers to demonstrate anatomic and physiological concepts. High school advanced biology or BIOL 155 and high school chemistry or CHEM 105 or CHEM 155 are recommended as preparation for this course. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 122 Human Anatomy and Physiology II (3 SH)

A continuation of BIOL 112. Courses may be taken out of sequence only with instructor permission. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 145 Nutrition Fundamentals (2 SH)

Basic principles of normal human nutrition with emphasis on energy and the nutrients— their properties, sources, functions and dietary requirements. Current and controversial issues in nutrition are included. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

BIOL 155 Biological Explorations (3 SH)

Introductory course to biological science, with an emphasis on organism adaptations and life cycles (plant and animal, including human). The course also covers the philosophical and methodological foundations of biology, the scientific method, and an introduction to evolutionary biology. The course consists of lectures, interactive workshops, laboratory experiences, and discussions of current science news and issues. If students are taking BIOL 155 as preparation for BIOL 173, they must achieve a B or greater in this course. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

BIOL 161 Food and Population (3 SH)

An examination of the biological and demographic aspects of the world food and population problems, including economic, political, ethical and theological contributions to the problems and solutions. Current international events that shape global food and population problems will also be addressed. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well.

BIOL 173 Concepts in Biology-Unity and Diversity of Life (4 SH)

Introductory course for biology majors or those interested in the biology major, emphasizing science as a method of learning about life. This course focuses on two biological issues of current interest to society—the impact of invasive species on ecosystems, and the challenge of infectious diseases. Lecture and laboratory experiences use these two issues as a springboard for learning fundamental concepts and methods in biology. In addition, the study of evolutionary biology is interwoven throughout the course, including issues related to the intersection of science and faith. Emphasis is placed on applying the scientific method, using instrumentation and basic laboratory skills for experimentation, writing scientific reports, and using computers for data analysis and presentation. This course is required for students continuing in the biology major. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. Corequisite: BIOL 174.
Core: NS

BIOL 174 Concepts in Biology Seminar (1 SH)

This recitation seminar is required for all first-year students enrolled in BIOL173 and recommended for second-year and transfer students. Small group work will include career exploration, examination of the primary literature, and tutorials and problem-based approaches to reinforce and refine concepts and skills developed in the BIOL 173 lecture and lab.

BIOL 205 Introduction to Microbiology (3 SH)

An introduction to the biology and the medical impact and of viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoa, with laboratory emphasis on bacteria. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOCH 152 or BIOL 173.

BIOL 209 Medical Terminology (3 SH)

This course is designed to provide the medical language and nomenclature background for students who plan to enter health care professions. Study of the uses of prefixes, suffixes, and word roots to formulate words describing meaningful medical conditions is emphasized as well as learning their definitions, correct pronunciation, and spelling. Using major body systems as a guide, students will learn the basic anatomic and medical terms related to the muscular, skeletal, respiratory, circulatory, digestive, neurological, reproductive, and urinary systems. No prerequisite. Offered occasionally.

BIOL 215 Organismal Biology (4 SH)

A survey of the diversity of life, introducing microbiology, botany and zoology through a focus on evolutionary history and comparative physiology and bioenergetics. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 219 Life Science Practicum (1 SH)

Experiential community learning in areas related to future vocation is coordinated with classroom instruction and reflection. Assigned shadowing or interactive experiences require 25-30 hours/semester outside of class. Typical experiences may involve hospitals, biomedical organizations, clinics, health departments, or life science education. Prerequisite: satisfactory completion of at least two biology courses and instructor permission.
Core: CE

BIOL 220 Science Professions Seminar (1 SH)

In this course, learning related to future science vocations will be coordinated and integrated with classroom instruction and reflective writing based on readings and experiences. Typical experiences include formal conversations with biology and other STEM alumni, and interactions with biology-related STEM professionals. Students will develop curricular and career plans and expand their understanding of possible vocations within STEM, including various academic, industrial, and public sector STEM industries. Students will work with the Career Services office to develop resume writing, interviewing and other skills needed to advance their career plans. Recommended for second semester science majors and above.

BIOL 235 Ecology-Adaptation and Environment (4 SH)

A foundation course in basic ecology and evolutionary biology with an emphasis on adaptations of animal and plants to their environment. The role of natural and sexual selection, species interactions, population dynamics, and landscape and community processes are investigated through a variety of projects, simulations, experiments, and field trips to representative ecosystems. Required for students continuing in the biology major, building on the experimental and investigative skills introduced in BIOL 173. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: WI

BIOL 240 Molecular and Cellular Biology (4 SH)

An examination of various aspects of cell biology, introducing basic understandings of biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell function. Through classroom discussions and laboratory experimentation, students will become familiar with the current techniques and technological advances for the study of the biology of living cells.  Prerequisites: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 255 Biology Research Seminar (1 SH)

This course is intended for sophomores but may be taken during the second semester of the first year. It is designed to provide an overview of the fundamental and theoretical aspects of research as well as the nature of science. Students will learn to evaluate primary literature, how to assess and interpret data and how to develop hypotheses from that data. Students will learn how to design a research project to fill the gaps in the existing work and write a research proposal. Students will be evaluated on their interpretative skills as well as their scientific reading, writing, and oral presentations. This course meets for 7 weeks.

BIOL 317 Developmental and Stem Cell Biology (4 SH)

This course provides students with an introduction to development and stem cell biology that emphasizes the molecular influences and cellular interactions involved in specification, differentiation and regeneration. Topics include: descriptive and experimental approaches in development, methodologies in stem cell research, embryonic and adult stem cells, stem cell cloning, cell reprogramming and cancer stem cells. Laboratory sessions will explore topics at the intersection of developmental biology and stem cells, and will use a variety of model organisms. A mini-research project is required. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or 173 or equivalent.

BIOL 327 Advanced Microbiology (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of the field of microbiology, emphasizing the principles of medical microbiology and human symbioses. Included in the discussion will be additional focus on disease, treatment, emerging infectious diseases, biotechnology and global public health. Topics will be discussed using lectures, short lab periods, case studies and problem-based learning. Prerequisites: BIOL 240 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2025)

BIOL 337 Immunology (3 SH)

An examination of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate recognition and response in the human immune system. Topics include innate immunity, antibody function, antigen presentation, gene rearrangements, T and B cell development, and mechanisms of tolerance. Additional topics include immune reactions in allergies, HIV, and cancer. Prerequisite: BIOL 240.

BIOL 358 Natural History of the Shenandoah Valley (4 SH)

This course focuses on identification and understanding of the flora, fauna, and geology of the Shenandoah Valley. Students investigate general principles of natural history while simultaneously developing a sense of "place" in the local region. Laboratories rely heavily on field trips. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 173 or permission of instructor. (Fall 2023)

BIOL 364 Entomology: Vector Biology and Control (3 SH)

This public health entomology course provides an overview of insect classification and biology with an emphasis on vectors that cause human disease and current methods being implemented around the globe to control vector borne disease transmission.  Emphasis will be placed on the identification and basic biology (life cycle, reproduction, host-seeking behavior) of major insect vectors and pests as well as the transmission cycles of pathogens spread by major arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks.  Additional topics include the role of ecology and environmental factors (including climate change) on the spread of vector borne disease and the evaluation of vector control techniques in terms of their efficacy, feasibility and ethical and ecological implications. Vector-borne diseases of plants and animals as well as  agricultural impacts of pest insects will also be covered. Laboratory work focuses on classification of insects to orders and common families, insect behavior and physiology, and experimental methodology used to evaluate control strategies.  Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Fall 2024)

BIOL 368 Blue Ridge Botany (2 SH)

This course involves the study and appreciation of plants in their natural environments. Emphasis is placed on species found in the mountains in and around Rockingham County. Topics include plant development, reproduction, identification, taxonomy, and community ecology. We also discuss how environmental factors affect plant growth, distribution, and assemblage into communities. The course will include several field trips. Prerequisites: BIOL 155, BIOL 173, or instructor approval. This course meets for 7 weeks. (Fall 2023)

BIOL 369 Teaching of Biology (1-2 SH)

Practical experience in teaching of biology by working with a faculty member in a biology course. May include proctoring in self-paced courses, tutoring, assisting in the preparation and supervision of laboratories, or other teaching functions. A written self-evaluation is required. Prerequisite: consent of the instructor.

BIOL 395 Bioinformatics (2 SH)

This course teaches the bioinformatics skills used in academic and biotech laboratories for analyzing individual DNA and protein sequences. The focus is extensive hands-on experience using mainstream web-based bioinformatics tools. Laboratory based course that addresses biological questions by analyzing sequences, searching databases, using sophisticated software, and interpreting results. Prerequisites: BIOL 240. (Spring 2024)
Core: TI

BIOL 429 Biology Internship (1-3 SH)

This course serves as a practical application of biological principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student’s particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization. Open to junior or senior level general biology track majors only.
Core: CE

BIOL 437 Advanced Human Anatomy (4 SH)

Anatomical study of body systems using human cadaver materials. Histological studies are correlated with the above anatomical studies. Laboratory work includes dissection, osteology and microscopy. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 215 or instructor permission. (BMC 612)

BIOL 447 Advanced Human Physiology (4 SH)

Investigative study of selected body systems including neuro-muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and endocrine physiology. Extensive laboratory work emphasizes quantification and experimentation while using live materials and physiologic instrumentation. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or 173. (BMC 562)

BIOL 451 Neuropsychology (3 SH)

Survey of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including loss of function studies and the function of sensory receptors and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the role of general neurophysiological principles that affect human behavior. (PSYC 451) (Spring 2024)
Core: NS

BIOL 478 Advanced Neurobiology (3 SH)

This course explores the interdisciplinary field of neuroscience with an emphasis on the biology of the nervous system. It includes the structure of the nervous system, how neurons communicate electrically and chemically, sensory systems, motor systems, and the neural basis of behavior. Two lecture periods and one lab per week. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or BIOL 173. (Spring 2025)

BIOL 479 Biology Research (1-3 SH)

Multi-semester research under the direction of a faculty member. Pre- or co-requisite: BIOL 255 and an annual safety training outside of class. Instructor permission required and dependent on student application.

BIOL 485 Science and Ethics (2 SH)

Explores the relationship between science, faith, and the major frameworks of philosophical ethics. Issues such as the evolutionary basis for morality, human nature, environmental ethics, clinical ethics, and bioethics are examined. A "worldview" reflective paper is required. Restricted to students majoring in the biology, chemistry, and biochemistry programs or by instructor permission.
Core: WI

BIOL 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

BIST 212 And the Word Became Book-History of the Bible (3 SH)

Beginning with ways God's revelation is explained, this class follows the story of the Bible from oral tradition to written and copies texts, to collection and canonization, translation, dissemination through mission, and textual study, to modern versions of the Bible. Students also survey approaches to biblical interpretation and reflect on their own stories with the Bible in light of what they have learned about its own story.
Core: BR

BIST 223 Four Portraits of Jesus-Reading the Gospels (3 SH)

Students explore the texts of the four canonical gospels, using narrative, inductive, and comparative approaches to deepen their knowledge of and insight about four ways that early believers told the stories of the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus. Through participation in contemporary community settings, students will reflect on ways that the gospel/good news can be visible in our own contexts. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR, CE

BIST 323 Life and Letters of Apostle Paul (3 SH)

This course surveys Paul's writings, the deutero-Pauline writings, and the account of Paul's life in Acts. It considers central themes in Paul's missiological and theological efforts, and introduces students to methods of biblical exegesis, including learning by peer reviews of each other's interpretational work. Students reflect on Paul's proclamation of the faithfulness of God in Jesus Christ and the faith response of humans to God's work. (Spring 2024)
Core: BR, WI

BIST 341 Old Testament Studies (3 SH)

This course invites students to explore a portion of the Hebrew Bible (e.g., Genesis- Exodus, Jeremiah, Job, Psalms) and provides an introduction to biblical interpretation and exegesis. Drawing on historical study, literary analysis, and dialogue with Jewish and other perspectives, students will develop their understanding of how these Old Testament texts continue to shape Christian faith and practice. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR

BIST 412 Elementary Hebrew (3 SH)

This course introduces biblical Hebrew grammar and vocabulary. Students will memorize the most frequently occurring vocabulary and grammatical forms for ease of reading biblical texts, and will read basic narrative prose passages from the Hebrew Bible. Lecture videos based on a textbook are provided online; class time focuses on reading and practice exercises using a workbook and other resources. (BVOT 532) (Does not satisfy EMU Core Language Learning Requirement.) Prerequisite: senior status or permission of instructor.

BIST 423 Elementary Greek (3 SH)

This course is a basic introduction to the language of the Greek New Testament. The course focuses on the basic grammar necessary for reading/translating the Greek New Testament as well as for doing more advanced Greek studies. Through classroom study, written exercises, quizzes and readings in the Gospel of John, students develop ability in discovering the form and function of words/phrases, build a basic vocabulary and discover the value of language study for biblical interpretation. (BVNT 531) (Does not satisfy EMU Core Language Learning Requirement.) Prerequisite: senior status or permission of instructor.

BIST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

BISTL 380 Biblical Perspectives (3 SH)

This course reflects the commitment of Eastern Mennonite University as a Christian, liberal arts university, to nurture an appreciation for the rich resources of the scriptures for creative personal faith and human life in the modern world. It is designed to foster knowledge and understanding of the literature and history of the Bible and the integration of faith, learning, and living.  Offered through Lancaster

BUAD 101 Business at EMU (3 SH)

Explore the fundamentals of business and entrepreneurship through a practical lens. Learn about the core purpose of business and the role of the organization in society while examining the primary areas of operations including finance, marketing, accounting, production, distribution, human resources, communication, technology, and leadership. Students assess and develop their own skills and abilities with a focus on developing business-oriented written and oral communication skills along with business etiquette.

BUAD 221 Principles of Management (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the principles and practices of management. Management is examined in its major functions: planning, leading, organizing and controlling. Examples from businesses and other organizations are reviewed to understand how these principles apply. Other courses in the curriculum build on the knowledge and understanding developed in this course.
Core: SB

BUAD 301 Quantitative Decision Making (3 SH)

An examination of quantitative techniques used in managerial decision making. Topics include use of probability distributions, forecasting, inventory planning, decision tables, decision trees, linear programming and networks. The course will emphasize applications using computer spreadsheets and software. Prerequisites: STAT 120, CIS 211, and Major GPA of 2.50 or better.

BUAD 331 Organizational Behavior (3 SH)

This course studies the management of human behavior in organizations. Behavioral topics include group dynamics, motivation, communication, ethical leadership, self-managed teams, and sustainability. Management topics include a review of managerial functions, planning and decision-making techniques, and organizational design. This course relies heavily on the case study method and effective communications skills to equip students for managerial and leadership roles. Prerequisite: BUAD 221 or PSYC 221.
Core: WI

BUAD 411 Business Law (3 SH)

This course is designed to give students a working knowledge of important legal issues that affect the rights and responsibilities of American business persons and organizations. Students will develop an appreciation for the interrelationship between ethics, law and business decision-making. Students will develop an understanding of the foundation of the legal system as it relates to business; the law on management of the workforce; and the various dispute resolution alternatives.

BUAD 441 International Business (3 SH)

This course explores international business from the perspective of economic markets, trade, finance, and the influences of differences in macro-cultures on business decisions. The course begins with an overview of economic institutions that provide the context for international business and current economic theory on trade and finance. Students then consider and learn how culture influences organizational decisions related to strategy and operations. Throughout the course, students will analyze how decisions may differentially impact stakeholders and how they fit within these systems. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212. (ECON 411) (Spring 2025)

BUAD 461 Strategic Leadership in Organizations (3 SH)

Strategic Leadership in Organizations is a capstone course, intended to draw upon content learned in previous courses, such as management, accounting and finance, and marketing. It is primarily a course in business values and strategy and is designed to teach analytical thinking while understanding concepts of business strategy and competition. Important themes include effective and ethical leadership, sustainable business strategy and the role of organizational values. Prerequisite: Senior standing and departmental admission.
Core: CE

BUAD 465 Project Management (3 SH)

Most organizations accomplish their mission and manage much of their work through projects. This requires specific skills to manage not only individual projects but often a complex web of multiple and interrelated programs, working skillfully with diverse stakeholders, against demanding deadlines, and with limited resources. Students will improve their capacity to balance the art and science of managing projects by building technical competencies and adopting best practices of leadership and management, all through an integrated lens of leadership for the common good. (OLS 665)

BUAD 470-475 Topics in Business (3 SH)

Special topics courses are offered based on student and/or faculty interest, or to address significant contemporary issues in the field. Topics that have in the past been offered or considered include: entrepreneurship, microfinance, money and banking, and social media marketing, BUAD 471 Topics in Business-Nonprofit Management (3 SH) Offered in alternate years

BUAD 481 Business Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give business administration majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for business administration majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

BUAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CCSCL 450 Intercultural Perspectives (3 SH)

This course focuses on the development of global awareness, faith, and management as it relates to intercultural understanding. Students will be challenged to look beyond their own culture and understand social systems and institutions from the perspective of people in another culture. Experiential learning will take place as students participate in an off-campus, intercultural experience in a culture that is different from the students' majority orientation. Offered through Lancaster

CE 165 Networking and Data Communication (2 SH)

An introduction to networking and the Internet. Topics include TCP/IP and other network protocols, standard data formats including web standards such as HTML and CSS, client/ server applications, network infrastructure, and security.

CE 175 Architecture and Operating Systems (4 SH)

An introduction to computer hardware and system software. Topics include digital logic, computer organization and architecture, interfacing and communication, memory management, scheduling and resource allocation, and concurrency. Previous programming experience recommended.

CE 330-335 Topics in Computer Engineering (2-4 SH)

The department will offer at least one Topics course each year with the content based on the areas of interest of current students and faculty. The course may be taken for credit repeatedly since the content will vary from year to year. Topics may include: theory of computation, numerical analysis, modeling and simulation, graphics, computer animation, computer vision, advanced algorithmic analysis, cryptography, parallel algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, smart phone technology, hypermedia development, language translation systems, and functional programming.

CE 365 Digital Circuits (3 SH)

This course will introduce students to the tools and techniques behind modern digital logic circuits. We will begin with how basic logic gates are built from transistors, how basic logic gates are used to implement combinational and sequential circuits and such as flip-flops, adders, multiplexers, etc. culminating with circuit design using a microcontroller. (Spring 2025)

CE 375 Software Engineering (2 SH)

Software engineering is the set of interrelated disciplines that are utilized in the development, deployment, maintenance, and usage of enterprise-wide software solutions. This course focuses on the lifecycle of information systems and how that relates to strategic planning and information usage. Several software development lifecycle models will be explored as students participate in generating logical programming designs. Prerequisites: CS 255 and CS 275. (Fall 2023)

CHEM 105 Chemistry for the Life Sciences (2 SH)

This courses addresses basic concepts of chemistry as they pertain to the health sciences and is a good preparation for students who intend to pursue a career in nursing. This course will cover topics such as making measurements, dimensional analysis, atomic structure, types of bonding, as well as some introduction to reactions, particularly acids and bases. Prerequisite: high school algebra or equivalent. This course meets for 7 weeks.

CHEM 155 Matter and Energy (3 SH)

This course addresses basic concepts of chemistry and physics in the context of social, environmental, and political issues. This course will cover topics such as atomic structure and bonding, the physics of energy, chemical reactions in air and water, and the nature of scientific inquiry. Two lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: high school algebra or equivalent and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

CHEM 223 General Chemistry I (4 SH)

A study of water, solutions, atomic and molecular structure, chemical bonding, and chemical reactions. Laboratory work involves quantitative, computational, and spectroscopic analyses of chemical systems that are relevant to the 'real world'. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and high school chemistry or equivalent; minimum SAT score of 530 math and 1080 composite or ACT score of 22 math and 21 total. Students without the minimum SAT or ACT score must first pass MATH 114 College Algebra with a grade of B or higher.

CHEM 224 General Chemistry II (4 SH)

A careful study of chemical reactions with respect to enthalpy, entropy, equilibrium, kinetics, and electrochemistry. Laboratory work involves the student-directed development of a technique for the quantitative and spectroscopic analyses of an environmentally important substance. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 285 Environmental Chemistry (4 SH)

An introduction to concepts in atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial chemistry, pollution, and energy production and consumption. Students and faculty work together with members of the community at large to investigate local environmental issues, and to educate the community about these issues. Laboratory work includes common field sampling and analytical techniques, and statistical analysis of chemical data. Students are expected to design, conduct, and report on experimentation to confirm measurements of environmental analytes using multiple strategies. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE

CHEM 305 Alternative Energy (2 SH)

This course will address understanding some of the current and emerging "energy alternatives" by looking at the chemistry underlying each means of energy production. Topics addressed will fall into three broad categories: electrochemistry (photovoltaics, fuel cells, batteries, etc.), thermodynamics (fuels) and nuclear chemistry. The course will have several short laboratory exercises to provide a hands-on introduction to several energy sources and students will pursue an in-depth project. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2025)

CHEM 315 Organic Chemistry I (4 SH)

Organic chemistry is the study of the relationship between the three-dimensional structure and the reactivity of carbon compounds. The chemical and physical properties of organic compounds will be linked to an understanding of orbital theory, electronegativity, strain, and sterics. Reactions of simple organic compounds will be described in terms of electron movement (mechanisms) and kinetic vs. thermodynamic parameters. The laboratory will emphasize development of purification, isolation, and identification techniques, particularly chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. Three lectures and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class.
Core: NS

CHEM 316 Organic Chemistry II (4 SH)

This class builds on the reactions and mechanisms described in CHEM 315 so that 'new' mechanisms can be deduced based on the key principles of conformational preference, sterics, polarity and bond strength. Aromatic compounds as well as oxygen and nitrogen containing compounds are studied so that the chemistry of biomolecules can be introduced. Structure determination of increasingly complex compounds by instrumental techniques, such as GC-MS, NMR, and IR, will also be emphasized. The laboratory will involve multi- step transformations, purifications, and advanced structure determination using primarily instrumental techniques. Three lectures and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 315 and an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 325 Analytical Chemistry I (2 SH)

An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Gravimetric and Titrimetric analysis, Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, Advanced GCMS and ion-selective electrodes. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2024) Core: TI

CHEM 345 Analytical Chemistry II (2 SH)

An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Atomic spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy including multi-dimensional analysis and nuclei beyond C and H, HPLC. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2023)
Core: TI

CHEM 405 Thermodynamics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Topics include gases, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, chemical and phase equilibria in single and multi-component systems, chemical reaction rate laws, and mechanisms. Prerequisite: two semesters of math, recommended completion of MATH 195. (PHYS 405) (Spring 2025)

CHEM 406 Quantum Mechanics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of basic QM as related to atomic and molecular structures. Topics include application of the Schrodinger equation to model systems, hydrogenic wave functions, approximation methods, models of chemical bonding, and spectroscopy. Prerequisite: two semesters of math including MATH 195 or instructor permission. (PHYS 406) (Spring 2024)

CHEM 479 Chemistry/Biochemistry Research (1-3 SH)

Research under the direction of a faculty member. Permission required since enrollment is limited. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CHMUS 211 Music for the Congregation (3 SH)

This course will address the topic of music in congregational life from the perspective of both the pastor and the musician.  Students will study basic historical trends and theological concepts that contribute to the current horizons of music in church life.  Additionally, students will learn the foundational musical concepts needed for success in their vocational area.  Strong emphasis will be placed on the scope and use of various worship and music resources.  To allow for deeper engagement at both the graduate and undergraduate levels, seminary and music department students will be paired in a culminating project for the course. (SMCL 640)
Core: CA

CHMUS 490 Church Music Internship (1-2 SH)

Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music-related fields according to their areas of interest.

CHST 101 Small Group Ministry Practicum I (1 SH)

This practicum experience provides an opportunity for students to explore and develop interests in church leadership and ministry. Enrollment is limited to Ministry Assistants (MAs), who are required to lead weekly small groups in residence halls or off-campus.

CHST 212 Introduction to Youth Ministry (3 SH)

Do you believe that the average North American youth has experienced hurt and a sense of abandonment by the adult culture? Drawing from Chap Clark's text, Hurt 2.0, we will explore this theory as we become familiar with current issues in North American youth culture. The basics of ministry for working with youth, prevention of sexual abuse, theories of adolescent faith development and self-care for youth workers are also taught. If you have an interest in working with young people in your profession this course is for you. Learning from guest speakers and observation of local youth work will also be a part of this course.
Core: BR

CHST 223 Spiritual Formation, Sacred Pauses (3 SH)

In the midst of a crazy paced world would you like to find some peace? Join us on a journey of Christian spiritual formation where we search for daily spaces that April Yamasaki calls "Sacred Pauses." Using texts by Yamasaki and Foster we will learn to practice twelve spiritual disciplines, such as prayer, simplicity and meditation and we will discern their impact on our inward and outward journeys of faith. A weekly small group experience, a day-long silent retreat, and periodic meetings with a spiritual director are also part of this course.
Core: BR

CHST 234 Mission in a Changing World (3 SH)

In a promising and perilous world that is constantly being reshaped by global economic realities, environmental degradation, endless conflicts, instant communication, and mass migration, the faithful church seeks to witness to the good news of the Kingdom of God. This course examines features of the high-risk, exploratory, and experimental nature of effective mission movements that have engaged the world in similar times of challenge and opportunity. Using insights from innovations demonstrated by Jesus, Paul, and many others through history including the early Anabaptists, students will examine, critique, design, and advocate appropriate approaches to mission in our present and future world.

CHST 260 Teaching, Ministry, and Healthy Sexuality (3 SH)

This course explores the meaning and purpose of human sexuality from a theological perspective. It is designed to meet curriculum requirements for Physical Education, Education, Bible and Religion majors, and to serve other students whose career interests include working with youth. It will prepare students to teach/lead/minister with youth and young adults on sexuality-related questions, including learning how to avoid and prevent sexual harassment and abuse. Sophomore standing required for enrollment. (HE 260)

CHST 312 Missiology (3 SH)

This course is designed to introduce students to the interdisciplinary field of missiology by examining Christian mission, as well as the issues raised by its critics, from various perspectives. These perspectives include biblical foundations of mission, a historical overview of missions, critical reflections on empire and globalization, current issues in mission, practical applications, and personal considerations for intercultural missionaries.
Core: BR, CE

CHST 334 Almost Christian-Youth Ministry In Congregations (3 SH)

What does the faith of North American teens tell the North American church? Kenda Creasy Dean's textbook, Almost Christian, shows that the faith of the average American teen is not theologically sound, but is "Almost Christian." How does youth ministry address this challenge? This course will focus on congregationally based youth ministry that moves beyond an emphasis on programming, to ministry that is relational, innovative and community and congregationally based. Learning to involve the entire congregation in youth ministry and mentoring programs, as well as becoming familiar with baptismal and church membership materials for youth will also be a part of this course. 

CHST 365 Mennonite History and Thought (3 SH)

A survey of the Anabaptist movement and Mennonites throughout the world from the sixteenth to twenty-first centuries. Issues include pacifism, wealth, political participation, community and tensions between faith and the dominant culture. Particular attention is given to the Anabaptist vision and its relevance for 21st century American life. (HIST 365) (Spring 2025)

CHST 372 Church Leadership for Transformation (3 SH)

What is the role of a faithful church and its leaders in today's conflicted world? Learn how God is using prophetic voices to provide congregational leadership in these days of church decline. Practice practical skills as you design a worship service, preach a sermon, learn about rituals of congregational life, interact with local church leaders and visit area churches. (Fall 2024)
Core: BR

CHST 435 Martyrs, Merchants, and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

This course surveys stories of Christianity, from the first century of the Common Era up to the dawn of the Protestant Reformation. It describes successes and failures, traditions and innovations, as Christians spread west into Europe, east toward China, and south into Africa. Students will consider questions Christians have struggled with and evaluate choices Christians have made. Thinking about poverty and wealth, enculturation in mission, peace and war, church and state, women and men throughout these stories will allow intersections with 21st-century Christian realities. (HIST 435).

CHST 451 Church Work Practicum (3 SH)

Would you like to experience the inner workings of a congregation, and test your gifts for ministry? A program of study and supervised field experience in a congregation, church agency or related ministry. Special emphasis is placed on personal development for ministry, developing leadership skills and experiencing the many facets of ministry in the congregation.
Core: CE

CHST 462 Mission Practicum (3 SH)

The purpose of the practicum is first-hand involvement in Christian ministry and witness in an intercultural setting. Radical Journey, SALT, and YES and other similar short-term programs may meet this requirement if arrangements are made with an adviser before beginning the placement. Summer placements in global South settings, or participation in a Washington Community Scholars' Center internship or other urban context are encouraged. Religion and intercultural studies minors may integrate their practicum with a required practicum in their major, or within a semester-long intercultural, if arrangements are made beforehand with an advisor.

CHST 473 Youth Ministry Practicum (3 SH)

Would you like to experience the challenge of hands-on ministry with youth? Participate in a supervised field experience in a congregation, camp or related ministry. The focus of the practicum is to gain first-hand experience working with youth, and to learn leadership skills and to grow in personal development.
Core: CE

CHST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CIS 211 Spreadsheet and Data Management (1 SH)

Organizing, managing, and communicating data is critical in organizations today. Leaders and researchers with sound knowledge of the information contained in their data are better equipped to make strategic decisions and answer the complex questions in their discipline. This course provides a requisite skillset for using spreadsheet applications (Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets) for data analysis and a deeper set of tools for broad information management. This course is relevant to students of any major where data management and statistical analysis is helpful in their field. This course is typically offered fall and spring semesters with a choice of in-person or online/asynchronous, and only online/ asynchronous during the summer term.
Core: QR, TI

CIS 251 Management Information Systems (3 SH)

An introduction to information resources within the context of an organization. The course focuses on the ways in which technology enables business to function more efficiently. Topics include the strategic importance of information, the technical components of information systems, and the business value created by using information systems. Prerequisites or corequisites: BUAD 221 and CIS 211.

CIS 321 Advanced Spreadsheets (1 SH)

This course focuses on automation of complex tasks and analyses in the spreadsheet environment. The course builds proficiency in tools for managing data sets and solving complex problems using the data. The course also builds introductory programming skills through the use of macros and Visual Basic. Course learning is project-based. Prerequisites: CIS 211 and any STAT course. (Spring 2025)

CMUS 114 Appreciating Music Making (3 SH)

Focusing on experiential learning, this class introduces music from the insider's perspective in order for students to explore creative processes involved in music making. Class content is organized topically, including notation systems, ensembles, composition, improvisation, music philosophies, film music, and music and worship from both Western and non-Western perspectives. Students will develop informed listening skills and cultivate an appreciation for the many contexts of music in our daily lives. Familiarity with music notation is not required. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well.  (Offered through EMU Harrisonburg as a 2 SH course, CMUS 116.)

CMUS 116 Appreciating Music Making (2 SH)

Music is one of the most fundamental and powerful forms of human creativity and expression. Through an exploration of classical music, pop music, jazz, rock, rap, world music and more, we will learn to understand the colorful tapestry of musical language across various styles, genres, and eras. In this course, we will feature live performances, watch video, listen to audio, and participate in interactive activities in order to enrich our classroom experience and gain a greater understanding and deeper love for the art of music. (Offered through EMU Lancaster as a 3 SH course, CMUS 114.)
Core: CA

CMUS 120 Music Fundamentals (3 SH)

A music fundamentals course open to students of all disciplines. Musical literacy is not required, as the course will introduce students to the skills needed to read and write Western music notation, as well as to understand, analyze, and listen. Topics include pitches and scales, intervals, clefs, rhythm, form, meter, phrases and cadences, and basic harmony. Majors and minors may be excused from this course or sections of it by examination.

CMUS 181 Music Theory I (3 SH)

Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the theory of major Western musical styles from the Middle Ages to 1800, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. The course starts with series counterpoint and moves to part writing, harmonic analysis, and musical form. The ability to read music is required. Prerequisite: CMUS 120.

CMUS 200 Landscape of Music (0 SH)

A required course for all music majors to be registered each on-campus semester, with the following objectives: to prepare students to be successful music majors, to model the unity of the various aspects of musicianship, and to develop a style of learning that will lead to successful end-of-the-year performance assessments.

CMUS 201 Topics in Music-World Music (2 SH)

World Music is a broad survey course. Through reading, listening, practical experience and discussion, students will acquire a broad understanding of a very expansive field. The course, organized as a tour around the globe, focuses on the unique musical language and expression, the cultural context, and the global significance for each country visited on this ‘tour’. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

CMUS 202 Topics in Music-Folk-Rock to Hip-Hop (2 SH)

From its earliest beginnings in the blues and Tin Pan Alley, all the way up to today's most current artists, American popular music has played a vital role in shaping the cultural landscape of the United States and the world. This course will survey the rich history of American popular music from a cultural, technological, and sociological perspective and explore its various influences. Students will learn elementary music concepts and skills through interactive engagement and will examine the characteristics of various musical styles including country, folk, rock, pop, R&B, rap and more. Through a hands-on exploration of music by artists such as The Beatles, Jimi Hendrix, Beyonce, Tupac Shakur, Harry Styles, Chris Stapleton, and many more, this course provides a foundation for understanding the full and dynamic tapestry of music that continues to impact and shape generations. 
Core: CA

CMUS 203 Topics in Music-Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (2 SH)

In just fifteen years, the Marvel Cinematic Universe has grown to encompass thirty-one films and eight television series, with original scores and soundtracks by over twenty composers. This course will introduce students to the world of film music through the lens of the MCU. Topics covered will include film music history, leitmotifs and character themes, motivic development, orchestration and instrumentation, symphonic world-building, and the compositional process for film music. Discussion of Marvel Comics – their history and social themes – will also be considered. No prior knowledge of music or film history is necessary. (HONRS 311)
Core: CA

CMUS 204 Topics in Music-Introduction to Music Technology (2 SH)

The Music Technology course will allow students to discover and explore introductory concepts used in music sequencing, notation, and recording. This course will provide a detailed explanation of computer music production. Students will develop skills in loop and MIDI production, sampling, digital audio generation, audio recording, editing, and mixing through class instruction and hands-on learning with Ableton Live and Audacity software. No prior experience in music is necessary. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA, TI

CMUS 250 Music History I (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Middle Ages to the Classical Era, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required.
Core: WI

CMUS 260 Music History II (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Classical Era to the present, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required.
Core: WI

CMUS 281 Music Theory II (3 SH)

Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the theory of major Western musical styles from 1800 to present, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. The course covers part writing, harmonic analysis, musical form, and 20th-21st century compositional techniques. The ability to read music is required. Prerequisite: CMUS 181.

CMUS 300 Building a Music Career in the 21st Century (2 SH)

The landscape of music has changed. Being a good performer, composer, and music teacher are only a portion of the skills needed to build a successful music career in the 21st century. In this course students will learn the practical skills and knowledge necessary outside of the music studio to maximize their ability to build a career and life in music. Topics covered will include marketing your music, booking concerts, producing and distributing music, writing arts grants, and learning to engage the community. Offered alternating years. (Spring 2024)

CMUS 411 Conducting I (4 SH)

A comprehensive course that includes beginning conducting techniques (choral and instrumental), score analysis, rehearsal techniques, and an introduction to orchestration. Writing about music (analysis, essays, program notes, reviews, and formal papers) is included in this course. Prerequisite: junior or senior music major or minor, or instructor's permission. Offered in alternate years

CMUS 412 The Compleat Musician (4 SH)

Capstone course for the music major. Semester will culminate with a public performance of selected works for voices and instruments in which each student will perform in an ensemble setting. This course will include continued development of conducting techniques, completion of a choral arrangement, score analysis, historical analysis, program note writing strategies, and development of collaborative skills.

CMUS 440 Seminar (1-3 SH)

Offerings dependent on faculty and student interest. Requires instructor's permission; may be repeated. CMUS 490 Internship (1-2 SH) Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music related fields according to their areas of interest.

CMUS 490 Music Internship (1-3 SH)

Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music related fields according to their areas of interest.
Core: CE

CMUS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CORE 102 Transitions (1 SH)

In this course, students will meet in small groups with their first-year advisers to develop skills to enable a successful transition to EMU and begin to develop their academic, co-curricular, intercultural plans. Assignments, activities, and gatherings will introduce the four Core portfolio themes of Faith and Ethics, Intercultural Understanding, Power and Equity, and Sustainability. Students will develop resumes, set up their EMU portfolios, and earn EMU experience points towards their first EMU Engage credit as they attend orientation activities and events of their choice for class.

CORE 202 Living Well (2 SH)

This largely experiential course invites students to explore their own wellness and well being through the lens of holistic wellness, and supports them in pursuing goals for well-being in a personal growth project. Students will consider various intersecting dimensions of well-being, including physical, social, community, emotional/mental, faith, spiritual, financial, and occupational. Through community-building activities, conversations with expert guests, and work towards individual goals related to various dimensions of health, students will integrate and apply their understandings about well-being in college and beyond as part of their journey to become wise, bridge-building leaders. This course is not available for first-year students and is ideally taken in the second year at EMU. (Education students seeking PreK-3, PreK-6, SPED, or Health and Physical Education (PreK-12) licensure, substitute HE 202 Health and Safety for CORE 201 Life Wellness.)

CORE 300 Power, Systems, and Justice (3 SH)

The class will focus on race, gender, economic inequality, class, and other dimensions of identity and difference. Students will understand and analyze the ways structural inequality shapes their lives and the lives of those around them. The course identifies and builds skills for individuals to work toward equity in their own professional and personal lives. Students will have the opportunity to develop creative and ethical ways of strategically disrupting and transforming unjust systems. To be taken by students in the junior or senior year. Also fulfilled by SOWK 360 Race and Gender, WCSC 387 Race, Space, and Inequality (WCSC), or WCSC 388 La Lucha Latina (WCSC).

CORE 301 Transfer Portfolio (1 SH, if offered)

This course will enable transfer students to bridge the narratives of their education journey prior to and after arriving at EMU. Assignments, activities, and gatherings will introduce the four Core portfolio themes of Faith and Ethics, Intercultural Understanding, Power and Equity, and Sustainability. Students will develop resumes, set up their EMU portfolios, and earn EMU experience points towards their first EMU Engage credit as they attend events of their choice for class. Available only to transfer students. (Not offered in 2023-24).

CORE 302 University Research (1 SH)

This course is recommended for transfer students who have fulfilled their College Writing requirement prior to enrollment at EMU. Students participate in a guided study to be oriented to EMU's digital resources and research expectations as they complete a single research project. Students complete the study within 4-7 weeks during the first or second session of their first semester.

CORE 401 Senior Seminar (2 SH)

This team-taught course provides an opportunity for students to reflect on their life journeys and synthesize their undergraduate experience as they consider their transition from EMU. The course focuses on identity formation, the process of being and becoming, and finding voice. A chosen theme frames volitional and reflective inquiry. Registration is limited to students in their final year of enrollment.

CORE 402 Senior Portfolio (1 SH)

In this course, to be taken in their final semester on campus, students will connect with a group of seniors from across the university and a member of the staff, administration, or faculty as they curate the materials in their portfolio and craft narratives about their time at EMU. Students will update resumes, create outward-facing versions of their portfolios, and consider how they would respond to interview questions related to EMU Core outcomes with examples from their time at EMU. This course may also provide a space for students to explore content related to stewardship, leadership, and basics of survival after college. Curriculum to be developed in collaboration with Career Services and in consultation with Writing Program Director.

CS 105 Intro to Computer Science (2 SH)

A lab-based course designed to tour the modern world of computing, this course introduces the major areas of computer science, including data representation, computer hardware, programming languages, algorithms, operating systems, computer networks, and ethics in computing.
Core: TI

CS 145 Introduction to Programming (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the basic concepts of programming, problem-solving, and design techniques using the object-oriented language Python.
Core: TI

CS 155 Programming in Python (2 SH)

Students will apply basic programming concepts with more extensive programs and create a final project of the student's choice in Python. Prerequisite: CS 145 or other programming experience.
Core: TI

CS 245 Programming in Java (2 SH)

Students will apply basic programming concepts, while introducing the Java language. Prerequisite: CS 145 or other programming experience.

CS 255 Intermediate Programming (2 SH)

An introduction to structured object-oriented programming techniques using the Java programming language. Students will write Java programs to implement a variety of algorithms for searching, sorting, and numerical computations. Input/output will use the console and graphical user interface components, text files, and image files. Prerequisite: CS 245 or other Java programming experience.

CS 265 Databases and Information Management (2 SH)

A course in the design and querying of database systems. Topics include design principles, normalization, entity relationship models, and use of SQL for database access and management. Previous programming experience recommended.

CS 275 Web Applications (2 SH)

A project-based course exploring the design of database-backed interactive web sites and applications. Students will use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and libraries to build the client side along with SQL, PHP, and various back-end technologies to build the corresponding server side of a web site or application. Prerequisites: CE 165 and CS 265.

CS 315 Network Security (2 SH)

This course will cover technologies and systems to learn how to build, manage and protect large and complex networks. Students will understand the emerging technologies and business models of a leading-edge evolving cyber environment. The course content prepares students for relevant certifications in the field. (Spring 2025)

CS 330-335 Topics in Computing (2-4 SH)

The department will offer at least one Topics course each year with the content based on the areas of interest of current students and faculty. The course may be taken for credit repeatedly since the content will vary from year to year. Topics may include: theory of computation, numerical analysis, modeling and simulation, graphics, computer animation, computer vision, advanced algorithmic analysis, cryptography, parallel algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, smart phone technology, hypermedia development, language translation systems, and functional programming.

CS 345 Data Structures (2 SH)

Basic data structures are introduced in this course, including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, etc. Students are required to implement various data structures. Prerequisite: CS 255. (Fall 2024)

CS 355 Advanced Data Structures (2 SH)

This course continues the topics covered in CS 345 with data structures such as trees and other graphs. An introduction to basic algorithm analysis and design techniques, including divide-and-conquer and greedy algorithms. Prerequisite: CS 345 and MATH 170. (Spring 2025)

CS 365 System Administration (2 SH)

An overview of the management and maintenance of organizational computing infrastructure including hardware, operating system, network, database and application software. Topics include installation, configuration, routine maintenance tasks, client/server application management, automation, and user support. Prerequisite: CE 165 and CS 265. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

CS 445 Analysis of Algorithms (2 SH)

A more in-depth look at algorithms including dynamic programming, network flow, and an exploration of NP completeness. Prerequisites: CS 355. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

CS 455 Programming Languages (2 SH)

The formal study of programming language design and specification. Design principles are emphasized and evaluated in the context of the historical development of computing languages. Topics include design principles, study of actual languages, the run-time environment, translation, and programming in various programming languages and paradigms. Prerequisite: CS 345. (Fall 2023)

CS 460 Big Data Analysis (4 SH)

Rapid advances in digital sensors, networks, storage, and computation, along with their availability at low cost, are leading to the creation of large data sets. This course provides an introduction to the definitions, principles, and defacto standard and industrial frameworks for handling these large datas. Among the multitude of software platforms, the course will utilize Hadoop, Spark, Pig, and ROOT, and will interact with Python and C++ programming to resolve practical problems and experiment with data-analysis algorithms. (Fall 2023)
Core: CI

CS 475 Capstone Project (2 SH)

This course provides a platform for senior students to work on a semester-long, team project under the guidance of CS or engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: CE 375.

CS 488 Computer Science Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience gives students an opportunity to gain valuable practical experience. Consulting with the faculty advisor guides them in integrating theory and practice to maximize learning. Travel and other expenses are the student's responsibility. Internship opportunities are available through EMU's Washington Community Scholars' Center and organizations in the Harrisonburg area. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisite: junior or senior status.
Core: CE

CS 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in computer science. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: faculty approval. 

ECON 201 Survey of Economics (3 SH)

An introductory economics course to help students understand economic policy and how/ why goods and services are produced, distributed, and consumed. In addition to learning the tools and methods of economic analysis, this course examines the mechanisms, controls, and limits of economic activity in society and the interplay between markets, governments, and nature. Economics is a field and discipline (like sociology or psychology) that tries to explain why people, governments and countries do what they do; consequently, it is an important part of a liberal arts education. This is an introductory economics course for non-economics majors. This course is typically taught in-person during fall semesters and online/asynchronous during the summer term.
Core: SB

ECON 211 Principles of Microeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to the forces affecting the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services by households and businesses and their interaction with government. It also examines the strengths and limitations of the market system.
Core: SB

ECON 212 Principles of Macroeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to economics as a way of thinking with a focus on understanding how the economy as a whole functions. Major topics include economic growth, unemployment, and inflation in a mixed market system.
Core: SB

ECON 300 Environmental and Ecological Economics (3 SH)

Students will study many of the "gifts of nature" and how these scarce resources are used, and sometimes abused, by human activity. Students will review a wide variety of topics, primarily through the lens of economic analysis, learning the methods and tools necessary to measure resource flow and value. Most ecological issues, however, are inherently interdisciplinary; therefore social, political, scientific, moral, and theological perspectives will also be part of integrated learning. Integrated throughout the course will be filters to discover how markets allocate natural resources, why and how governments intervene in markets on environmental grounds, the appropriateness and effectiveness of public policies in this area, and testing knowledge and learning against benchmarks of overall and global sustainability. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

ECON 311 Contemporary Economic Issues (3 SH)

This course examines the economic aspects of contemporary and controversial issues with social, political, and/or environmental implications. Topics may include deficits and debt, social security, the environment and energy policy, and healthcare, among others. Students will use economic theory, tools, and empirical analysis to identify, compare, and debate policy options that address the many dimensions of these issues while they also refine their own positions and arguments. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

ECON 331 History of Economic Thought (3 SH)

Survey of the various perspectives and writers on the development of economic thought. Examines the historical context from which the various perspectives arose and the role each played in shaping contemporary economic views. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212 or consent of instructor.

ECON 341 Intermediate Microeconomics (3 SH)

Intermediate level analysis of supply and demand and the role of the price mechanism in organizing economic activity. Includes an evaluation of efficiency and equity issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211. (Fall 2024)

ECON 342 Intermediate Macroeconomics (3 SH)

Intermediate level analysis of the determinants of national income, output, employment, interest rates and the price level. Examines problems and policies related to unemployment, inflation, growth, and debt within the global economy. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 212. (Fall 2023)

ECON 401 Development Economics (3 SH)

An investigation into the choices of low-income countries that seek development and growth. Explores theories of development and underdevelopment. Tools of economic analysis are applied to development issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212.
Core: WI

ECON 411 International Economics (3 SH)

A study of the theory and methods of international trade and how trade is financed emphasizing the applied aspects of trade policy. Examines the causes and consequences of free trade and trade barriers, foreign exchange, factor movements, financial markets and instruments, and balance of payments. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212. (BUAD 441) (Spring 2025)

ECON 481 Economics Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give economics majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for economics majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

ECON 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ED 101 Exploring Teaching (2 SH)

An exploratory course designed to provide the student a means for self-assessment as a potential teacher. Learning activities include active engagement, participation in school settings, and pedagogies centered on an ethic of care, restorative justice in education, constructivism, reflective practice, and expanding literacies for the 21^st century. (A 20 hr practicum is included.) (1 SH content; 1SH practicum)
Core: CE

ED 221 Professional Field Experience (Early Childhood) (2 SH)

A participatory experience in nursery or preschools. Required reading and seminars. Travel expenses are the student's responsibility. Prerequisite: permission from program director.

ED 235 Curriculum and Organization in Early Education (4 SH)

Surveys elementary school curriculum with an emphasis on the priorities and developmentally appropriate instructional practices of early childhood educators. Introduces the critical skills of daily, weekly, and long-term lesson planning, the integration of the arts into the core curricula, and the importance of school/home/community relationships. Includes a 20-hour practicum in a pre-school setting. Prerequisite or corequisite: ED 101. (3 SH content; 1 SH practicum)
Core: WI

ED 245 Learning and Classroom Environments (3 SH)

Focuses on the development of classroom environments that facilitate effective learning for learners. Topics include theories about learning, motivation, creating safe learning environments, positive behavior supports, interventions, and the physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development of learners.

ED 252 Learning and Classroom Environments Professional Field Experience (6-12) (1 SH)

A 40-hour professional field experience that focuses on observations and participatory experiences in grades 6-12. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Corequisite: ED 245.
Core: CE

ED 275 Instructional Technology and Assessment (3 SH)

Addresses the design and implementation of technology-enhanced instruction, and the application of technology to assess and monitor learner performance. Topics include principles and practices of effective assessment, the relationship between instruction and assessment, grading systems and practices, and using assessment data to improve instruction and learner performance. Education majors only.
Core: TI

ED 301 Needs of Diverse Learners (3 SH)

Addresses teaching learners with diverse and special needs. Explores student diversity, including, but not limited to, cultural, racial, linguistic, socio-economic, and dis/ability characteristics. Focuses on integrated settings, universal design for learning, differentiation, and collaboration. Pre or corequisite: ED 331, 332, 333 or ED 351.

ED 331 Math in Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Introduces methods of teaching mathematics in grades K-6 with significant attention to planning, instruction and assessment activities which are responsive to the needs of diverse learners. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Participants will be involved in exploration, development and practical applications of inquiry, discovery, directed teaching, use of manipulatives, and other activities designed to prepare them for teaching mathematics in elementary schools. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 332 Science in the Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Active sciencing and teacher resourcefulness are emphasized in planning relevant, meaningful experiences for diverse learners. National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Emphasis is given to the importance of preparing children's learning environments so that science concepts can be taught through inquiry and active participation. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 333 Social Studies in the Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Introduces methods of teaching social studies in the elementary school. National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Multicultural education is stressed and students design a culturally responsive curriculum unit incorporating social studies facts, concepts and generalizations. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 341 Language Arts (2 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of literacy from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. Practica provides opportunities to integrate and apply course content in a classroom setting.

This course examines appropriate strategies to assist diverse readers in constructing meaning from text and ways to use technology to improve literacy skills. Strategies are developed for organizing and using space, time and materials to promote the development of a literate
environment. Includes a 20-hour practicum in an elementary classroom. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education.

ED 342 Literacy Assessment and Instruction (3 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of reading from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. Practica provides opportunities to integrate and apply course content in a classroom setting.

This course explores the research- and evidence-based elements of phonological awareness, phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, orthography and vocabulary development, comprehension, and writing in literacy instruction. Students utilize various assessment tools to assess literacy development and to design appropriate literacy instruction for diverse learners. Students assess one child’s literacy development to plan and implement appropriate tutoring instruction, including communication with caregivers. Includes a 20-hour practicum in an elementary tutoring setting. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education. 
Core:  CE

ED 343 Content Area Reading and Writing (2 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of reading from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. Practica provides opportunities to integrate and apply course content in a classroom setting.

This course focuses on processes of reading and writing with the Virginia English Standards of
Learning as the framework for instruction. Strategies involving reading and writing across all
content areas are demonstrated, explored, and practiced to meet diverse learner needs. Vocabulary development, writing skills and assessment strategies for socially just teaching are
emphasized. Includes a 20-hour practicum in an elementary classroom. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education.

ED 351 General Curriculum and Methods for Middle and Secondary Teaching (1 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, 385. Focuses on general curriculum and instructional methods, pedagogy, and procedures related to teaching in the 6-12 grade levels. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education.

ED 361 Secondary Methods Professional Field Experience (1 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, and 385. A 60-hour professional field experience in an area high school. Consists of assignments arranged to provide for breadth of experience within the scope of the candidate's content area. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education. Corequisite: ED 351, ED 385.

ED 385 Content Area Methods for Middle and Secondary Teaching (2 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, and 385. Focuses on curriculum and instructional methods for middle/secondary endorsements specific to the content areas of biology, chemistry, computer science, English, history and social science, mathematics, English as a second language, and health. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education. Corequisites: ED 351, ED 361.

ED 395 Reading and Writing in the Content Area (3 SH)

Focuses on processes of language acquisition and reading and writing within the secondary content area. Explores reading and writing within the Virginia English Standards of Learning and a variety of fiction and nonfiction texts that promote literacy in the content areas. Emphasis is placed on understanding reading development, phonemic and phonological awareness, vocabulary development, comprehension strategies, spelling development, and the writing process. Includes a 20-hour practicum in a middle school setting. (2 SH content; 1 SH practicum).

ED 401 Examining Foundations of Education (2 SH)

Examines issues facing American education today. Utilizing a framework that reflects on the historical, philosophical, and sociological foundations, students analyze, synthesize and evaluate issues underlying the role, development, and organization of public education in the United States. Topics include the legal status of teachers and students, professionalism and ethical standards, governance of schools, state assessment and accountability systems, including legal and ethical aspects of assessment. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education.
Core: WI

ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar (1 SH)

Promotes reflective practice on pertinent aspects of the student teaching experience, with particular attention given to the impact on student learning. Addresses professional standards of the teaching profession, including the Virginia child abuse and neglect recognition and intervention training. An capstone electronic portfolio is required. Taken concurrently with student teaching.

ED 421 Student Teaching I-PreK-3 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 422 Student Teaching II-PreK-3 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 423 Student Teaching II-4-6 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 451 Middle School Student Teaching (7 SH)

Consisting of three integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven-week blocks of actual classroom experience at both middle and high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 452 High School Student Teaching (7 SH)

Consisting of three integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven-week blocks of actual classroom experience at both middle and high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 461 Elementary School Student Teaching (PreK-6) (7 SH)

A full semester program for art, English as a second language, health and physical education, foreign language, and music majors consisting of integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week blocks of classroom experience at both elementary and middle or high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 462 Middle/High School Student Teaching (6-12) (7 SH)

A full semester program for art, English as a second language, health and physical education, foreign language, and music majors consisting of integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week blocks of classroom experience at both elementary and middle or high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

EDS 371 Assessment, Evaluation and Planning in Special Education (3 SH)

This course provides students with an understanding of the foundation of assessment and evaluation related to best practice in special education, including types and characteristics of assessment, introduction to formal and informal assessment, and use of assessments and other information to determine special education eligibility, service delivery, curriculum, and instruction of students with disabilities. The course also includes the application of current legal and ethical issues related to assessment selection and use, including comprehensive evaluation requirements, students with disabilities participation in the state and local accountability systems, assessment options, appropriate grading and testing accommodations, and assessment of students from diverse backgrounds. Prerequisites: ED 301. (Spring 2025)

EDS 375 IEP Development and Implementation (3 SH)

This course is designed to provide a working knowledge of the eligibility process, legal, and regulatory requirements of IEP(Individualized Education Program) development including timelines, components, team composition, roles, and responsibilities. The student will develop skills to apply knowledge of assessment and evaluation throughout the K-12 grade levels to construct, use, and interpret a variety of standardized and nonstandardized data collection techniques; to make decisions about student progress, instructional, program, goal development, accommodations, placement, and teaching methodology for students with disabilities who are accessing the general education curriculum and the Virginia Standards of Learning. The student will be able to demonstrate the use of assessment, evaluation, and other information to develop and implement individual educational planning and group instruction with students with disabilities who are accessing the general education curriculum across the K-12 grade levels. Prerequisite: ED 301. (Fall 2025)

EDS 381 Special Education Professional Field Experience (2 SH)

This professional field experience is designed to give students teaching experience in a concentrated 2 1/2-week (6-8 hours a day) placement in a full time educational setting that provides services for students with disabilities accessing the general curriculum in a public or accredited nonpublic school. The course allows students to experience the demands and changing nature of the learning environment from their morning arrival to the end of the work day. Offered summers only

EDS 401 Supporting Positive Classroom Behavior (2 SH)

This course focuses on techniques used to support behavior change in children with disabilities. Systematic, peaceable classroom interventions are presented and students will learn strategies to prevent inappropriate behavior from occurring or escalating. Students are required to demonstrate various classroom behavior management strategies in the classroom and/or in simulations. Offered in alternate years.

EDS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ENGL 210 Reading Fiction (2 SH)

Exploring a mix of older and recent novels and short stories, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from fiction. (Fall 2023)
Core: LI

ENGL 250 Reading Poetry (2 SH)

Focusing mainly on the work of contemporary poets, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from poetry. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 261 Global Literatures 1: Gods and Monsters

In this survey course spanning some of the earliest written documents to those published in the early 1600s, students will encounter thinkers who anticipated many of our own questions about meaning and our place in the universe. Who, if Anyone, created us, and what are our resulting obligations? How do we live in relation to our past? Where are we going, literally and metaphorically? Readings will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but texts may include The Epic of Gilgamesh, the book of Job, the Odyssey, Antigone, Paul’s letter to the church at Rome, The Ramayana, The Canterbury Tales, The Arabian Nights, Journey to the West, Lazarillo de Tormes, and King Lear. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2023, Spring 2025)
Core: LI

ENGL 262 Global Literatures 2: Freedom and Loss

Featuring literature published between 1600 and 1850, this second in a series of global literature courses also functions as a stand-alone offering and considers readings associated with political revolution, freedom, grief and loss, exploration, enlightenment, and colonialism. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative texts include The Aztec-Spanish Dialogues, The Tempest, The Ausbund, Paradise Lost, and The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano; selected poetry by Matsuo Basho, Phillis Wheatley, William Wordsworth, and John Keats; and novels such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 263 Global Literatures 3: Intimacy and Independence

As the global literature sequence’s third offering or a course to be taken on its own, “Intimacy and Independence” focuses on select works of literature published between 1850 and the present that explore the precarious balance between personal autonomy and fruitful relationship. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative writers include Emily Dickinson, Walt Whitman, Fyodor Dostovsky, Leo Tolstoy, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Ella Carla Deloria, Pablo Neruda, Lorraine Hansberry, Miriama Ba, and Uwem Akpan. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 290-295 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These general interest courses may focus on work by a particular author or set of authors, a particular genre such as  drama or the short story, or important issues in critical theory.
Core: LI

ENGL 290 Topics in English-Recovery and Resilience (2 SH)

This seven-week course focusing on themes of recovery and resilience will help students establish and refine skills in reading, analyzing, and applying insights from fiction. In one of each week's two seventy-five-minute class meetings, students will discuss selected short stories by contemporary writer Ron Rash with residents of an addiction recovery program. In the second weekly class, students will gather in a more conventional classroom setting to engage Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment. Graded assignments will include a reading and community-learning reflection journal, two short explication essays, and a final exam. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 312 Ecology and Science Fiction (3 SH)

How do utopic and dystopic visions of the future of our planet affect the way we live in the world? How do these narratives shape our approach to environmental problems today? (Fall 2023)
Core: LI

ENGL 315 Global Conflicts, Global Novels (3 SH)

In this class, students will read five novels about five different regional conflicts happening in the world today, roughly one from each continent. The goal of the course will be to explore how far the arts of novel-writing and novel-reading overlap with the arts of conflict transformation. (Spring 2025) 
Core: LI

ENGL 344 Ways of War and Peace (3 SH)

This course examines the tensions conflicting allegiances to faith and country may pose by focusing on literature from World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam conflict. A survey of Catholic, Protestant, and Anabaptist theological approaches to peacemaking will provide a framework for the course. In addition to keeping reading response journals and delivering oral presentations, each student will prepare transcribed oral histories with a military veteran or conscientious objector. (Fall 2023)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 346 Rooms of Their Own (3 SH)

This course considers a selection of British literary works through the lens of Virginia Woolf's cultural critique in A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas. As we apply that critique to her own fiction as well as texts by her foremothers Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte and contemporaries H.D. and Dorothy L. Sayers, we will consider the degree to which her diagnosis remains relevant today, particularly within an Anabaptist Christian perspective. The course also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. (Spring 2025) 
Core: LI

ENGL 348 American Manhood (3 SH)

This course explores conceptions of manhood in US literature since the nation's establishment, featuring texts by writers of diverse ethnic backgrounds, including Thomas Jefferson, Samson Occom, Frederick Douglass, Langston Hughes, Lorraine Hansberry, Khaled Hosseini, Gene Luen Yang, and Martin Espada. It also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. A community-learning (CL) designate course, "American Manhood" challenges students to be involved in community settings that relate to course subject matter. Expectations include engagement in critical analysis of community issues and synthesis of classroom-based knowledge and personal experience. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 350 Children's Literature (3 SH)

This course explores all types of literature for children. The characteristics and history of various types of literature are studied, along with strategies for involving children in every genre. Special attention is given to the study of multiethnic literature. Open to sophomores and above.
Core: LI

ENGL 355 Young Adult Literature (3 SH)

This course concentrates on literature written for and by young adult (YA) readers. While relying on works typically classified as young adult literature, the course will also look at literary "classics" found within the curriculum for middle, junior, and senior high classrooms. Students will explore YA literature in different genres addressing current issues for young adults. Models of literary criticism employed within the study of these works will center on reader response theory. Open to sophomores and above. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 361 Global Lit Intensive 1: Gods and Monsters

In this survey course spanning some of the earliest written documents to those published in the early 1600s, students will encounter thinkers who anticipated many of our own questions about meaning and our place in the universe. Who, if Anyone, created us, and what are our resulting obligations? How do we live in relation to our past? Where are we going, literally and metaphorically? Readings will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but texts may include The Epic of Gilgamesh, the book of Job, the Odyssey, Antigone, Paul’s letter to the church at Rome, The Ramayana, The Canterbury Tales, The Arabian Nights, Journey to the West, Lazarillo de Tormes, and King Lear. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2023, Spring 2025)
Core: LI

ENGL 362 Global Lit Intensive 2: Freedom and Loss

Featuring literature published between 1600 and 1850, this second in a series of global literature courses also functions as a stand-alone offering and considers readings associated with political revolution, freedom, grief and loss, exploration, enlightenment, and colonialism. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative texts include The Aztec-Spanish Dialogues, The Tempest, The Ausbund, Paradise Lost, and The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano; selected poetry by Matsuo Basho, Phillis Wheatley, William Wordsworth, and John Keats; and novels such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 363 Global Lit Intensive 3: Intimacy and Independence

As the global literature sequence’s third offering or a course to be taken on its own, “Intimacy and Independence” focuses on select works of literature published between 1850 and the present that explore the precarious balance between personal autonomy and fruitful relationship. Selections will reflect the instructor’s expertise, but representative writers include Emily Dickinson, Walt Whitman, Fyodor Dostovsky, Leo Tolstoy, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Ella Carla Deloria, Pablo Neruda, Lorraine Hansberry, Miriama Ba, and Uwem Akpan. Students may attend the 200-level version class twice weekly for two credits or intensify to a 300-level three-credit course by attending a third weekly class meeting and completing additional assignments. Students may not enroll in both courses. (Fall 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 390-395 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These courses will focus on particularly long or difficult works of literature, work by a particular author or set of authors, or a new, emerging trend in literature or literary studies.
Core: LI

ENGL 390 Topics in Literature-Asian American Poetry (3 SH)

In this literature course, students will focus on the voices of Asian American poets as well as works of Asian and Pacific Islander poets in translation. (Offered occasionally)
Core: LI

ENGL 391 Topics in Literature-Bibliotherapy (2 SH)

This seven-week course will introduce and provide practice in therapeutic reading for clinical settings. Course content will include academic essays on bibliotherapy's principles and best practices as well as appropriate selections in fiction, prose non-fiction, and poetry. The student cohort will meet weekly with the course instructor to discuss readings and the field experiences at the Virginia Mennonite Retirement Community. Graded assignments will include a protocols test, a reflection journal, a class presentation, and mid-course and final reflection essays. (Offered occasionally)
Core: CE, LI

ENGL 392 Topics in Literature-The Traumatized U.S. South (3 SH)

Drawing from the work of Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart, Carolyn Yoder has defined historical trauma as “the cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations emanating from massive group trauma.” The effects of historical trauma can last for generations, she explains, “even when the next generation is not told the trauma story, or knows it only in broad outline. A ‘conspiracy of silence’ surrounds events for which grieving and mourning have never taken place” (Trauma Healing 13-14). Literary Treatments of the Traumatized US South will use Yoder’s book as a lens for examining the work of several influential fiction-writers to address our country’s most traumagenic events: mass enslavement and a resulting Civil War. This honors course will follow the graduate seminar model as we explore this question, featuring presentations by and discussion among all participants. Each class member will also write and deliver an eight-page presentation-length paper at the ACE Festival; anyone seeking a writing-intensive course credit may develop that project into a fifteen to twenty-page scholarly article appropriate to submit as a graduate-school admission writing sample. (Offered occasionally)
Core: LI

ENGL 393 Topics in Literature-Ursula K. Le Guin (3 SH)

One of the most celebrated and influential fantasy and science fiction writers of all time, Le Guin taught a generation of readers (and writers) how to pay attention to the boundaries of their imagined worlds and catch, at the same time, what might be happening on the other side. A Wizard of Earthsea (1968) tells the story of a young magician finding his way at wizarding school. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969) tells the story of an ambassador from earth sent to a distant planet of androgynous human beings who for a few days every month naturally change to male or female. The Dispossessed (1974) tells the story of another earth-like planet imperfectly but peacefully organized by anarachic principles. We’ll read these three novels by Le Guin, some of her essays and short stories, watch a recent documentary of her life, and listen to a few interviews with Le Guin and people inspired by her work. Graded assignments will include a five-page creative nonfiction essay. (Spring 2024)
Core: LI

ENGL 470 English Internship (1-3 SH)

The professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis. 
Core: CE

ENGL 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ENGR 110 Introduction to Engineering and Design (4 SH)

An introduction to the design process of an engineering project. The focus will be on different design aspects of an engineering project: defining the design problem, developing a project statement, generating and evaluating ideas and specifications, leading and managing the process, and communicating the outcomes. The design emphasis facilitates students' development of creative and innovation skills, utilizes state-of-the-art technologies, and allows them to experience fields of engineering such as mechanical, electrical, computer, environmental, etc.
Core: TI

ENGR 156 Math for Engineering Lab (2 SH)

The goal of this lab course is to examine mathematical applications in engineering. Matlab will be introduced and used in solving these problems. The labs cover linear, quadratic, and systems of equations with circuits; trigonometry and vectors with robot arms; sinusoids with circuits and function generators; derivatives with free-fall motion; integrals with work of springs; and differential equations with dynamic mechanical systems. ENGR 245 Experimental Methods (2 SH) This course will cover methods for engineering measurements including design of experiments, data analysis including error and uncertainty, introduction to signal analysis, data acquisition and sampling, and general measurement system behavior. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185.

ENGR 265 Analog Circuits (4 SH)

An introduction to the design of analog circuits, with an emphasis on hands-on implementation in laboratory exercises in addition to mathematical analysis. The course covers essential circuit components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, and op-amps. A variety of passive and active circuits are studied, including filters, integrators, comparators, and amplifiers. Projects include building an AM radio, a homemade op-amp, and PID motor control. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185. (Fall 2024)

ENGR 270 Engineering Statics (3 SH)

A problem-solving based approach to the study of the theory and applications of engineering statics. Students will gain expertise in the areas of free-body diagrams, vector mechanics, and equilibrium, and will apply the principles of equilibrium to structural analysis and the analyses of internal and frictional forces. Prerequisites: MATH 185, PHYS 252.

ENGR 280 Engineering Dynamics (3 SH)

Dynamics is the study of accelerated motion of a body through two perspectives, kinematics (geometric aspects of the motion) and kinetics (forces causing the motion). Kinematics and kinetics of particles and rigid bodies will be examined using methods of force and acceleration, work and energy, and impulse and momentum. Prerequisite: ENGR 270. (Fall 2024)

ENGR 291 Engineering Design II (2 SH)

This project-based course will continue using engineering design methods first introduced in ENGR 110. Topics include reverse engineering, tolerances and optimization, design within constraints, and robust design. Prerequisite: ENGR 110.

ENGR 325 Engineering Ethics (2 SH)

This course focuses on the concepts and practice of ethics in engineering, computer science, and technological contexts, often through the lens of real-world case studies. Topics include professional codes of ethics, broader ethical theories, impact analysis, the environment, privacy, risk, and other current issues. The interplay among faith, career, and engineering will also be explored in detail. Modes of writing will include both personal reflection and technical analysis. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

ENGR 330-335 Topics in Engineering (2-4 SH)

The content of this course is determined by the special interest of the faculty and students. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

ENGR 340 Engineering Thermodynamics (3 SH)

A survey course on principles and applications of engineering thermodynamics. Topics include First and Second Laws, thermodynamic properties, energy cycles, control volumes, entropy, and efficiency. Applications include refrigeration and heat pumps, nozzles and diffusers, turbines, compressors, pumps, engines, power generation, psychrometrics, and combustion. Prerequisites: MATH 286 Vector Calculus, PHYS 262 University Physics II Lecture, and CHEM 223 General Chemistry I, or permission of instructor. (Fall 2024)

ENGR 350 Fluid Mechanics (4 SH)

An introduction to the concepts of fluid mechanics, including a laboratory component. Topics include hydrostatics; fluid kinematics; conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy; the Bernoulli equation; potential flows, and similitude. Prerequisites: MATH 310, PHYS 252. (Spring 2024)

ENGR 370 Strength of Materials (4 SH)

The behavior of materials and solid structures under a variety of load conditions will be studied in this course. Students will learn equilibrium, stress – strain response, and strain – displacement relations and apply them to solids analysis. Topics such as materials stretch, bend, twist, etc., the stress – strain response of different materials, the stress within externally loaded bodies, and beam theory with applications to beam deflections and design will be covered. Prerequisites: ENGR 270, MATH 195. (Fall 2023)

ENGR 380 Systems (4 SH)

This course introduces modeling and analysis of dynamical systems that include mechanical, electrical, fluid, and thermal systems. Both input-output and state-space models will be introduced. System analyses in the time domain, as well as the frequency domain, will be presented. This course presents fundamental materials in engineering practice across many disciplines. Prerequisites: ENGR 270, MATH 310.

ENGR 390 Engineering Design III (2 SH)

In this design course, students follow the engineering design process with emphasis on thinking through the challenges that arise when moving from problem definition to product delivery, on interdisciplinary collaboration, and on team dynamics negotiation. Teams work closely with clients as they move through conceptual, preliminary, and final designs. The project results in useful products. When the final product is delivered, the teams will also produce a technical report detailing design alternatives, optimization methodology, problems encountered, and solution summary. Prerequisite: ENGR 291.

ENGR 480 Control Systems (3 SH)

This course introduces analysis and design of control systems. Differential equations and transfer functions will be used for modeling of dynamical systems. Stability, tracking, regulation, and sensitivity will be discussed for both open-loop and close-loop structures. The proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) control will be introduced. Root locus, frequency response, and state-variable feedback methods will be presented for feedback control design. Prerequisite: ENGR 380. (Fall 2024)

ENGR 490 Senior Design (2 SH)

This course provides a platform for senior students to work on extensive, year-long, team projects under the guidance of engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: ENGR 390.

ENGR 491 Capstone Project (2 SH)

This course provides a platform for senior students to work on extensive, year-long, team projects under the guidance of engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: ENGR 490.
Core: CI

ENGR 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in engineering. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Must obtain faculty approval before scheduling this course. 

ENVS 135 Earth Science (2 SH)

An introductory course on topics pertaining to planet Earth, with an emphasis on minerals, rocks, and geological features. Included are the forces that have shaped our planet throughout time, as well as geological hazards. Attention is given to modern science, samples, and case studies to describe these processes. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

ENVS 145 Environmental Science (2 SH)

Survey of the human impact on natural and cultural ecosystems, including the processes by which the scientific data are collected and analyzed and theories describing our environmental impact formed. Focuses on problems associated with human population growth; the use of energy and other natural resources; and water, air and solid-waste pollution. Also presents interdisciplinary techniques for investigating and solving some of these problems. This course meets for 7 weeks.
Core: NS

ENVS 181 Environmental Science (3 SH)

Survey of the human impact on natural and cultural ecosystems. Focuses on problems associated with population growth; the use of energy and other natural resources; and water, air and solid-waste pollution. Also attempts to present interdisciplinary techniques for solving some of these problems.  Offered through Lancaster

ENVS 205 Environmental Application of GIS (3 SH)

This course introduces Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with an emphasis on their role in environmental and conservation practices. Students first learn basic GIS skills in ESRI's ArcGIS 10.3 software and then conduct an independent research project using GIS techniques. Projects may include but are not limited to local natural resource or landscape issues. Independent projects require an oral and poster presentation. Required for students in the environmental science track of the environmental sustainability major. (Spring 2024)
Core: TI

ENVS 225 Communication and the Environment (3 SH)

This course will integrate  the science and communication of environmental sustainability. Students will explain the significance of environmental sustainability and the interconnectedness between the natural world and human thriving by demonstrating effective communication skills to a specific audience for a specific purpose.  Students will understand how science works, review how it is interpreted in popular science and advocacy, and in turn create their own visual and written media and oral communication about sustainability. The course will be capped at 24. (Spring 2024)
Core: Communication Foundations

ENVS 235 Sustainable Food Systems (2 SH)

This course explores questions of sustainability in global food systems. Agricultural, food transportation, food storage, and food processing and production systems are compared with regard to energy-use relative to nutrient-production efficiency, as well as social, cultural and economic sustainability aspects of food systems including international food commodity trade and food trade policy, food islands, farm-to-table restaurants, and small local organic production. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core Natural Science designate. Prerequisite: BIOL 173, SOC 245 or instructor approval. (Fall 2023)
Core: NS

ENVS 325 Environmental Ethics (2 SH)

Different ethical theories concerning the environment will be articulated, with a focus on Anabaptist theological perspectives, and the role of ethics in civic society. Ethical perspectives are examined through their application to contemporary issues in sustainability. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Spring 2025)

ENVS 335 Soil Science (2 SH)

This course is an introduction to the fundamental concepts of soil science, including soil genesis, classification and morphology, physics, chemistry, and hydrology. Particular emphasis is placed on soil maintenance and improvement for sustainable food production and mitigation of environmental problems. The course involves several short hands-on lab and field activities. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. Offered occasionally.

ENVS 365 Environmental Risk and Policy (2 SH)

This course addresses principles of risk assessment, perception and management, using issues in environmental contaminants as a frame. Examines how people individually and as a society perceive risk, and how risk is dealt with through policy options. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Spring 2025)

ENVS 372 Toxicology for Public Health (2 SH)

This course examines the basic principles of toxicology and the effects of chemicals on human health and is designed for students in public health and the environmental sciences. Topics include exposure routes and mechanisms; dose/ response relationships; toxicity testing, disposition in the body; modifiers of response; chemicals and cancer; birth defects; exposures in the home, workplace, and environment; and introductions to regulatory and food toxicology.  The course also considers how society responds to these threats to human and ecosystem health, emphasizing the interconnectedness of the chemical/physical, the biological, and the social aspects of environmental science.  The overall objective of this course is to provide the student with an introduction to the language and principles of toxicology such that these principles may be applied to public health situations, efforts to improve sustainability and reduce toxin use, and be communicated to the general public. Prerequisites: BIOL 173 and CHEM 223 (BMS 557) (Spring 2024)

ENVS 379 Techniques in Environmental Monitoring (1 SH)

This lab and field based course provides training in techniques related to an environmental monitoring effort, equipping students with specific skills to prepare them for a career in environmental, chemical or ecology monitoring. Specific techniques vary depending on instructor and may focus on water, air, or soil quality. Past and potential topics include stream macroinvertebrate collection and identification as a biomonitoring technique to measure water quality. This course does not satisfy any EMU Core requirements. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2024)

ENVS 385 Conservation Biology (4 SH)

A study of global biodiversity, its importance, and the environmental, social and economic factors that affect it. Current threats to biodiversity, including species extinction, habitat degradation, invasive species, and over exploitation of natural environments are examined. The class also focuses on efforts to manage and maintain biodiversity, including how human development, culture and social systems impact conservation efforts. Laboratory work will emphasize population ecology and animal and plant survey techniques as well ecological and economic modeling used to make management decisions. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 235 or instructor permission. (Fall 2023)

ENVS 429 Environmental Sustainability Internship (3 SH)

This course serves as a practical application of environmental principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student's particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization (e.g. environmental consulting firm, government agencies, conservation organization, agricultural research center or farm utilizing alternative/sustainable methods). Open to junior or senior level environmental science majors only.
Core: CE

ENVS 430 Environmental Sustainability Capstone (2 SH)

An integrative capstone for all majors in environmental sustainability. A cohort of students apply their learning in the areas of natural sciences and social sciences to an environmental issue that has multidisciplinary components. Processing and reflection occur through weekly meetings with faculty and peers. Students write a substantial thesis centered on the environmental issue chosen. Seniors from related majors may participate with permission of instructor.
Core: WI

ENVS 465 Topics in Advanced Ecology (2 SH)

An advanced ecology course emphasizing a distinct branch of ecology and/or an investigative field technique. Specific foci vary from year to year depending on instructor. Past course have focused on forestry, restoration ecology, and animal population survey techniques. The course includes significant field work as well as an introduction to ecological research design and data analysis. Prerequisites: BIOL 235 and an annual safety training outside of class. This course meets for 7 weeks. (Fall 2024)

ENVS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

FIN 289 Personal Finance and Investing (1 SH)

Introductory to advanced levels, students will learn about personal investing within the broad context of personal finance and stewardship of money resources. Students with little to no background will start with the basics, while more advanced students work independently on instructor-guided projects at their unique level of understanding and interest. This course may be taken up to two times for credit, and more with audit. While this course is open to students of all majors and levels, it is especially encouraged for juniors and seniors as participation for their next phase of life and career. 
Core: QR, TI

FIN 440 Financial Management (3 SH)

An introductory course in the theory and practice of corporate financial management. Topics covered include the role and function of financial markets, interest rates, time value of money, valuation of financial assets, capital budgeting analysis, cost of capital, risk and return, capital structure decision, dividends and working capital management. Prerequisites: ACTG 221, EMU Core MATH requirement completed, and admission to the program.

FIN 481 Finance Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate theory and practice and expose students to the work and purpose of finance. Frequent consultation with - and assignments to - the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken any term, including summer. Grading is pass/fail. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, admission to the program (except non-program students pursuing the Finance career concentration), and a program GPA of at least 2.70. The Internship Coordinator must approve internships before they commence.
Core: CE

GEOG 231 Cultural Geography (3 SH)

A study of the spatial aspects of culture with a focus on cultural characteristics, demographics, migration, landscape analysis, economic development, political geography, and urban and rural land uses. Includes the use of maps and an introduction to geospatial technologies. 
Core: HI

GS 101 Introduction to Global Studies (2 SH)

This course prepares students to think critically and reflectively about issues of globalization, take a global view of contemporary issues across states, societies, and cultures, and consider their own place in a global context. Significant attention is given to peacebuilding and to social, political, economic, and ecological justice explored within the larger context of globalization.
Core: SB

HCML 101 International Class/Disease Coding I (3 SH)

The course will provide an introduction to how coding and billing in healthcare settings. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be introduced and used by the student. Offered through Lancaster HCML 111 International Class/Disease Coding II (3 SH) The course will provide more challenging patient situations that the student will code. The student will be introduced to challenging charts and peer review by others. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be used by the student. Prerequisite: HCML 101. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 120 Processes in Healthcare Information (3 SH)

The student will gain an understanding of health record keeping, retention, storage and design of necessary forms. Computer hardware and software are explored in relation to healthcare information. The course will focus on electronic medical records.  Offered through Lancaster

HCML 121 Procedural Terminology Coding (3 SH)

The course will provide procedural charts that the student will code. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be used by the student. Prerequisite: HCML 121. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 130 Overview of the Human Body (4 SH)

This course will equip the student with basic knowledge and understanding of the basic organization, structure and function of the human body. The student identifies anatomy and explains physiology of the human body through comparative vertebrate observation and analysis. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 131 Health Insurance and Reimbursement (3 SH)

The student will explore payment and reimbursement methods in the US healthcare system. Students will examine forms, practices and processes and the role of the healthcare information specialist and the need for accurate data exchange. Prerequisites: HCML 101, HCML 111. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 140 Systems and Education in Healthcare-Healthcare Management I (3 SH)

This course will equip the student with a knowledge of future health leaders, managers, and administrators to an understanding of the U.S. healthcare system. The student will become equipped to teach staff, clients, family, and the community regarding healthcare needs. Prerequisites: WRIT 135, BIO 209. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 141 Experiential Learning I (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access, and participate in 30 hours of observation.  Offered through Lancaster HCML 220 Healthcare Policy (3 SH) The student will be equipped with knowledge of the social, political, and economic context of US healthcare and the distribution of medical care, pharmaceuticals, public and private insurers and managed care organizations. Policies as well as basic economics will be discussed as well as policies addressing healthcare disparities. Prerequisites: HCML 131, HCML 240. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 240 Disparities in Healthcare (3 SH)

Using evidence-based research, the student will form critical analysis of the US healthcare system as compared to other world-wide healthcare systems. Power differentials and healthcare disparities will be addressed. The student will develop a proposal for a new healthcare system addressing power differentials and disparities discovered. Prerequisite: HCML 140. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 241 Experiential Learning II (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access and participate in 30 hours of observation and hands-on experience using skills used in prior courses. Prerequisite: HCML 141. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 260 Healthcare Practicum I (3 SH)

The student will apply leadership/management techniques while developing knowledge of healthcare disparities, resources, needs and programs within the community healthcare organization chosen by the student. 45 hours of volunteering may commence and continue through HCML 260. Focus will be on choosing a management/leadership style and approach and apply it to managing primary, secondary, and tertiary care. Prerequisite: HCML 340. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 320 Ethics and Legal Issues in Healthcare (3 SH)

The student will investigate legal and ethical issues facing healthcare professionals, including racial issues and legalities regarding underserved populations. Students will explore the basics of healthcare ethics and review ethical situations. Students will gain a working knowledge of various theories of healthcare law and ethics with a focus on diversity, equity and inclusion. Prerequisite: HCML 220. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 340 Community Healthcare Management (3 SH)

This course will equip the student with knowledge of the concepts and methods of healthcare management in the community. The student will develop programs for health improvement and community assessment. Healthy People 2020 topics will be discussed and used as a guide to determine healthcare deficits and advantages within the student’s chosen community. Prerequisites: HCML 240, HCML 320.  Offered through Lancaster

HCML 341 Experiential Learning III (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access and participate in 30 hours of observation and continued hands-on experience using skills used in prior courses. Prerequisite: HCML 241. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 360 Healthcare Practicum II (3 SH)

The student will complete 45 volunteer hours at the setting chosen in HCML 260.  The student’s focus will be on determining how the health setting benefits the community and how it is managed, which includes personal, financial issues, and client/community interaction with staff. Prerequisite: HCML 260. Offered through Lancaster

HE 201 First Aid (1 SH)

Principles of administering first aid and adult CPR in all aspects to victims of accidents and sudden illnesses are covered. WFA, AWFA, WEMT, WFR, EMT-B, or Red Cross standard first aid (all with CPR credential) will satisfy.

HE 202 Health and Safety (2 SH)

This survey course examines general health and safety issues. As a state requirement for education licensure, the course content includes not only general information but also signs and symptoms of various disease states and possible means of intervention. Students are encouraged to evaluate their lifestyles to determine where modification would be beneficial. Fulfills Living Well credit for selected education students. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite or corequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140.

HE 260 Teaching, Ministry, and Healthy Sexuality (3 SH)

This course explores the meaning and purpose of human sexuality from a theological perspective. It is designed to meet curriculum requirements for Health and Physical Education, Education, Bible and Religion majors, and to serve other students whose career interests include working with youth. It will prepare students to teach/lead/minister with youth and young adults on sexuality-related questions, including learning how to avoid and prevent sexual harassment and abuse. Sophomore standing required for enrollment. (CHST 260)

HE 301 Athletic Training (2 SH)

This course provides instruction in basic procedures for prevention, maintenance and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. Provides laboratory experience in taping, wrapping and usage of various modalities. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437.

HIST 101 U.S. History I-Race and Reason (to 1860) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that highlights major events in Virginia history and politics, the American Revolution, the development of the U.S. and Virginia Constitutions, and the role of religion and culture, while providing a general overview of how the U.S. became a nation-state. Topics include: the creation and tragedy of race-based slavery, the emergence of a capitalist economy, the battle for women's rights, and the impact of immigration and urbanization. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills.
Core: HI

HIST 102 U.S. History II-Mechanization and Modernization (1860-1918) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that focuses on the change and tension created by the rapid expansion of industrial innovation and capitalism that drove the mechanization and modernization of America from the Civil War through the Great Depression. Topics include: the Civil War, Reconstruction, Western expansion, Imperialism, Progressivism, race and gender reforms, mass immigration and urbanization, fundamentalism, WWI, and the boom and collapse of the U.S. economy. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills.
Core: HI

HIST 103 U.S. History III-Power and Paradox (1918-present) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that addresses the contradictions and complications of America's rise to global superpower following WWII. Topics include: WWII, consumer culture, suburbanization, the Cold War, Civil Rights, Vietnam, the New World Order, 9/11 and the embrace of and backlash against the expansion of rights, expectations, and what it means to be American. This course is recommended to all students wanting a better general understanding of contemporary American culture, politics, and society. Students may not take both HIST 103 and HIST 132.
Core: HI

HIST 121 Global Past I-Civilization (to 1400) (2 SH)

This course will provide a broad overview of world societies and civilizations and the increasing connection among them from the beginning of human experience to the fifteenth-century. With a "Big History" approach as our background, the course will cover the political, philosophical, and cultural legacies of ancient American, Asian, African, and European civilizations, including the rise of major world religions.
Core: HI

HIST 122 Global Past II-Modernization (post-1400) (2 SH)

This course takes a global history approach that seeks, as much as possible, to avoid a Eurocentric view, even as we explore the effects Western modernization has had on the world. A major focus will be attempting to explain why, how and when the imbalance of wealth and power among regions of the world developed. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182.
Core: HI

HIST 123-126 Global Past III-Comparative Themes (2 SH)

This course will use a comparative, in-depth approach to explore one theme in world history. The learning style will be careful reading of primary and secondary sources, memoirs and/or fiction, processed by class discussion and writing. Occasional lectures and films will provide context. The course schedule will list the specific theme for the semester, such as Epics or Revolutions. Previous background in world history strongly encouraged (such as HIST 121 and/or 122). 
Core: HI

HIST 132 U.S. History II-1865 to Present (3 SH)

A survey of U.S. history that addresses the changing role of the United States in the world along with significant social, economic and political changes within the U.S. Topics include: Reconstruction, Industrialization, urbanization and immigration, WWI, economic boom and collapse, WWII, the Cold War, Korean and Vietnam wars, Civil Rights movement, consumer culture, demographic shifts, and post-9/11 America. This course is recommended to all students wanting a better general understanding of modern American culture, politics, and society. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both HIST 103 and HIST 132.

HIST 182 Global Past II-1500 to the Present (3 SH)

This course will cover a broad overview of the history of the world from circa 1450 to the present by looking at major developments and points of contact between Asia, Latin America, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The main themes will revolve around revolutions and their influence on the fall and rise of empires within a globalizing world. We will examine the appeal and shortcoming of Liberalism, Communism, Fascism, and Islamism, and contemplate the tensions between liberty and order; liberty and equality, individualism and common welfare; and idealism and reality. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182.
Core: HI

HIST 222 African American History (3 SH)

A narrative history of the African American experience, driven by the study of African American literature and culture. Beginning with the development of race-based slavery and ending with current issues of blackness and whiteness, this course will trace the changing history of what it has meant to be "black" in the context of "white" America. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 231 Medieval Europe (3 SH)

A history of Europe from the late Roman Empire to the fifteenth century, with emphasis on the political, social, cultural and economic developments. Events and themes include feudalism, the rise and development of Christendom, art and architecture, church/state tensions, the Crusades, courtly love, monasticism and women. Personalities include kings and queens, popes, knights and women mystics. (Spring 2025)
Core: HI

HIST 251 History of Africa (3 SH)

A general survey of African history from the pre-colonial to contemporary era, addressing religious and cultural shifts across various regions, the impact of Islamic and European colonization, the quest for independence, post-colonialism, and the complications of nationalism and globalization. (Fall 2023)
Core: HI

HIST 312 19th Century America, A Novel History (3 SH)

This course explores the years of national development from Jacksonian America to the end of the 19th century through the popular literature of the era, examining American self-idealization and reform, commercial and early industrial development, continental expansion, regionalism, slavery, and the growing issues of race, gender, and class. Special attention is given to the Civil War and to the experiences of women, immigrants, Native Americans and African Americans. Taking HIST 101 before this course is highly recommended. (Spring 2026)

HIST 321 Modernizing America, 1870-1940 (3 SH)

This course is a study of the United States during the "Modern" period, a time when the country moved from a booming but tattered nation reeling from a civil war to an international giant with immense military and industrial power. Major themes include industrialization, economic vitality, immigration, urbanization, the Social Gospel and Progressive movements, normalization, World War I, the rise of the "New Negro," and the New Deal. Taking HIST 102 before this course is highly recommended. (Fall 2024)

HIST 340-345 Topics in History and Gender (3 SH)

This course is offered as instructors with special expertise in an area are available to offer unique or trial content.

HIST 352 History of Women-Global Perspectives (3 SH)

A comparative study of how women around the world (organized around themes such as family, economics, politics, and sexuality) have experienced history. Emphasis will be on understanding changing gender roles in light of different historical events and cultures. The course will also provide an opportunity to examine current gender issues and become familiar with gender theory. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 362 Renaissance and Reformation Europe (3 SH)

A study of the Italian and Northern Renaissance movements and a careful examination of the 16th-century reformations, both Protestant and Catholic. Besides cultural, intellectual, religious and political aspects of the period, social history and gender themes will be considered. Students will get to know diverse personalities such as Michelangelo, Machiavelli, Bloody Mary, and Martin Luther and be able to understand them in their historical contexts. (Spring 2024)

HIST 365 Mennonite History and Thought (3 SH)

A survey of the Anabaptist movement and Mennonites throughout the world from the sixteenth to twenty-first centuries. Issues include pacifism, wealth, political participation, community and tensions between faith and the dominant culture. Particular attention is given to the Anabaptist vision and its relevance for 21st-century American life. (CHST 365) (Spring 2025)

HIST 391 Birth of Modernity in Europe (3 SH)

The origins of many modern realities are found in 17th- and 18th-century Europe: imperialism, liberalism, conservatism, representative government, skepticism, religious tolerance, standing armies, laissez-faire capitalism, and a faith in science, reason and technology to bring about progress. This course uncovers these origins through a survey of political, social, economic, gender and cultural history from 1550 to 1815. Major themes include religious warfare, the witchcraft craze, overseas expansion, Rembrandt's Amsterdam, the Scientific Revolution, absolutism and constitutionalism, the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution, culminating in Napoleon's empire. Students will try to grasp the mentality of the era through philosophy and literature from the times and through historical film. (Fall 2024)

HIST 411 The History of Recent America (4 SH)

This writing intensive course begins with World War II and then marches through the Cold War, suburbanization, the civil rights movements, and the ever-expanding U.S. presence in global issues via the study of multiple cultural texts (novels, films, music, memoirs, etc.). Major themes include radical political movements, Vietnam, Watergate, TV culture, the Religious Right, and current political and social issues. Special attention is paid to U.S. involvement in global activities from the end of the Cold War to the present, with a strong emphasis on what "makes America American." Taking HIST 103 before this course is highly recommended. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

HIST 432 History of the Middle East (3 SH)

A historical survey of the Middle East. The particular focus may vary based on the instructor's expertise. The role of past and present U.S. foreign policies in these countries will be highlighted. (Fall 2024)
Core: HI

HIST 435 Martyrs, Merchants and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of the stories of Christianity, beginning with the New Testament period up to the sixteenth century of the Common Era. It describes the successes and failures in the life and witness of Christians as they spread west into Europe, east toward China, and south into Africa. It evaluates diverse Christian approaches shaped by these themes: women/men, mission/enculturation, church/state, war/peace, and wealth/poverty. (CHST 435)

HIST 441 History Internship (1-3 SH)

Designed for upper level history majors who want to explore career options and gain practical experience in fields that pertain to history. Placements include museums, historical societies, libraries, archives, law firms and government offices. Approval from the history department needed one semester in advance. Students take initiative in arranging their own placement. Internship can be completed in the summer. Grading is on a pass/fail basis.
Core: CE

HIST 461 Modern Europe (3 SH)

A history of Europe from the French Revolution to the present. Themes include revolution, industrialization, women's suffrage, militarism, imperialism and genocide, the rise and fall of communism, the world wars, fascism, the reunification of Eastern and Western Europe, the emergences of the European Union, and current issues such as immigration, terrorism and neo-nationalism, and the splintering of the E.U. (Fall 2023)

HIST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

HONRS 111 Ruling Ideas Seminar (3 SH)

This course runs every fall semester and is led by the director of the Honors program and/ or other members of the Honors faculty. It is available to all students entering EMU with an Honors Scholarship and is highly recommended to all students entering the Honors Program as sophomores or as transfer students. The course is designed to investigate the central ideas of various academic disciplines and higher education generally. Together, students and faculty begin to explore and examine the goals of the program spelled out above.

HONRS 310 Honors Colloquium+ (3 SH)

Colloquium courses explore a specific topic chosen by the professor and are designed to be provocative and challenging but accessible to students of any major—no prerequisites are required. These courses run every semester and course topics vary. All EMU students are invited to take these courses, but Honors students in the Honors Program have priority for enrollment.

HONRS 401 Worldview Seminar (2 SH)

This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. Students will be expected to explore and articulate their worldview through interactive projects and practices. It may be taken by other Honors students if room permits.

HONRS 431 Honors Teaching and Leadership (0-2 SH)

This course is designed for juniors and seniors in the Honors Program. Students work closely with a professor to help form, shape, and guide a class. It is a way for students to provide service to the university and their fellow students, and to develop valuable organizational and leadership skills. These course hours may be applied toward the distributive portion of the Honors Program curriculum and the course may be repeated multiple times. Interested students and professors should contact the Honors director for a syllabus template for the course; they will then jointly modify it to fit their particular needs. The completed syllabus should be submitted to the Honors director and the registrar.
Core: CE

HONRS 451 Honors Capstone (1 SH)

This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. The Capstone will be directed by a professor or professional from within the student's primary area of study. It will include an extensive project and a public presentation of the results.

HONRS 455 Honors Capstone (3 SH)

This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. The Capstone will be directed by a professor or professional from within the student's primary area of study. It will include an extensive project and a public presentation of the results.

HONRS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

HUM 200 Foundations of Humanities (2 SH)

This team-taught, interdisciplinary course serves as an introduction for several humanities disciplines including history. It is designed to teach students critical, close reading skills for historical and modern media, research and documentation skills, and to expose students to a wide variety of academic methods of scholarly inquiry.
Core: WI

HUM 213 Bach Festival (3 SH)

The course is designed to accomplish two main purposes: (1) to serve as an introduction to the skills required for listening to music, and (2) to prepare class members to take full advantage of the Shenandoah Valley Bach Festival. Activities will include guided listening exercises, information about Bach and this year’s featured composers, as well as visits from performers participating in the festival who will illustrate the skills and understandings needed to prepare performances of music that can be enjoyed by audiences. The most important goal is to get students, especially those who have never had opportunity before, as close as possible to the workings of the life of a professional musician. In addition to the classroom hours listed below, students will be expected to spend a minimum of 12 hours during the week of the festival in attendance at rehearsals, noon concerts, and/or evening concerts. To meet the minimum 12 participatory hour requirement, students may need to attend activities during the work day or evenings; a master schedule of performances and rehearsals will be provided.

HUM 330-335 Topics in Humanities (3 SH)

This course will provide innovative, topical approaches to varying humanities topics. It may be repeated as topics shift from year to year.

HUM 420-425 Tutorial (3-4 SH)

This course will be largely self-directed and will require a great deal of independent student work, often in project-focused groups. It may be repeated as topics shift from year to year.

HUM 490 Humanities Seminar (4 SH)

A team-taught interdisciplinary seminar that serves as a capstone for many humanities programs, including history, literary studies, and Bible, religion and theology. It provides students an opportunity to complete a long, research-based scholarly project while also exposing students to critical theory and historiography. Graduate school and career paths will also be discussed.
Core: WI

ICSPA 312 Advanced Conversational Spanish I (3 SH)

These courses are designed to help students gain oral competency and a solid grammatical base in Spanish through small group, intensive classes. They are offered in the setting of an intercultural study experience offered by EMU. When offered through the Central America Study and Service program in Guatemala City, Guatemala, classes meet for four hours, five days a week for seven weeks. Students live with Guatemalan families to enhance linguistic immersion. Each student is assessed at the beginning for placement and at the end for oral and written competency. The courses will be designed to meet the individual student's needs. 

ICSPA 322 Advanced Conversational Spanish II (3 SH)

These courses are designed to help students gain oral competency and a solid grammatical base in Spanish through small group, intensive classes. They are offered in the setting of an intercultural study experience offered by EMU. When offered through the Central America Study and Service program in Guatemala City, Guatemala, classes meet for four hours, five days a week for seven weeks. Students live with Guatemalan families to enhance linguistic immersion. Each student is assessed at the beginning for placement and at the end for oral and written competency. The courses will be designed to meet the individual student's needs. 

ICSSC 201 Intercultural Social Science (3 SH)

This course provides the foundation for intercultural learning and is offered in conjunction with the off-campus programs including semester programs (Option 1), summer 3 or 6-week programs (Option 2) or WCSC semester or summer programs (Option 3).  For additional information on all intercultural offerings, students are encouraged to contact Intercultural Programs.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

ICSSC 202 Intercultural Learning and Integration (1 SH)

For qualifying students with significant prior intercultural immersion experience. International students, multicultural students and students with previous qualifying cultural experiences reflect on their learning to fulfill the experiential component of the intercultural requirements. Permission must be granted by the Intercultural Programs director to take this course in the second year of study or later.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

ICSSC 203 Intercultural Immersion (1 SH)

This course provides the foundation for intercultural learning and is offered in conjunction with off-campus programs. Paired with other credits in a 4+ week intercultural seminar.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

ICSSC 211 Intercultural Community Immersion (3 SH)

This course is offered on campus during the spring semester and includes a significant experience (at least 40 hours) with a local family or individuals from a different language and culture than that of the student. Requirements also include at least 20 hours in partnership with an Intensive English Program student. For students who transfer at least 58 credits earned prior to matriculation at EMU. Contact the Director of Intercultural Programs.
Core: Fulfills intercultural experience

ICSSC 300 Career, Culture, and Community (3 SH)

This course supports and builds on the intercultural experiences of the WCSC program, including living in multicultural DC, working at an internship, and living in community at the WCSC house. In the class, students develop skills in leadership, communication, and handling conflict. Together, they will discuss goals and orienting values for their vocational identities, engage with guest speakers who share about their own career trajectories, and build nuts-and-bolts professional development skills, including conducting an informational interview and developing a cover letter and resume. This course is required for all students enrolled in the WCSC program. (Will satisfy CORE 401 Core Senior Seminar for students who have earned 90 SH prior to enrollment in WCSC.)
Core: CE, fulfills intercultural experience

ICSSC 305 Career, Culture, and Community (2 SH)

This course supports and builds on the intercultural experiences of the WCSC program, including living in multicultural DC, working at an internship, and living in community at the WCSC house. In the class, students develop skills in leadership, communication, and handling conflict. Together, they will discuss goals and orienting values for their vocational identities, engage with guest speakers who share about their own career trajectories, and build nuts-and-bolts professional development skills, including conducting an informational interview and developing a cover letter and resume. This course is required for all students enrolled in the WCSC program.
Core: CE, fulfills intercultural experience

LARTS 101 College Success Strategies I-Beginning the Course (2 SH)

A college success course that focuses on study skills needed to succeed in college. Assessment and development of individual learning styles and strengths are part of the course curriculum. Students receive course credit when learning outcomes of the course are met; credit is considered elective, not part of the EMU Core or major requirements. Instructor permission required.

LARTS 110 College Success Strategies II-Back on Course (2 SH)

A college success course that focuses on strategies needed to achieve full potential in students' academic, personal, and professional life. Self-assessments, readings, and guided exercises are part of the course curriculum. Students receive course credit when learning outcomes of the course are met; credit is considered elective, not part of the EMU Core or major requirements. Instructor permission required.

LARTS 181 Global Connections (1 SH)

This course invites students of diverse cultural backgrounds and experiences to engage in thoughtful analysis of cross cultural communication and the accompanying emotions, challenges and opportunities. International, third-culture individuals (TCKs), and American students participate in a common seminar encouraging critical thinking, dialogue and reflection. First-year international students are strongly encouraged to take this course to help facilitate their transition to an understanding of North American culture and EMU's academic culture.

LARTS 201 Major and Vocational Exploration (1 SH)

The course will provide an introductory framework for the vocational decision making process. It stresses the connection between student career objectives and potential EMU major choices. Students will examine previous experiences and future possibilities, develop potential career plans and expand the network of possibilities. Students will learn valuable skills in self-assessment, reflective work, scenario planning, job search strategies, and networking to develop future plans.

LARTS 203 Professional and Vocational Exploration (3 SH)

The course will provide a deep dive into the vocational decision-making and career planning process.  Students will learn valuable skills in self-assessment, reflective work, job search skills, and networking as they develop future plans.  Students will engage in exercises to begin putting plans into action to move toward achieving career-related goals. Offered through Lancaster

LARTS 256 Commuter Cycling (1 SH)

Students will learn the arguments for cycling as sustainable transportation, study commuter cycling activism in the US, learn basic bicycle maintenance, and promote cycling on campus.
Core: CE

LARTS 281 Student Life and Student Leadership (1 SH)

This seminar style course provides students in campus leadership positions with training in the areas of effective leadership and teamwork, social comprehension, restorative justice/ restorative practices, and basic helping skills. The course provides opportunities for discussion and interaction among student leaders focusing on contemporary issues in college.
Core: CE

LARTS 390 Peer Tutoring Practicum I (1-3 SH)

This one to three credit course is offered by the Academic Success Center and Writing Program. Students explore a variety of topics (tutor role, learning strategies, diversity issues, and ethics) in conjunction with supervised tutoring. The course may be linked with specific professors and courses of academic departments. Practicum requirements will reflect credit hour enrollment and appropriate tutor support offerings of linked department. See the Director of the Writing Program or the Director of the Academic Success Center for approval to register. Prerequisites: earned B grade in WRIT 135 or WRIT 140 (writing tutors), department recommendation (subject-specific tutors), 3.0 cumulative GPA (all tutors).

LARTS 391 Peer Tutoring Practicum II (1-3 SH)

This one to three credit course offers additional tutoring experience with supervision from the appropriate faculty member. The course may also be linked with specific professors and courses of academic departments. LARTS 391 serves as a Community Learning designate. Prerequisite: LARTS 390 or consent of practicum professor and, if applicable, consent of academic department professor. Students may enroll in LARTS 390 and 391 for a maximum of three credit hours for peer tutoring over one to three semesters.
Core: CE

LARTS 410 Liberal Arts Internship (1-3 SH)

This course supports experiential learning in which students apply their academic foundation in supervised work settings. Students who have completed an internship or have an internship in progress are eligible to enroll in this course. The internship is intended to enhance students' professional growth, competencies and professional exploration. Students will identify and develop skills and experiences directly relevant to achieving intended career goals, reflect on their experiences and find meaning in them, and develop a better understanding of their chosen career field and evaluate that field as a long-term career path. Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of direct service in a company/organization (up to 3 credits).
Core: CE

LARTS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

LEAD 281 Leadership Practicum (1 SH)

This is an opportunity for students to explore leadership and gain limited practical experience in an organizational or team setting. Students will log at least 40 contact hours and complete some reflective written reports. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Graded on a Pass/Fail basis. Prerequisites: Sophomore+ status and EMU cumulative GPA 2.0 or better. (Must apply one month in advance to secure placement)
Core: CE

LEAD 300 Leadership Theory and Practice (3 SH)

This course will focus on understanding leadership from theoretical and personal perspectives. From the theoretical perspective, it reviews historic and current thought on leadership including how power and identity influence leadership perceptions. From the personal perspective, students will develop their identity as a leader through reflecting on their own gifts, skills, and leadership experiences in a practice setting.
Core: CI, SB

LEAD 481 Leadership Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give LEAD majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for LEAD majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

LEAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

LING 250 Introduction to Linguistics (0-3 SH)

This course is dedicated to the study of the essential nature of languages with English as the primary, but not only, example. Students learn to use some of the tools of linguistic analysis to learn about phonetics, phonology, morphology, and syntax, and examine broader concepts of language typology, discourse, language variation, and the history of English. (Spring 2025)

LING 260 Grammars of English (3 SH)

Using the tools of applied and corpus linguistics, students examine in detail the structural features of English. The course considers issues raised in traditional prescriptive grammars and by modern proponents; and it highlights the application of grammar to students' written prose style. Separate tracks emphasizing grammatical analysis of literary style or grammar pedagogy are provided depending upon student interest. (Spring 2024)

LING 360 Language Learning, Literacy, and Culture (3 SH)

This course considers how humans acquire their first language and other languages. How do power, personal identity, social inequalities and other socio-cultural factors influence acquisition of language and literacy skills? Of special interest are the challenges facing learners outside the mainstream culture who acquire skills in English as an academic language. Practical implications for teaching are considered. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or permission of the instructor. (Spring 2024)

LING 470 Internship (1-3 SH)

The professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis.

LIT 230 Global Literatures III-1800-Present (3 SH)

Global Literatures III explores a selection of romantic, realist, modernist, post-modernist, and post-independence poetry, drama, fiction, and prose non-fiction. Although the course focuses in particular on the Anglophone tradition, readings also reflect the emergence of a global literary marketplace in the twentieth century and celebrate the contributions of various ethnic and minority writers. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both ENGL 204 and LIT 230.

LOML 320 Leadership Development (3 SH)

The emphasis in course one is on the experiential nature of nontraditional education and adult development theory. Students will be familiar with various theories and instruments that will provide a cognitive basis for personal analysis and understanding. The objective of this interdisciplinary course is personal discovery through examination of issues in adulthood as studied in the fields of literature, wellness, and gender studies. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 355 Organizational Behavior (3 SH)

Students study the foundational theories and approaches to organization structure, design, and culture. Primary emphasis is placed on understanding the organization as an open system. Students will learn to utilize a systems approach in basic organizational diagnosis. Contingency theory provides a theoretical framework for understanding the impact of the business environment on organizational effectiveness, design, and change. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 370 Organizational Change (3 SH)

This course will explore the various theoretical and practical aspects of managing organizational change within a business context. Students will learn to identify and analyze key factors that influence organizational change, develop strategies for leading and managing change initiatives, and assess the impact that change agents have on individuals, teams, and organizations. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 380 Team Dynamics (3 SH)

This is a practical course on the skills and practice of team building and leadership. Students will become familiar with team types, roles, composition and processes, and assess personal team and leadership skills. Classes are structured around weekly simulations that provide experience with teams and team leadership. A secondary emphasis is a focus on communications and effective interpersonal relationships. Students will also develop understanding of theories of motivation and conflict management and their applications in team building. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 405 Organizational Research (3 SH)

This course guides the student in understanding the research process and becoming a critical consumer of research. Organizational research concepts are examined in both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Students critically read and critique organizational research. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 410 HR: Optimizing Workforce Development (3 SH)

This course demonstrates the effective merging of the practice and perspectives of management and the Human Resources professional. Students will understand that human resources management recognizes the value of the employee as a key contributor. In so doing it provides a management challenge necessitating the personal as well as professional development of the employee. It goes far beyond the quest for increased productivity resultant from capital improvements by including in management techniques designed to obtain maximal contributions from the members of the organization. The primary objective is to present the principles and practices of Human Resource Management, and to highlight the optimization of workforce development strategies. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 420 Leadership Theory and Practice I (3 SH)

Students examine motivational theory and its application to individual and group functioning in work and home situations. Leadership styles related to particular circumstances are analyzed. Students put their growing leadership skills to practice as their knowledge, skills, and abilities are tested against real-world scenarios. Experiential and application-based learning are utilized throughout this course to develop the student’s individual leadership style. Offered through Lancaster.

LOML 430 Leadership Theory and Practice II (3 SH)

Students examine motivational theory and its application to individual and group functioning in work and home situations. Leadership styles related to particular circumstances are analyzed. Students put their growing leadership skills to practice as their knowledge, skills, and abilities are tested against real-world scenarios. Experiential and application-based learning are utilized throughout this course to develop the student’s individual leadership style. Offered through Lancaster.

LOML 440 Global Trends in Economic Justice (3 SH)

This course examines global economic trends, theories of justice, and issues in economic justice. A variety of written materials, historical literature, and contemporary culture are examined for their perspectives on economic justice and fairness. Local, national, and international perspectives on economic development and justice are studied. Students will develop a deepened and more nuanced perspective on issues of poverty and justice. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 465 Capstone Application of Research (3 SH)

This course guides the student in understanding the research process towards the goal of producing a capstone research paper or project. Students will use both primary and secondary research, apply critical reasoning to the research findings in qualitative and quantitative studies, and use the insights gained to develop a potential remedy for a problem. (LOML 461 Application of Research Project for Aviators for LOM Aviation concentrators only) . Offered through Lancaster

MATH 114 College Algebra (2 SH)

College Algebra topics include equations and inequalities, polynomials, rational functions, exponential functions, and triangle geometry.

MATH 120 Math for Social Decision Making (2 SH)

This course examines the ways mathematics is used to help inform societal decisions.  Topics may include game theory, fair division of goods, apportionment of representatives, voting methods, and consumer finance.
Core: QR

MATH 134 Finite Math-Logic and Problem Solving (2 SH)

Topics include symbolic logic, geometric constructions and transformations, set theory, graph theory, and an introduction to computer programming.

MATH 136 Finite Math-Number Theory and Probability (2 SH)

Topics include number theory (including number systems, modular arithmetic, divisibility, prime numbers), counting, and probability.

MATH 144 Precalculus (2 SH)

This course serves as preparation for calculus; topics include trigonometric functions and identities, logarithms, exponential functions, summation notation, advanced algebraic manipulations, and an introduction to limits. Prerequisite: Math 114 or equivalent.

MATH 150 Elements of Calculus (3 SH)

This course is a survey of the concepts of differential and integral calculus, at a less rigorous level than Calculus I and Calculus II. The course emphasizes the applications of calculus to problems in business, economics, and the sciences. Credit will not be given for both this course and MATH 185. Prerequisite: a grade of C or better in MATH 144 or MATH 154 or high school equivalent. (Not offered in 2023-24.)

MATH 154 Math for Engineering (2 SH)

This course is intended to prepare engineering students to take beginning courses in engineering and calculus. Students will gain a working knowledge of the mathematics used in the study of measurement, circuits, statics, and dynamics. Offered in conjunction with ENGR 156.

MATH 170 Discrete Mathematics (4 SH)

Discrete Mathematics serves as an introduction to advanced mathematics. In addition to learning material that is fundamental to mathematics and computer science, this course will emphasize logical thinking, problem-solving, and communication about abstract problems. Topics include set theory, number theory, logic, relations, mathematical induction and other forms of proof, combinatorics, and graph theory. Prerequisite: Four years of high school mathematics or permission of instructor.

MATH 185 Calculus I (4 SH)

This course is a study of the behavior of single-variable functions, including limits, continuity, the derivative, differentiation techniques, and applications. The course also includes an introduction to integration, including the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.  Credit will not be given for both this course and MATH 150. Prerequisite: a grade of B or higher in MATH 144 or MATH 154 (or high school equivalent).

MATH 195 Calculus II (4 SH)

This course is a continuation of Math 185. Topics include techniques and applications of integration of single-variable functions, infinite sequences and series, conic sections, parametric equations, and an introduction to vectors.  Prerequisite: Grade of C- or higher in MATH 185, or permission of instructor.

MATH 284 Multivariate Calculus (2 SH)

This course is a continuation of MATH 185.  Topics include the differentiation and integration of multivariate functions. Prerequisite: Grade of C- or better in MATH 195, or permission of instructor.

MATH 286 Vector Calculus (2 SH)

Topics include vector-valued functions, line integrals, Green's Theorem, surface integrals, the Divergence Theorem, and Stokes' Theorem. Offered every other fall. Prerequisite: Grade of C- or better in MATH 284, or permission of instructor. (Fall 2024)

MATH 310 Differential Equations (3 SH)

A study of the use of differential equations - that is, equations involving both functions and their derivatives - in the construction of mathematical models to address real-world problems. Students will be taught analytical, numerical, and graphical techniques for formulating, solving, and interpreting ordinary differential equations of first and higher order. The emphasis will be on applications to engineering and the physical sciences. Prerequisite: MATH 195. (Fall 2024)

MATH 330-335 Topics in Mathematics (2 SH)

The content of this course is determined by the special interest of the faculty and students. Courses taught in the past include Number Theory, Coding Theory, Math Research, Math Modeling, Advanced Geometry, History of Mathematics, and Computability. The course can be taken more than once.  Prerequisites: Math 170 and permission of the instructor.

MATH 350 Linear Algebra (3 SH)

Topics include systems of linear equations, matrices, linear transformations, vectors in Rn , vector spaces, linear independence, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, discrete dynamical systems, and inner products.  The course contains a mix of theory and applications. Pre- or corequisites: MATH 170 and MATH 195 or permission of instructor. (Fall 2023)

MATH 364 Geometry (2 SH)

This course covers the core topics of Euclidean geometry, with an emphasis on proof-writing.  Geometric transformations and non-Euclidean geometry will be included, as time allows. (Fall 2024)
Core: CI

MATH 450 Introduction to Analysis (3 SH)

Analysis is a critical study of the calculus, with heavy emphasis on rigorous proof-writing. Topics include real numbers, sequences, limits, continuity, differentiation, and integration. Prerequisites: MATH 170 and MATH 195. (Spring 2025)
Core: WI

MATH 460 Abstract Algebra (3 SH)

This course is a proof-based study of the properties of groups, rings (including polynomial theory), and fields. The course also builds on the number theory encountered in MATH 170. Prerequisite: MATH 350. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

MATH 470 Mathematical Probability (3 SH)

A study of probability, random variables, distribution and density functions, and the theory behind the statistical techniques used in STAT 220. Prerequisites: MATH 170, STAT 220, and MATH 284. (Spring 2025)

MATH 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in mathematics. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: faculty approval.

MKTG 201 Principles of Marketing (3 SH)

An introduction to marketing. Topics include market creation, product development, channels of distribution, consumer behavior, pricing, advertising, sales, and marketing research. Aspects of international marketing and service marketing are included. Prerequisite: College Writing (WRIT 135 or WRIT 140).

MKTG 311 Marketing Research (3 SH)

Examines a scientific approach to confirmatory and exploratory research and its application to business. Topics include research design, secondary and primary data collection, measurement and scaling concepts, survey techniques, sampling procedures, and data analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Prerequisites: grade of C (not C-) or better in STAT 120 and CIS 211, and MKTG 201.

MKTG 321 Consumer Behavior (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of behavioral models and concepts designed to help understand, evaluate, and predict consumer behavior. Deepens a student's knowledge about consumer psychology and applies the knowledge from the perspective of a marketing manager. Stresses analytical thinking about consumer psychology and prediction of how marketing tactics may influence demand for products and services. Prerequisite: MKTG 201. (Fall 2023)

MKTG 330 Sales/E-Commerce (3 SH)

This course explores the dynamic realities and implications of sales and electronic commerce (e-commerce) from a marketer's perspective. Students learn a wide range of electronic commerce issues and platforms for marketers as a foundation for continuous and emerging learning in the dynamic e-commerce environment. Prerequisite: MKTG 201. (Fall 2024)

MKTG 410 Strategic Marketing Management (3 SH)

This course takes a broad leadership view of the principles and practices of marketing. Topics include marketing structure, channels of distribution, consumer behavior, pricing, advertising, industrial marketing, telemarketing and marketing research. Aspects of international marketing and service marketing are included. Consumer behavior topics include psychological, sociological and anthropological variables that influence consumer motivation and actions. Prerequisite: grade of C (not C-) or better in MKTG 201. (Spring 2025)
Core: CI

MKTG 481 Marketing Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give marketing majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for marketing majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship coordinator must approve the internship before it commences.
Core: CE

MUED 121 Voice Proficiency Class (1 SH)

An overview of the singing process and instruction in the basic vocal skills necessary to meet the proficiency requirement for music education students. See MUPS 121 Class Voice for non-music majors.

MUED 131 Class Piano I (1 SH)

This is a beginner level course designed to give students a foundation in learning to play the piano and basic musicianship. During this course, students will learn to play pieces at the piano, learn basic elements of music theory and keyboard skills, and begin to develop a critical ear for nuance through listening to piano performances. This course is the first semester of a two-course sequence and is open to both music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, this course provides instruction necessary to meet piano proficiency requirements.
Core: CA

MUED 132 Class Piano II (1 SH)

This course builds upon skills developed in Class Piano I. Students will learn more advanced pieces, continue to refine keyboard skills, and further develop listening ability. This course is open to music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, the final exam of this course will also serve as the piano proficiency exam. Permission of instructor is required for students who have not previously taken Class Piano I.
Core: CA

MUED 212 The Child and Adolescent Voice (2 SH)

This course examines the characteristics of the child voice, methods of working with children in elementary general music class and choral settings and the changes that occur to the voice when students reach adolescence. Other topics addressed are: how to select appropriate music for elementary, middle and high school choral groups and how to work with the changing male voice.

MUED 223 Instrumental Methods-Brasses (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 224 Instrumental Methods-Percussion (1 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 225 Instrumental Methods-Strings (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 226 Instrumental Methods-Woodwinds (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 341 Elementary School Music (2-3 SH)

A study of the methods, materials, philosophy and objectives in the elementary school with an emphasis on child development through music. Students will experience music and musical activities suitable for children from Pre-K through grade 6 with an emphasis on appropriate motivational and teaching methods. Topics covered may include: the role of music in society and in the schools; music fundamentals; sequential and discipline based music curricula; teaching strategies; integration of music throughout the school curriculum; evaluation strategies; writing lesson plans; planning performances. Special emphasis is given to Orff and Kodaly approaches, the needs of diverse populations and the use of technology in the music classroom. Students will observe public school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee. A two-credit option without a practicum is available for students who are not pursuing Music Education.
Core: CA, CE

MUED 342 Secondary School Music (3 SH)

A study of methods and materials designed to prepare students to teach in middle and high school music programs. Students will observe school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Special emphasis is given to the maturing adolescent voice, performing ensembles, and teaching global music. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee. 
Core: CA, CE

MUED 353 Instructional Module (1-2 SH)

In consultation with the music education advisor, each student will select an area for concentrated study.

MUED 412 Vocal Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences.
Core: CE

MUED 413 Piano Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation, and supervised teaching experiences.
Core: CE

MUED 415 String Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano, and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences. Offered alternate years
Core: CE

MUES 310 The University Choir (0-1 SH)

A large choral ensemble representing a wide variety of academic majors. The choir will sing primarily sacred repertoire from all periods of music history. Membership is open to any Eastern Mennonite University student by audition. Alumni, faculty, staff, and community members are invited to join the choir during the fall semester to participate in the annual Fall Gala concert or Christmas service.
Core: CA

MUES 321 Chamber Singers (0-1 SH)

A select choir that studies and performs choral literature of various periods, styles and cultures. Performances occur both on and off campus; some touring is done each year. Members of Chamber Singers are also members of The University Choir.
Core: CA

MUES 331 Chamber Orchestra (0-1 SH)

An orchestra open to students, faculty and community players interested in playing symphonic music. Several concerts are scheduled each year, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition required for wind players.
Core: CA

MUES 332 Wind Ensemble (0-1 SH)

A large ensemble open to students, faculty and community players. Concerts are scheduled each semester, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition may be required.
Core: CA

MUES 333 Chamber Ensemble (0-1 SH)

Small ensembles of voices and/or instruments organized according to the interests and abilities of students, and coached by various EMU music faculty.
Core: CA, CE

MUES 333 Chamber Ensemble - Jazz Combo (0-1 SH)

Small ensemble focused on jazz combo repertoire, combo group playing, and improvisation, coached by EMU music faculty.
Core: CA, CE

MUES 341 EMU Jazz (0-1 SH)

The EMU Jazz Ensemble provides opportunities for students interested in jazz to learn musical skills and techniques associated with jazz music performance including different styles and improvising. Emphasis is placed on performance of jazz in the big band style. The Jazz Ensemble is open by audition. Preferences will be given to students of saxophone, trumpet, trombone, keyboard, drum set, bass, and guitar, but all students are welcome. The ensemble performs on campus and at local venues.
Core: CA

MUES 351 EMU Pep Band (0-1 SH)

Want to play fun instrumental arrangements of popular music, feel the excitement of bringing school spirit to athletic events, and earn general elective credit all at the same time? Join the EMU Pep Band! The pep band will play 4-8 games and events over the course of the EMU Royals basketball season (November-February).  Audition is not required and all instruments are welcome.
Core: CA

MUPS 121 Class Voice (1 SH)

Beginning vocal instruction in a small group setting. Excellent opportunity to learn basic singing skills. Open to all students and is a prerequisite for private studies if the student has had no previous private voice study. Additional fee.
Core: CA

MUPS ### Private Lessons (1-2 SH)

Credit is available for private study in the areas listed below. A semester of private study includes 13 weeks of lessons. Registration for 1 SH offers 40 minute lessons (200 level course code); registration for 2 SH offers 60 minutes of instruction per week (300 level course code). Lessons for 2 SH are required of music majors with a performance concentration after their formal admission to the program as performance majors. Approval must be granted from music program director for any exceptions. Private voice students are required to hire an accompanist for weekly lessons and recitals. Additional fee.
Core: CA

• 201, 301 Percussion - 1-2

• 202 Improvisation - 1

• 203 Songwriting - 1

• 211 Composition - 1-2

• 221, 321 Voice - 1-2

• 231, 331 Piano - 1-2

• 241, 341 Organ - 1-2

• 251, 351 Violin - 1-2

• 252, 352 Viola - 1-2

• 253, 353 Cello - 1-2

• 254, 354 String Bass - 1-2

• 255, 355 Banjo - 1-2

• 256, 356 Guitar - 1-2

• 261, 361 Flute - 1-2

• 262, 362 Clarinet - 1-2

• 263, 363 Oboe - 1-2

• 264, 364 Saxophone - 1-2

• 265, 365 Bassoon - 1-2

• 271, 371 Trumpet - 1-2

• 272, 372 Horn - 1-2

• 273, 373 Trombone - 1-2

• 274, 374 Tuba - 1-2

MUPS 202 Improvisation (1 SH)

Through this course students will learn key principles of effective improvisation such as scales, melodic decoration, phrasing, and form. This is a hands-on course in which students will practice improvising over songs or chord progressions through the course of the semester guided by feedback from their instructor. The genre or style of improvisation focus will be guided by the student’s creative leanings and the instructor’s area of expertise. Some of the genres and styles of focus could include Bluegrass, Fiddle, Americana, Singer-songwriter, Gospel, Jazz, R&B, Rock, and more. 

MUPS 203 Songwriting (1 SH)

Through this course students will learn key principles of effective songwriting such as lyric construction, chord selection, and arranging. This is a hands-on course in which students will write original songs over the course of the semester, guided by feedback from their instructor. The genre or style of songwriting focus will be guided by the student’s creative leanings and the instructor’s area of expertise. Some of the genres of focus could include Digital Songwriting, Bluegrass, Americana, Gospel, Jazz, R&B, Singer-songwriter, Rock, EDM, and more. After registering, students will be contacted by the music department to connect them to the section that matches their interest. 

MUPS 290 Sophomore Recital (0 SH)

Sophomore recitals are arranged with the approval of the instructor.  MUPS 390 Junior Recital (1 SH) Preparation and presentation of a public recital containing a minimum of one half-hour of music. The junior recital is required for the performance concentration in music. MUPS 490 Senior Recital-Project (1-3 SH) A solo performance containing a minimum of one half hour of music for the music education teaching endorsement or one hour of music for the music performance concentration to be presented during the final year of the student's study. Preparation includes research, analysis, related public performance and presentation, and critique. All details are to be worked out under the supervision of the instructor. Permission for recital performance is subject to the approval of the music faculty.

MUPS 491 Senior Project (3 SH)

A project, broad in scope, unifying the various interests of the interdisciplinary studies student. This is a public presentation given during the senior year demonstrating how the student's different areas of study connect and relate to each other. The project must be approved and overseen by the student's music advisor. It is likely there will also be advising and input from professors in disciplines other than music. The project will entail an aural as well as a written component, the latter to be contained in the student's portfolio.

MUPS 492 Capstone for Music and Peacebuilding (1 SH)

Through this course, music and peacebuilding majors will complete their portfolio. The portfolio documents large-scale projects through the student's academic career and displays achievements and analysis of practicum and networks. Fourth-year music and peacebuilding students will include a larger project that applies the concepts of music and peacebuilding in a hands-on way. The portfolio will be completed with the professional résumé or CV, along with a personalized website crafted for the student's relevant job market. This course is available for fourth-year music and peacebuilding majors only.

MUPS 499 Independent Study (1 SH)

NURS 301 Holistic Health Inquiry (3 SH)

Includes interviewing, documenting, understanding normal findings on physical examination and geriatric considerations, and assessment of psychosocial and spiritual needs. Introduces beginning professional and therapeutic communication skills with clients and professional teams, including managing conflict. Laboratory and community settings are used for practice and mastery experiences.

NURS 302 Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nursing (4 SH)

Addresses the pathophysiology and pharmacological treatment of the most common diseases encountered in the adult population. The course begins with basic principles of pharmacology, and then is organized by body system or major disease group classification: fluid and electrolyte balance, neurological, heart and vascular, endocrine, immune/ infection, musculoskeletal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cellular/cancer.

NURS 303 Foundations of Professional Nursing (4 SH)

Introduces the fundamental concepts of nursing including actions basic to nursing care, promoting healthy physiologic and psychosocial responses, and aging. Processes key to functioning effectively as a professional nurse are included: the nursing process, clinical decision making, and teaching and learning. Covers professional roles and issues such as the nurse as team member, legal and ethical concerns, documentation, priority setting, and safety.

NURS 304 Fundamentals Practicum (3 SH)

Skill acquisition in the learning laboratory through simulation and skill demonstrations (e.g. urinary catheter insertion, aseptic technique, vital signs, and glucometer). Clinical experiences take place in a nursing home, acute care setting, schools, and other community settings. Corequisites: NURS 301 Holistic Health Inquiry and NURS 303 Foundations of Professional Nursing. Clinical Hours: 68.5
Core: TI

NURS 310 Conceptual Framework of Nursing (2 SH)

Introduces the concepts basic to nursing practice: persons, health, environment and nursing. Incorporating spirituality into nursing practice will be emphasized. Taken during the sophomore year or with Level 1. 
Core: WI

NURS 311 Conceptual Framework Bridge Course (3 SH)

Provides an overview of the conceptual framework utilized in the EMU nursing department and reviews certain nursing process skills that include decision making, teaching, research and process recordings. This course is taken by LPN and RN students in the day program. (Clinical hours: 32 hours; LPNs: An additional 40 clinical hours are awarded from LPN degree upon course completion.)
Core: WI

NURS 320 Adult Health Practicum I (3 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student applies the nursing process in caring for 1-2 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5)
Core: TI

NURS 322 Nursing Care of the Adult I (3 SH)

Addresses the needs of clients with problems involving endocrine, regulation, gastrointestinal, fluid balance and immune systems. Clinical experience in hemodialysis. Prerequisite: Completion of Level 1

NURS 323 Psychosocial Nursing (3 SH)

Gives an overview of psychosocial nursing and addresses nursing care of clients with psychosocial illnesses. Application occurs in a state mental hospital. (Clinical hours: 51)

NURS 325 Nursing Care of Children (3 SH)

Focuses on the nursing care of children in a developmental setting, rehabilitation setting and an acute hospital setting. Explores the transitional and situational crises this brings to the family. (Clinical hours: 48)

NURS 326 Nursing and the Beginning Family (3 SH)

Focuses on the family during the childbearing cycle. Clinical application occurs in a mother- baby hospital unit, childbirth classes and prenatal settings. (Clinical hours: 24)

NURS 391 Faith Community Nursing (3 SH)

Faith Community Nurses assist the members of their faith community to maintain and/or regain wholeness in body, mind, and spirit. The course explores the personal and professional dimensions of spirituality and the process of developing a health and wellness ministry within a community of faith.

NURS 420 Adult Health Practicum II (3 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student masters complete care for 2-3 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5). Prerequisite: NURS 320
Core: TI

NURS 422 Nursing Care of the Adult II (3 SH)

Addresses the needs of clients with problems involving the cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological and sensory systems. Prerequisite: Completion of Level 1

NURS 426 Nursing and Family in Community (3 SH)

Focuses on nursing with the family as a unit in the community system from conception to late adulthood. 
Core: CE

NURS 427 Professional Issues in Nursing (1 SH)

This seminar course addresses current issues in nursing from the standpoint of ethics, economics, policy, research, and legal considerations. Students identify an area of health concern and use research and evidence-based resources to develop and deliver an oral presentation.

NURS 429 Leadership Practicum (3 SH)

This course includes practical clinical experiences at the leadership level in acute care, medical-surgical settings. Concepts of delegation, time-management, and prioritization are emphasized. Prerequisite: NURS 322 and 422. (Clinical hours: 97)
Core: TI

NURS 432 Community Health (3 SH)

Focuses on community health nursing with clinical application to individuals, families and communities. Change theory, epidemiology, communicable diseases and health care systems are considered. Prevention in populations is a special emphasis in this course. Prerequisite: NURS 426. (Clinical hours: 56)
Core: CE

NURS 433 Evidence Based Practice for Nursing (2 SH)

Guides the student in understanding the research process and becoming a critical consumer of research. Students apply research findings to their capstone presentation.

NURS 436 Population Health Colloquium (2 SH)

This course draws together principles of community health and leadership in order to prepare students to be active participants within the communities and agencies in which they will work. Application of course content occurs through a semester-long population-focused group project and a professional presentation that utilizes evidence-based literature. (Clinical hours: 45)

NURS 438 Critical Care Nursing (3 SH)

Crisis theory is applied with clients and their families in the acute stages of a health-related situational crisis and in disaster situations. Clinical experiences occur in the emergency department and critical care units. (Clinical experience: 4 days). Prerequisites: NURS 322 and NURS 422.

NURS 439 Transition to Practice (3 SH)

This senior seminar course covers professional issues and the role development of the professional nurse transitioning into practice. In class discussions and in writing a philosophy paper, students identify personal beliefs and ethical issues and challenges that will affect their voice as a nurse. Students present an evidence-based project and advocate for a legislative policy change. Only offered summers for Accelerated Second Degree nursing students; satisfies CORE 401 requirement.

NURS 440 Transition to Practice (3 SH)

Examines professional issues and the role development of the professional nurse transitioning into practice. In class discussions and in writing a philosophy paper, students identify personal beliefs and ethical issues and challenges that will affect their voice as a nurse. Students present an evidence-based project and advocate for a legislative policy change.
Core: WI

NURS 480 Adult Health Practicum III (2 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student masters complete care for 2-3 clients. For students on an extended schedule (clinical experience: 5 days)

PE 101 Introduction to Health, Physical Education and Recreation (3 SH)

The significance and meaning of health, physical education, recreation, leisure, play, and sport in modern society are examined. Includes the theories of play, models of sport, and the recreational and sport movement in the United States. Role and scope of health, physical education, recreation and sport programs in the community, schools, commercial, and industrial settings are examined along with an introduction to professional and career issues in the field. (RSM 101)

PE 201 Principles of Coaching (2 SH)

This course addresses issues common to all sporting experience (team management, practice organization, budgeting, facility and equipment usage, administrative relationships and scheduling). Class activities draw on life and sport experiences of students to develop principles of effective coaching at the community youth sports, middle and high school, and college levels. (Fall 2023)

PE 203 Coaching Practicum (1 SH)

This practicum provides an on-the-job learning experience for students. A supervised placement is secured in a coaching role in a local youth sports or educational program. This course is not available for first-year students.
Core: CE

PE 210 Sophomore Practicum-KES (1 SH)

This individualized course provides exposure for kinesiology and exercise science minors in professional adult fitness or sports medicine settings. A volunteer position is secured in a related agency for fifty clock-hours of involvement.
Core: CE

PE 301 Adapted Physical Education (3 SH)

This is a combined study of academic course work and a 10-hour practicum experience designed to educate the student to meet the physical, motor, personal-social and learning needs of exceptional individuals, particularly those individuals with disabilities whose needs cannot be met in a mainstreamed physical education setting.
Core: CE

PE 302 Motor Learning (2 SH)

The primary intent of this course is to become familiar with the learner, the learning environment and the process of learning in the motor skill context to provide physical educators and coaches with instructional decisions.

PE 401 Elementary Physical Education (3 SH)

This course exposes students to elementary physical education history, theory, and practice and encourages them to develop appropriate teaching and management skills. This course must be taken as part of the elementary physical education professional block and includes a 60-hour practicum (also includes PEM 231 and PE 403). Course prerequisites: ED 101, 245, PE 301, and 302. Admission prerequisites: First semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education recommended, 2.7 cumulative GPA and the entry assessment math score required. Second semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education required. (Fall 2024)

PE 402 Middle and Secondary Physical Education (3 SH)

This course provides students the opportunity to develop the appropriate teaching and management skills for the middle and secondary physical education setting. This course must be taken as part of the secondary physical education professional block and includes a 60-hour practicum (also includes ED 351 and ED 385). Course prerequisites: ED 101, 245, 275, HE 202, and 260. Admission prerequisites: First semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education recommended, 2.7 cumulative GPA and the entry assessment math score required. Second semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education required. (Fall 2023)

PE 403 Assessment of Physical Activity (1 SH)

This course is designed to prepare students to effectively assess student learning in physical activity settings. Course content includes: basic theoretical and practical knowledge in measurement and evaluation techniques, developmentally appropriate assessment strategies and providing feedback in physical activity programs. Corequisites or prerequisites: PE 401 and PEM 231 (Fall 2024)

PE 414 Biomechanics of Sport (2 SH)

Biomechanics examines quantitative and qualitative descriptions of movement through task and video analysis of human movement. This segment of the course applies fundamental kinesiology and biomechanical principles to the human musculoskeletal system. Applications for physical educators and coaches are a primary focus. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143. Non-majors and minors by instructor permission only. (Fall 2023)

PE 415 Exercise Physiology of Sport (3 SH)

This course focuses on the discipline of exercise physiology and explores the effects of physical activity on physiological processes and the effects of various physiological states on performance. This segment of the course explores the acute responses and chronic adaptations of the body to the stresses of exercise. Applications for physical educators and coaches are a primary focus. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143. Non-majors and minors by instructor permission only. (Spring 2025)
Core: WI

PE 416 Fitness Administration and Assessment (2 SH)

This class promotes familiarity and proficiency with methods and instrumentation in administering and assessing individual fitness and establishing a base for developing exercise prescriptions and other lifestyle alternatives to improve health and fitness. This class includes advanced study in administration of prescribing and assessing of the acute and chronic adaptations of the body to the stresses and health benefits of exercise students encounter. An application of theories and practices that will prepare them for an accredited health and fitness certification. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143, PE 414, PE 415.

PEG 110 Aerobic Cross-Training (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities to improve cardiovascular endurance through a planned program of various aerobic activities, knowledge of benefits of cross training, and the enjoyment of participation.  An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 111 Backcountry Travel (1 SH)

The activity of backpacking will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. Students will also master specific campcraft and outdoor living skills for recreational camping, camp counseling, and school outdoor education situations. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 112 Bowling (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of bowling, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 113 Canoeing (1 SH)

The activity of canoeing will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 114 Cycling (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for cycling skills improvement, knowledge of the commuter cycling movement, to learn and practice basic bike maintenance skills, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation.

PEG 115 Fitness, Conditioning, and Weight Training (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of the activity, fitness improvement and the enjoyment of participation. The course experience is divided between cardiorespiratory endurance and strength training aspects of physical fitness. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course.

PEG 116 Golf (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide beginning golf instruction and skill improvement, knowledge of golf rules and etiquette, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. Varsity golfers by permission of instructor only. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 117 Jogging/Walking (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide an introduction to the understanding of the benefits of engaging in regular physical activity. Students will participate in activities that foster the development of cardiovascular endurance, cardiovascular fitness and flexibility through a planned jogging/walking program. Varsity athletes by permission of instructor only.

PEG 118 Lifeguarding (1 SH)

Upon successful completion of the requirements of the course, students will obtain an American Red Cross Lifeguarding, CPR for the Professional Rescuer, and AED Essentials certification. Prerequisites: Students should be comfortable and competent in their swimming ability. A skill pre-assessment is required. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 119 Cave Exploration (1 SH)

The activity of cave exploration will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. Students will be exposed to caving as a personal recreational pursuit, particularly indigenous to Virginia's Shenandoah Valley and nearby West Virginia. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 120 Table Tennis/Net Games (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for personal skill development, development of net games strategies, and improvement personal fitness through your participation in the following net games: pickleball, badminton, volleyball, table tennis, spikeball and tennis.

PEG 121 Skiing (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of skiing, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 122 Snowboarding (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of snowboarding, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 123 Soccer (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of soccer, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation.

PEG 124 Strength Training (1 SH)

The course focuses on these various approaches for developing muscular strength and muscular endurance (isotonics, isometrics, isokinetics, plyometrics, circuit training) and the physiological responses and safety considerations of each.

PEG 125 Beginning Swimming (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunity for skills improvement of basic stroke mechanics, breath control, increasing knowledge of swimming safety, developing individual comfortability in the water, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation in swimming as a lifetime activity. Prerequisites: Little experience in swimming is required for this course, though the student should not fear the water. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 126 Intermediate Swimming (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunity for skills improvement of stroke mechanics, increasing knowledge of swimming, developing individual workouts for fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation in swimming as a lifetime sport. Prerequisites: Some prior knowledge of freestyle, backstroke, and breaststroke is helpful for the student.  A skill pre-assessment is required.  An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 127 Technical Rock Climbing (1 SH)

Students successfully completing the course will be competent to purchase equipment intelligently, top-rope climb and rappel independently, and second lead climbers. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 128 Beginning Tennis/Badminton (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of tennis and badminton, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation.

PEG 129 Intermediate Tennis (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for advanced skills development, knowledge of the activity, fitness improvement and enjoyment of playing intermediate tennis, while also gaining an understanding of higher level of play. Prerequisite: PEG 128 or PEG 120 or permission of instructor. A skill pre-assessment is required.  

PEG 130 Beginning Volleyball (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills development, knowledge of the activity, fitness improvement and enjoyment of playing volleyball, while also gaining an understanding of higher level of play.

PEG 132 Introduction to Scuba (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunity for exploration of the underwater world, by increasing knowledge of the underwater world as well as the comfort level that is required and the enjoyment of participation. The students will also, upon successful completion of the requirements of the course and the four Open Water training dives, obtain a PADI Open Water Diver Certification. A skill pre-assessment is required.  An additional fee will be charged.

PEM 141 Teaching Individual Sports (2 SH)

Students will learn basic movement skills, learn to analyze skills and plan developmentally- appropriate learning and assessment. The course is based upon on the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) approach. Students will develop tactical awareness and skill acquisition of the following individual sports: pickleball, badminton, tennis, yard games, bowling, golf, and archery. (Fall 2023)

PEM 142 Teaching Team Sports (2 SH)

Students will learn the basic movement skills, learn to analyze skills and plan developmentally- appropriate learning and assessment. The course is based upon on the Teaching Based on the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) approach. Students will develop tactical awareness and skill acquisition of the following team sports: soccer, team handball, basketball, lacrosse, field hockey, flag football, speedball, cricket, softball and ultimate Frisbee.

PEM 143 Fitness, Conditioning and Strength Training (2 SH)

This course is designed for department majors and minors to learn how to apply scientifically sound concepts of exercise and fitness to activity, fitness improvement and strength training. The course will focus on all aspects of physical fitness and assessment including strength training, speed development, cardio, flexibility and program development. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course.

PEM 144 Experiential Education and Recreational Games (2 SH)

The outdoor setting provides unique educational opportunities as the learner interacts with the natural environment. This course prepares prospective educators and recreation leaders to design, implement and evaluate various outdoor curriculum models and teaching strategies (including recreational pursuits, teambuilding, ropes courses and other outdoor activities). It provides students the opportunity to develop expertise in the use of developmentally appropriate recreational, cooperative, and competitive games to enhance skill development and fitness and strategies for quickly and fairly placing students/people into groups. (Fall 2024)

PEM 145 Rhythmic Activities (1 SH)

A course designed to provide the pre-service teacher (health and physical education, early childhood and elementary education) an aesthetic and kinesthetic movement experience in a variety of basic fundamental movement situations. The course includes: creative rhythmic movement, fundamental movement patterns, folk and line dance, square dance. The course also focuses on the development of the students' artistic and creative ability through the creation of an original movement routine.
Core: CA

PEM 231 Movement Education (1 SH)

Teacher candidates will focus on skill themes and movement concepts as well as qualitative assessment skills needed to successfully teach pre-school through fifth grade physical education. The process will enable physical educators to successfully structure the development of physically literate students. This course must be taken as part of the elementary physical education professional block and includes a 60 hour practicum (also includes PE 401). Course prerequisites: ED 101, 251, PE 301, and 302. Admission prerequisites: First semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education recommended, 2.7 cumulative GPA and the entry assessment math score required. Second semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education required. (Fall 2024)

PEV 151-165 Varsity Sports

Students may earn one semester hour of elective credit per season for participation on a varsity athletics team or for serving as an athletic trainer. These credits receive pass-fail grading. Requirements include starting and finishing the season on the team, being an active team member in good standing, and completing an acceptable reflection paper on the selected topic. Students whose course load already includes 18 SH will be required to pay an overload fee to receive PEV credit.

• 151 Varsity Baseball - 1

• 152 Varsity Basketball (Men) -  1

• 153 Varsity Basketball (Women) - 1

• 154 Varsity Cross Country - 1

• 155 Varsity Field Hockey - 1

• 156 Varsity Soccer (Men) - 1

• 157 Varsity Soccer (Women) - 1

• 158 Varsity Softball - 1

• 159 Varsity Track and Field - 1

• 160 Varsity Volleyball (Women) - 1

• 161 Varsity Volleyball (Men) - 1

• 162 Varsity Golf (Men) - 1

• 163 Varsity Golf (Women) - 1

• 164 Triathlon - 1

• 165 Lacrosse - 1

PH 175 Introduction to Public Health (3 SH)

This interdisciplinary core course will introduce students to public health in the US and globally using a social justice lens and emphasizing the interconnectedness of population and individual health. This course will cover foundational elements of public health, including its history and impact, the importance of health equity and human rights, and how racism manifests and is perpetuated within public health and healthcare systems. This is a foundational course for the public health program.
Core: NS

PH 231 Foundations of Public Health Immunology (3 SH)

Immunology crosses the scientific disciplines of molecular and cellular biology, anatomy, microbiology, medicine, and public health.  This introductory course will cover innate and adaptive reactions, vaccinations, failures of the immune system, and immunological techniques for disease detection.  Prerequisite: BIOL 240. Offered alternate years

PH 356 Epidemiology (3 SH)

Epidemiology is the field of public health that describes the who, what, where, why, and when of disease occurrence in human populations. Epidemiology is the study of all health phenomena, such as infectious diseases, heart disease, addiction, and maternal and child health. Topics in this course include measures of disease frequency and association, design and analysis of observational studies, disease screening, and applications to public health policy.   Prerequisites: PH 175 and STAT 120. (BMS 556) Offered alternate years

PHIL 201 Introduction to Philosophy (3 SH)

This course introduces students to key figures in the Western philosophical tradition and to the major questions with which those figures wrestled. Students read a variety of classic philosophical texts paying particular attention to problems of knowledge and skepticism, mind and world, ethics and politics.
Core: BR

PHIL 212 Ways of Knowing (3 SH)

Students engage watershed questions of human knowing such as: how do we know? When can we know that someone is wrong regarding their knowledge claims? What is truth? Just how important is truth? Issues of perspective, context, social construction of knowledge and gender and cultural difference will be explored.
Core: BR

PHIL 334 Moral Philosophy (3 SH)

Students encounter classical conceptions of ethics and morality articulated by Aristotle, Kant, Mill and the traditions of ethical virtue. The course will explore the relative importance of reason, character and good consequences in determining the right and the good. Prerequisite: PHIL 201 or permission of the instructor. Offered in alternate years
Core: BR

PHIL 412 Philosophy of Religion (3 SH)

This course examines issues that arise from a tradition of philosophical reflection on the language and truth claims of religion. Specific readings vary from year to year but will most often include theological and postcolonial responses to the phenomenon of the secular. (Spring 2024)
Core: BR

PHYS 151 College Physics I Lecture (3 SH)

The first semester of an algebra-based introductory physics sequence. This course is an introduction to classical mechanics, gravity, heat, and sound. Lectures cover the circumstances of important original discoveries and the related concepts and theories. Through laboratory experimentation and reporting, students may learn procedures by which scientists acquire and analyze data, methods by which scientists develop and evaluate theories, and criteria for effectively communicating scientific or technical findings. A major objective of this course is to equip students with a broad foundation of fundamental physical concepts and principles.
Core: QR

PHYS 162 College Physics II Lecture (3 SH)

The second semester of an algebra-based introductory physics sequence. Topics include electricity, magnetism, optics, and selected modern physics applications. Prerequisite: PHYS 151; corequisite: PHYS 263.

PHYS 252 University Physics I Lecture (3 SH)

The first semester of a calculus-based introductory physics sequence that aims to develop understanding of basic physical principles, problem-solving ability, and fluency with mathematical formulas. Topics include conservation laws, Newtonian mechanics, oscillatory motion, and relativity. Fulfills the CORE NS requirement for engineering majors only. Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 253. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185.
Core: QR

PHYS 253 University Physics I Lab (1 SH)

Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 252.
Core: TI

PHYS 262 University Physics II Lecture (3 SH)

The second semester of a calculus-based introductory physics sequence. Topics include electromagnetism, optics, quantum mechanics, and thermodynamics. Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 263. Prerequisite: PHYS 252.

PHYS 263 University Physics II Lab (1 SH)

Must be taken concurrently with PHYS 262.

PHYS 405 Thermodynamics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Topics include gases, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, chemical and phase equilibria in single and multi-component systems, chemical reaction rate laws and mechanisms. Prerequisite: two semesters of math, recommended completion of MATH 195. (CHEM 405) (Fall 2024)

PHYS 406 Quantum Mechanics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of basic QM as related to atomic and molecular structures. Topics include application of the Schrodinger equation to model systems, hydrogenic wave functions, approximation methods, models of chemical bonding, and spectroscopy. Prerequisite: two semesters of math including MATH 195 or instructor permission. (CHEM 406) (Fall 2023)

POL 101 Introduction to Politics (3 SH)

An introduction to the study of politics where students will become familiar with the government policies and institutional structures that influence the major political issues of  time. The course will also examine the structure and activities of the most typical kinds of political systems and the way individuals, groups, and institutions both conflict and work together in each. Offered through Lancaster

POL 111 Comparative Politics (2 SH)

This course provides a review of the basic framework and foundational concepts of politics, exploring key questions in contemporary comparative politics. The course will focus on several questions that have long been central to the study of comparative governments: (1) why democracy emerges and survives in some countries but not in others; (2) how political stability affects economic development; (3) how political institutions (constitutional, electoral, administrative, and party systems) vary across countries and why these variations matter; and (4) how contentious politics often turn violent and take the forms of civil war.
Core: SB

POL 112 American Politics (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the study of American politics, covering a range of substantive topics related to the American political system. Topics covered in this course are as follows: the cultural and constitutional foundations of American politics; its institutional structures, including the Congress and the presidency; the political behavior of elites as well as ordinary American citizens; and contemporary political debates over issues of racism, immigration, economic inequality, and partisan polarization.
Core: SB

POL 113 International Relations (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the study of international relations. It covers the key approaches to and issues in the field, including the causes of war and peace, nuclear proliferation, trade, finance, globalization, international law, human rights, and the environment.
Core: SB

POL 220 U.S. Foreign Policy (3 SH)

This course examines the history and contemporary issues of American foreign policy. As the most powerful country in the international system, the United States has been uniquely positioned to shape and influence international politics since the end of World War II. Has it been a peacemaker or a warmonger? The course asks what constraints, dilemmas, risks, and opportunities affected major foreign policy decisions in U.S. history and evaluates the efficacy of America's foreign policy instruments such as international institutions, alliances, and military power in crises and conflicts. This course also aims to expose students to contemporary foreign policy issues. (Spring 2024)

POL 230 International Norms and Institutions (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of the history, objectives, impacts, and effectiveness of norms and institutions in international politics. It examines (1) how international norms and institutions evolve; (2) why and how governments and civil society actors promote international norms and institutions; (3) why states join institutions and comply with international rules and regulations; (4) how international norms affect state behavior; and (5) what determines the effectiveness of international norms and laws. Along with theoretical and historical reviews, students will also study empirical topics such as the United Nations, international humanitarian law, transnational advocacy groups and human rights regimes, international trade and finance organizations, and environmental institutions. (Spring 2025)

POL 250 Law, Justice, and the Local Context (3 SH)

This course seeks to give context to the rule of law and the pursuit of justice in Harrisonburg, Rockingham County and the Commonwealth of Virginia. Students will see how theories of law and justice play out in practice at the local level in police work, the court system, detention and restorative justice. The course highlights dynamics of immigration status, race, identity, class and power across a range of issues. The class format will engage diverse speakers, on-site visits to state agencies and non-governmental groups, dynamic readings and other resources. (Spring 2025)
Core: CE

POL 340-345 Topics in Political Studies (3 SH)

This course is offered as instructors with special expertise in an area are available to offer unique or trial content.

POL 441 Political Science Internship (1-3 SH)

Designed for upper-level political studies minors who want to explore career options and gain practical experience in local, state or federal government work. Approval from the history department is required one semester in advance. Students take initiative in arranging their own placement. Internship can be completed in the summer. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Students may be able to meet the requirement (but not earn credit) through documentation of a noncredit experience, upon departmental approval.

POL 481 Pre-Law Internship (1-3 SH)

Minors enter a semester or summer-session internship through their major. Some options would be in the immediate area, while others would tap into EMU and MCC programs in Washington, New York, and abroad. These might include paralegal work, mediation work, VORP, WCSC, SALT, or the MCC U.N. Liaison. Note: Students completing an internship/ practicum for their major (e.g. Business, PXD) can use this to satisfy the pre-law internship with approval from the history department. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Students may be able to meet the requirement (but not earn credit) through documentation of a non-credit experience, upon departmental approval.

PPX 371 Peace and Security in East Asia (3 SH)

This course aims to introduce and analyze the history and international relations of East Asia, which is one of the most dynamic and consequential regions in world politics today. The first part of the course will explore historical backgrounds of the region with a focus on political, economic, and security development from the late 19th century to the post-Cold War era. The second part will examine various regional security challenges and foreign/ security policies of the key countries (China, Japan, the two Koreas, and ASEAN countries), encouraging students to think whether the region is heading towards peace or conflict. The ultimate goal of this course is to enable students to produce an academic research paper on a topic of their interests, by immersing themselves in important peace and security issues in East Asia. (Spring 2024)
Core: HI, WI

PPX 401 Human Rights and Dignity (4 SH)

This course introduces students to the study of human rights from a political perspective. By taking this course, students should be able to (1) think critically and analytically about human rights and dignity; (2) demonstrate knowledge of key conceptual debates, the history and evolution of the international human rights regime, and relevant cases of human rights violations; (3) develop informed positions on key issues of human rights and identify ways to prevent human rights violations at home and abroad; and (4) attain critical writing and oral skills through active class participation, weekly response essays, and a final paper. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

PPX 405-409 Topics in Politics and Peace Studies (3-4 SH)

These courses are offered as instructors with special expertise in an area are available to offer unique or trial content.

PPX 405 Topics in Politics-International Security (4 SH)

Core: WI

PPX 421 Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention (4 SH)

This course examines genocides and mass atrocities in the modern world from an interdisciplinary perspective. We will look at historical and contemporary genocides— Armenia, the Holocaust, Nanjing, Cambodia, Rwanda, former Yugoslavia, Darfur, and Myanmar—and analyze their causes and patterns of development. Engaging various disciplines such as political science, history, peace studies, psychology, and sociology, students will explore theoretical and policy issues such as theories of genocide, various forms of destruction, gender and genocide, humanitarian intervention debate, prevention of mass atrocity, genocide denial, and collective memory. (Fall 2023)
Core: WI

PPX 431 Political Reconciliation (4 SH)

How should a society address the legacies of mass atrocities and human rights violations of the past? This course examines the issue of political reconciliation after armed conflicts and violent political transitions. Students will explore key issues and debates related to transitional justice such as criminal prosecutions and trials, truth commissions, reparations, official apologies, amnesty, guilt and denial, and forgiveness. Such frameworks of political reconciliation will be critically examined, asking how well these policies fulfill an ethic of peacebuilding as well as justice and help societies address their pasts marred by conflict, violence, and oppression. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

PSYC 101 General Psychology (3 SH)

An introduction to the principles, language, methods and major topics of the science of behavior and mental life. Emphasizes exploration and application in the following areas of psychology: neuroscience, human consciousness, learning, memory, motivation, development, and abnormal behavior among others.
Core: SB

PSYC 202 Developmental Psychology (3 SH)

Designed to introduce the principles, theory, and methods of developmental psychology. Examines the factors affecting the development of behavior, cognition, and emotions throughout the entire lifespan. Current research relevant to the entire lifespan is reviewed and analyzed. Social and emotional issues affecting the individual, family, and community are analyzed.
Core: SB

PSYC 203 Developmental Case Study (1 SH)

Designed to introduce the skills of behavioral observation based on developmental principles. A one-to-one experience with a young child using suggested activities. To be taken during or after PSYC 202. Prerequisite: minimum of two semesters previous enrollment at EMU. Registration preference given to psychology majors.
Core: CE

PSYC 221 Social Psychology (3 SH)

This course examines the major variables affecting an individual's beliefs, emotions, and behavior in social situations. Topics include prosocial behavior, aggression and violence, prejudice, social perception, social cognition, attitudes, self-justification, persuasion, conformity, media influence, and attraction. Principles derived from social psychology research are applied to cultural, institutional, and group processes. Prerequisite: PSYC 101 or PSYC 202.
Core: SB

PSYC 231 Applied Behavior Analysis (3 SH)

Develops students' skills of behavioral observation and analysis. Students learn to plan, conduct and evaluate programs of behavior change for themselves and others. Focuses on the ethical issues involved in the application of behavior principles to socially significant behaviors in a variety of settings.

PSYC 301 Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships (3 SH)

Provides a basic framework for conceiving of human communication as a unique combination of theoretical and practical skills. Students learn firsthand the dynamics of intrapersonal and small-group communication through a variety of activities designed to foster an increased awareness of how transactional communication works. The importance of interpersonal relationship skills in the helping professions is emphasized and an Anabaptist framework for working restoratively in community is explored in this course. Preference given to junior and senior level psychology majors.

PSYC 311 Psychological Design and Analysis (3 SH)

This course is a laboratory course designed to examine contemporary experimental work in psychology. Students will discuss experimental research methodologies, begin to develop computational expertise using JASP, and apply data analysis skills learned in STAT 120 Descriptive Statistics. Application of skills will be demonstrated in the creation of a research paper. Prerequisite or corequisite: STAT 120.
Core: TI, WI

PSYC 331 Abnormal Psychology (3 SH)

An interdisciplinary approach to understanding abnormal (maladaptive) behavior emphasizing the crucial roles of learning and life stressors in the development and maintenance of abnormal behaviors. The clinical characteristics, causal factors and treatments of maladaptive behavior patterns are examined, including the areas of assessment, therapy and prevention. Students will also learn to identify and evaluate the accuracy of psychological disorders as depicted in popular media. Prerequisite: PSYC 101 or PSYC 202.

PSYC 342 Cognitive Psychology (3 SH)

This course explores questions about how we acquire, store, retrieve, and use knowledge. Topics such as models of memory, mental imagery, language comprehension, problem solving, decision-making, and cognitive development will be covered. The course also covers relevant content that will appear on the MCAT and an exploration of applications to health professions. Prerequisite: PSYC 101 (BMC 572)

PSYC 361 Theories of Personality (3 SH)

Empirical strategies that are particularly relevant to the study of personality process, human behavior and human experience provide a systematic study of the person. Major theories and principles of personality adjustment are studied, such as dispositional, genetic, cognitive and biological factors related to the understanding of personality. Prerequisite: PSYC 331.

PSYC 380-385 Topics in Psychology (3 SH)

Courses on a variety of topics in psychology are offered on a rotating basis depending on student and faculty interest. Topics include: intercultural psychology, marriage and family, introduction to clinical psychology, psychology of pop culture and theology, forensics, psychology and spirituality, creativity, and narrative psychology. Open to psychology majors only. Prerequisite: junior/senior level status.

PSYC 382 Topics in Psychology-Health Psychology (3 SH)

This course is meant as an introduction to the field of health psychology, a subspecialty of psychology that is concerned with health and illness, pain, adaptation to chronic illness, stress and coping, personality and illness, substance use, eating behaviors, health-promoting behaviors, patient adherence, physician-patient communication, and using health care. Prerequisite: PSYC 101. (Fall 2023)

PSYC 383 Topics in Psychology-Psychology and Christianity (3 SH)

An introduction to the philosophical and theoretical issues related to perceived conflicts between, and the integration of, psychology and Christian faith. The course will include an overview of the history of science and Christianity, as well as several proposed models for integrating psychological theory and practice with Christian theology. Further topics will include epistemology, grief and lament, sin and grace, and personhood. Prerequisite: PSYC 101. (Fall 2023)

PSYC 391 Introduction to Counseling (3 SH)

Counseling is studied from a Christian discipleship perspective. Emphasis is placed on understanding and developing helping skills utilized in the context of the church, mental health agencies, and school settings. Applications for counseling skills are examined along with a basic exposure to counseling theories and theories of development. Enrollment strictly limited to junior and senior psychology majors and helping professions.

PSYC 441 Teaching of Psychology (1 SH)

Students serve as teaching assistants for a psychology course in which the student has successfully demonstrated mastery of the material. Enrollment limited to psychology majors. Prerequisite: junior/senior level status.

PSYC 451 Neuropsychology (3 SH)

Survey of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including loss of function studies and the function of sensory receptors and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the role of general neurophysiological principles that affect human behavior. (BIOL 451) (Spring 2024)
Core: NS

PSYC 472 Research in Psychology (2 SH)

Introduces the essentials of designing, conducting, and evaluating research in psychology. Topics include: formulating research questions, understanding variables, research designs, control, conducting a literature review, sampling, measurement, collecting data, validity, reliability, and ethics. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are considered. Prerequisites: two semesters of successful coursework in psychology at EMU, STAT 120, PSYC 311 and PSYC 341 or PSYC 342.
Core: WI

PSYC 473 Research in Psychology-Applied (2 SH)

Students complete a research project under the supervision of psychology faculty. Involves formulating a research question, conducting a literature search, collecting and analyzing data, writing and presenting a final report. Open to majors only.

PSYC 482 Psychology Internship I (2 SH)

Students gain field experience in a psychology related agency. The practicum is designed to begin developing students' psychological skills and abilities as professionals by utilizing previous coursework. A written plan must be approved and a contract made with the agency where the practicum work will occur. The agency and the practicum instructor provide supervision. Open to senior psychology majors only. Prerequisites: two semesters of successful coursework in psychology at EMU and PSYC 331.
Core: CE + PSYC 483

PSYC 483 Psychology Internship II (2 SH)

This capstone course builds on the field experience in Internship I. After students complete 150 hours of direct service in an area agency, they apply their learning in supervised settings by developing and presenting a case study, analyzing the integration of faith and practice, and exploring ethical decision making in the helping profession. The internship experience and processing sessions are designed to develop students' professional expertise in psychology. Open to senior psychology majors only. Prerequisite: PSYC 482.
Core: CE + PSYC 482

PSYC 499 Independent Study (1 SH)

PXD 151 Exploring Conflict and Peace (3 SH)

This course introduces students to theories, key terms, concepts, and skills related to peace and conflict in war and violence, and justice and peacebuilding. Students will discover and attend to their own conflict styles, learn about introductory skills for dealing with conflict on an interpersonal level, become familiar with factors contributing to conflict at the community, national and international levels and explore peacebuilding as a framework for addressing conflict. An overview of current global issues is central to the course along with an exploration of rights, roles and responsibilities for individuals and nations.
Core: SB

PXD 225 Theories of Social Change (3 SH)

This course is designed as an introduction to key sociological theories, with a focus on how these impact the dynamics of social change. The theories covered range from micro social- psychology perspectives to macro-structural approaches. The course specifically interrogates how ideas about the nature of social relations influence our perceptions of how social systems are constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed. The course opens up the space for students to reflect on their own personal life journeys as well as provides the opportunity for vigorous debate around real-time contemporary issues and engagement with how theoretical frameworks actively shape the macro sphere and our collective lives. Most importantly, students experience how social theories are driving agents of change on the personal, local and global levels. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite: PXD 151, SOC 101 or SOC 201 (SOC 225)
Core: WI

PXD 261 Community and Conflict Analysis Techniques (3 SH)

In order to promote sustainable change, it is important to understand the context in which we work. This course provides an introduction to social situation assessment strategies and conflict analysis. Students will complete a personal and community conflict assessment and consider how such analysis supports and contributes to change efforts including development and peacebuilding practice. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. (Spring 2025)

PXD 331 Restorative Justice and Trauma Awareness (3 SH)

This course will explore how traumagenic experiences influence a person’s body, social identities, and social context. In these experiences, harms are created and done to individuals, groups of people, communities, and organizations. We will explore how the values, principles, and practices of restorative justice can speak into and transform these harms. We will also explore how systems of domination and oppression create traumagenic systems designed to create harm on participants of the system. With its emphasis on theory and practice, the course is useful for those planning to work in church ministry, business, education, social work, peacebuilding, and many other areas.

PXD 335 Understanding Violent Conflict (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of explanations of violence at the personal, group, societal and national levels. Causes of violence are context-specific, multi-causal, multi-dimensional and may result from a variety of political and social, socioeconomic, and resource and environmental factors. The relationship between violence and social change will be explored. There will be special focus on explanations of war, terrorism, gun violence, and identity-based violence (gender-based, hate crimes, etc.). (Fall 2023)

PXD 341 Mediation and Facilitation (3 SH)

This course is an introduction to the theory and practice of mediation and facilitation, two processes for conflict transformation. Students will learn about conflict, group dynamics theory, teambuilding, and leadership for transforming conflict. Students demonstrate learning through role plays and facilitation on campus of conversation on issues that cause tension. With its emphasis on practical applications, the course is useful for those planning to work in church ministry, business, education, social work, and many other areas. First- and second-year students by permission of instructor only.
Core: CI

PXD 345 Peacebuilding Theory and Action (3 SH)

The course will explore the theoretical bases for peacebuilding analysis and action. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the field, this course will draw on a number of theoretical streams to understand the assumptions that guide peace practitioners in action and reflection on their peacebuilding efforts. Prerequisite: PXD 225 or permission of instructor.

PXD 365 Social and Political Economy (3 SH)

This course introduces students to the interdisciplinary fields of social and political economy and the role that social, economic, political, cultural and environmental/ecological processes play in shaping society. Students will consider the political economy of various social problems such as poverty, war, exploitation, and protracted social conflict.
Core: SB, WI

PXD 375 Globalization and Justice (3 SH)

The task in this class is to examine the debates about globalization. Is it new? Is it a force for good or bad? Does it bring people together or drive them apart? Is it a homogenizing or fragmenting force? What, or who, drives it? Is 'globalization' just another word for 'Westernization'? How is it being resisted? We will also engage a further set of questions concerning theology and the church. How is globalization affecting the church? What does it mean to think in terms of a church whose center of gravity is no longer Europe and North America (if it ever was)?
Core: SB

PXD 431 Peacebuilding and Development Practicum (1-3 SH)

A practicum provides PXD majors (and minors by permission) opportunities for practical off-campus experience in settings related to the field. Many students complete the practicum requirement by participating in the Washington Community Scholars' Center. Other local and global placements, including the possibility of an international practicum placement through the International Peacebuilding and Development Practicum (IPDP) program, may be pursued in coordination with the student's advisor.
Core: CE

PXD 432 Formation for Peacebuilding Practice (3 SH)

As individuals working for peace, social justice, reduction of violence, and the possibility of reconciliation, we are the instruments of the work. How can we best prepare ourselves to take constructive action whether in a professional role or in a personal relationship? This course will explore four areas of awareness and accountability essential for effectiveness in our action efforts. These areas of content and engagement, described more fully in the syllabus, are self-awareness, self-assessment, self-management, and self- and community care. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 532)

PXD 433 Analysis: Understanding Conflict (3 SH)

Analysis focuses on understanding the factors that cause conflict and violence and those that support peacebuilding and social justice. Good conflict and injustice analysis skills are a central component of designing effective strategies for promoting social change that transforms conflicts and supports justice. In this course, we will engage with each other and with course materials to develop and refine our skills for analyzing situations of conflict and injustice in order to identify opportunities for transformative action. We will use a variety of analytical models or lenses, including identity (gender, religion, nationality, etc.), human needs, narrative, power, culture, worldview, and others to understand conflict. We will also work with case studies of conflicts at multiple social levels (personal, relational, structural, and cultural) to practice our analysis skills and identify opportunities to take action. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 533)

PXD 435 Global Challenges, Local Struggles and Transnational Solidarities (3 SH)

This course focuses on social and global processes of transformation, local experiences and expressions, and transnational solidarities that emerge in response to these challenges. It will be concerned with institutions, relations of power, and the relationship between power and the production of justice and peacebuilding theories and practices. It will add to students’ comprehensive overview of justice and peacebuilding practice and its multi-disciplinary, multilevel aspects. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 635)

PXD 441 Leadership Practicum (1 SH)

Students gain leadership experience through leading program efforts or related student clubs in a variety of areas on campus and within the community. They reflect on leadership styles and analyze their own methods of communication and leadership through direct immersion. By permission only.

PXD 451 Program Evaluation Through Qualitative Methods (3 SH)

This course is designed to help students explore the theory and practice of program evaluation, especially if interested in working in social service, business development, mission-related programs or projects, and local or international NGOs. The course will review the current range of thinking on the philosophies, purpose, and structure of program evaluation, with an emphasis on how to use qualitative methods in evaluations. Students will gain hands-on experience in how to design an evaluation, how to determine the appropriate methods and collect data, and an analysis of ongoing program evaluation and evaluation reports. Sociological and anthropological approaches will provide the theoretical and philosophical background for our work, but the focus will be on practical applications of qualitative methodology in evaluation. Prerequisite: SOC 336. (PAX 516) (Fall 2023)

PXD 485 Global Development (3 SH)

This course introduces students to the field of global development through examining both the history of the field and the current debates and challenges faced by development practitioners. The purpose is to explore and critically evaluate the basic assumptions underlying the major competing theories and current approaches towards alleviating poverty and global inequality. This course approaches the phenomenon of development in its broadest sense as the study of change, with attention to global justice, equity, and the historical links between development, colonialism, and global capitalism. (PAX 585)

PXD 494 Foundations for Justice and Peacebuilding I (6 SH)

In this course a team of faculty members coaches students as they acquire foundational knowledge and practice the core skills for peacebuilding: analysis, theory, research, planning, and practice. Students work individually and in teams to apply theories and skills to cases that progress in complexity from interpersonal and small group to organizational level conflicts. Students also increase their self-awareness as well as their capacity for professional judgment and reflective practice. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 534)

PXD 495 Foundations for Justice and Peacebuilding II (6 SH)

In this course a team of faculty members coaches students as they further develop their knowledge and skills for dealing with conflict and situations of injustice. Students work individually and in teams to apply new ideas and skills to cases that progress in complexity from the community to the national and to the global level. Students continue to develop their self-awareness as well as their capacity for professional judgment and reflective practice. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 634)

PXD 499 Independent Study (1-4 SH)

REL 201 Introduction to Religious Studies (3 SH)

This course introduces a range of historical and contemporary approaches to the study of religion. Various theories and methodologies will be examined with special attention given to the functions of religion within culture and the insights this provides for Christians.
Core: BR

REL 223 World Religions (3 SH)

A historical and comparative study of the great religions of the world in order to understand values and meaning in specific cultural settings. The religions are evaluated at the level of their own claims and in light of biblical revelation. Special attention is given to a theology of religions, to emerging models of Christian witness to other religions, and to Christian theological development in the context of non-Christian religions.
Core: BR

REL 310-315 Topics in Religion (3 SH)

This course is designed to focus on issues that arise in the discipline of religious studies or at the intersection of Christian theology and other disciplines. Topics may include inter-religious dialogue, race and gender, political theory, economics, peacebuilding, and trauma theory. Consideration will be given to how theology may best enter into mutually enriching conversation with other religions and other academic disciplines.
Core: BR

REL 312 Topics in Religion-Women and the Bible (3 SH)

Offered in alternate years
Core: BR

REL 423 Judaism, Christianity, Islam-Comparative Monotheisms (3 SH)

This course will focus on the three monotheistic religions. The literature, beliefs and practices of each religion will be examined and similarities and contrasts noted. Specific religious themes will be compared in the context of the Christian interface with Judaism and Islam. (Spring 2025)
Core: BR

RSM 101 Introduction to Health, Physical Education and Recreation (3 SH)

The significance and meaning of health, physical education, recreation, leisure, play, and sport in modern society are examined. Includes the theories of play, models of sport, and the recreational and sport movement in the U.S. Role and scope of health, physical education, recreation and sport programs in the community, schools, commercial, and industrial settings are examined along with an introduction to professional and career issues in the field. (PE 101)

RSM 211 Sophomore Practicum-RSM (1 SH)

This is an opportunity for majors to explore involvement in the fields of recreation leadership and sport promotion, youth ministry, or kinesiology and sport science. A seasonal-level employment or volunteer position will be secured, with a suggested clock-hour involvement of 40 hours. Options include working in a university or high school athletic department, counseling at a summer camp, high school or university athletic training operation, or a physical therapy or adult fitness facility. Assignments will include several reflective exercises asking the student to explore characteristics of the profession and personal suitability to the field.
Core: CE

RSM 305 Risk Management in Recreation Sport (3 SH)

Proactive approach to managing risks associated with conducting recreation and sport related programs. This course will emphasize safety as a foundation of quality program planning. The topics include legal concepts related to specific managerial functions, impacts on functions in recreation and sport environments that result in more efficient and successful operation and protection for the organization.

RSM 309 Recreation and Sport Program and Event Planning (3 SH)

The course focuses on the principles and approaches to planning and implementing recreation and sport programs and events. A philosophical and practical basis for preparing a variety of recreation programs will be covered. Non-majors by instructor permission only. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

RSM 402 Facility Design and Supervision in Sports and Recreation (2 SH)

This class follows the facility planning and design process, from establishing and defining the need, to programmatic prioritization, to blueprint and specification development. Issues of supervision, management, and cost are considered. Applications will be for commercial and non-profit organizations; planning for both outdoor and indoor areas are addressed. (Spring 2025)

RSM 405 Recreation and Sport Administration (3 SH)

The course focuses on organization and administration practices such as budgeting and purchasing, office management, annual reports, supervision of personnel, working with boards and volunteer leaders.

RSM 411 Senior Internship (4 SH)

This course is the culminating professional development experience for recreation leadership and sport studies majors. The involvement consists of a pre-professional or entry-level position in a related organization or agency, preferably emphasizing the student's specialty or concentration. The time commitment is a minimum of 10 weeks and 160 hours. Assignments include a personal journal, a time log, and various reflective pieces asking the student to apply theory to practice, and evaluate personal suitability to the field. An on-site supervisor conducts monitoring and evaluation, with an EMU faculty assigned as institutional liaison. Prerequisites: Senior status and departmental approval. WCSC 385 may satisfy for students who have earned 90 SHs prior to enrolment in WCSC.
Core: CE

RSM 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

SOC 101 Introduction to Sociology (3 SH)

In this course students will be introduced to the sociological method and to key theoretical perspectives that engage their sociological imagination around issues such as culture, race, gender, deviance, socialization, and stratification. This encounter will challenge students to analyze and observe life from diverse vantage points as they learn to systematically reflect on how and why individuals and groups behave as they do.
Core: SB

SOC 201 Sociology of Health (3 SH)

This course examines not only the social contexts that shape health and illness but also how these critically impact the provision as well as outcomes of medical care. The course is organized around social engagement at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. This provides the sociology content required for MCATs.

SOC 210 Social Stratification (3 SH)

This course on human behavior in the social environment focuses on theories of social stratification and inequality. Students will explore various interpretations of the causes and consequences of inequality within the United States. Enrollment priority given to majors in the department. (SOWK 210)
Core: SB

SOC 225 Theories of Social Change (3 SH)

This course is designed as an introduction to key sociological theories, with a focus on how these impact the dynamics of social change. The theories covered range from micro social- psychology perspectives to macro-structural approaches. The course specifically interrogates how ideas about the nature of social relations influence our perceptions of how social systems are constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed. Most importantly, students experience how social theories are driving agents of change on the personal, local and global levels. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite: PXD 151 or SOC 101 or SOC 201. (PXD 225)
Core: WI

SOC 245 Environment and Society (3 SH)

The goal of this course is for students to develop a critical understanding of the dominant trends that have shaped environmental policy in the United States over the past 150 years. Key historical approaches include conservationism, deep ecology, ecofeminism, and the environmental justice movement. Throughout the course's duration students will interrogate how perceptions regarding the environment play a central role in regulating how they interact with their natural surroundings.
Core: SB

SOC 255 Social Movements (3 SH)

This course provides a sociological framework for understanding the ways that people, working together, attempt to alleviate social problems. We begin by exploring and evaluating models and tactics of making change. We then examine forms of collective behavior, ending with a focus on social movements comprised of organized groups attempting to influence various audiences. Sociological theories are applied to historical and contemporary cases that involve violent and nonviolent tactics. Offered in alternate years
Core: SB

SOC 315 Religion in Culture and Society (3 SH)

This course is an analysis of the social, cultural and political contexts that profoundly affect religious institutions and expressions, and upon which religion has an influence. It includes such topics as meaning and belonging, modern individualism, dynamics of religious collectives and the impact of religion on social change. Offered through Goshen College

SOC 330 Social Justice and Social Change (3 SH)

This course begins with a history of social justice and social change as concepts in the field of sociology and then sees how this foundation influenced contemporary social justice practitioners and theorists. Particular attention is given to social movements, the role of organizing, and civil society. Theory is integrated into practical social justice methodologies and community-based learning. Particular attention is paid to issues of power and powerlessness in domestic and/or international contexts. Prerequisite: SOC 152. This course may be taken as part of the Peace and Conflict Studies minor.  Offered through Bluffton University
Core: SB

SOC 334 Cultural Anthropology (3 SH)

This course offers an overview of the study of culture in a globalized world. It introduces students to the field of cultural anthropology, a field that offers concepts and tools to study culture and navigate the complex, multicultural, and changing realities of the world around them. Students will learn to appreciate cultural diversity and intercultural engagement, gaining a deeper understanding of their role as agents of social change.
Core: SB

SOC 336 Methods of Social Research (3 SH)

The course provides an introduction to social research methods and prepares students to analyze, interpret, and critique quantitative social science research. Over the course of the semester students design and develop a research proposal. At various times during the semester the class will meet in a computer laboratory in order to access research tools and statistical software. Enrollment priority given to majors in the department. Prerequisites: STAT 120 and one of the following: SOC 101, SOC 201, POL 111, POL 113, PXD 151, GS 101.
Core: TI

SOC 340 Family in Social Context (3 SH)

Students explore contemporary family structure and dynamics from historical, inter cultural, developmental, and practical perspectives. This course provides an overview of courtship, marriage, gender roles, parenting, aging, family crisis, and conflict resolution.

SOC 350 Urban Sociology (3 SH)

In this course students explore their connection to an increasingly urban world by examining patterns of urban settlement, theories of urbanism, the “community question,” and the problems and possibilities of urban life through the perspectives of urban planning. The course includes a focus on the roles of race and class as factors influencing social interaction and use of space in urban environments. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 201.
Core: SB

SOC 351-355 Topics in Sociology (3 SH)

Courses on a variety of topics in sociology are offered on a rotating basis depending on student and faculty interest SOC 350 Urban Sociology (3 SH) In this course students explore their connection to an increasingly urban world by examining patterns of urban settlement, theories of urbanism, the "community question," and the problems and possibilities of urban life through the perspectives of urban planning. The course includes a focus on the roles of race and class as factors influencing social interaction and use of space in urban environments. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 201.

SOC 351 Topics in Sociology-Religion in Culture and Society (3 SH)

An analysis of the social, cultural and political contexts that profoundly affect religious institutions and expressions, and upon which religion has an influence. Course includes such topics as meaning and belonging, modern individualism, dynamics of religious collectives and the impact of religion on social change. This course is taught in a distance education format as part of the Mennonite Sociology Collaborative.

SOC 360 Criminology (3 SH)

This course is an introduction to crime and society centered on criminological theories and methods and the ways such theories are integrated within public policy and the criminal justice system. Content also includes an examination of alternative forms of justice and restorative approaches. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 201. (Spring 2024)

SOC 363 Criminal Justice (2 SH)

This course is designed to provide a basic foundation for understanding the different components of our criminal justice system, including Law Enforcement, Courts, and Corrections. Additionally, this course will cover Victimology (Crime Victims' Rights Movement, patterning of victimization, costs and consequences of victimization, victims' role within the criminal justice system, Victim Impact Statements, and victim advocacy), as well as Crime Prevention (primary/secondary/tertiary techniques, local programs, and role of Restorative Justice). (Spring 2025)

SOC 375 Community Development (3 SH)

In this course we consider how communities differ from place to place and learn about community-based organizations working in and around DC to improve local neighborhoods. Community development focuses on meeting the needs of places that have been marginalized from political and economic power: communities with limited access to good schools, jobs, adequate housing, quality food, and other resources that make life easier and more fulfilling. We learn about the ways people work together to improve neighborhoods, to access external resources, and to more fully meet the needs of their neighbors.
Core: SB

SOC 385 Community Organizing and Development Internship (3 SH)

Faculty and staff at the Washington Community Scholars' Center (Washington Community Scholars’ Center ) work with students to place them in internships in and around DC that meet their disciplinary and career goals and that fall within the diverse fields of community organizing and community development. Both community organizing and community development are rooted in efforts to address place-based disadvantage and draw on a common set of analyses of the geography of inequality and the ways that race contours that landscape. Refer to the WCSC website for a directory of recent internship placements: Internships .

SOC 392 Junior Seminar in Social Research (3 SH)

Students examine the philosophy of science in sociology and gain experience in the practice of social research through work on individual projects. To be taken spring semester of the junior year. Offered as part of the sociology online collaborative. Prerequisite: SOC 336.
Core: WI

SOC 409 Field Experience in Sociology (3 SH)

Experience in the practice of sociological analysis or social research outside the classroom. Corequisite or prerequisite: SOC 392.
Core: CE

SOC 410 Senior Capstone (1 SH)

This course is designed as a summative experience for sociology majors. Questions related to academic conferences, resume writing, graduate school application, and sociology as a vocation will be addressed. Students may complete their research and writing, culminating in a formal presentation of their work. Prerequisite: SOC 392.

SOC 430 Environmental Justice (3 SH)

This course provides an examination of structural patterns of injustice around environmental harms and benefits.  We examine the history and construction of environmental problems and paradigms and the development of an environmental justice discourse brought about through social movements.  Through selected case studies we explore an array of issues, including climate justice, electronic waste trade, water rights, urban greenspace, “natural” disaster, internal colonialism, and war.  The course is designed to complement and enrich students’ studies in a host of fields, including public health, urban planning, public administration, community organizing, humanitarian aid, engineering, and law.  Prioritized enrollment is given to students completing the environmental justice minor.  Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. (Spring 2024)

SOC 442 Teaching of Sociology (1-3 SH)

Students interested in mentored teaching practice have the opportunity through this class to cultivate professional skills and to deepen understanding of discipline-specific content. Students can earn credit by serving as teaching assistants for SOC 101 or PXD 151. Enrollment is limited to majors or minors in the department. Prerequisite: junior/ senior status by permission only.

SOC 470 Community Organizing and Nonviolent Mobilization for Social Change (3 SH)

This course is an introduction to the history, theories, and tactics of community organizing in the United States since the early 20th century. Community organizing is fundamentally a project of power building within and among groups of people marginalized from existing power structures. In this class, we begin by asking what community is and how power functions and proceed to learn about issues, tactics, and campaigns that have been used in fights for local change over the past century and continue to be used today. We work to understand how local concerns and campaigns to address them are situated within larger structures of power and inequality. (PAX 570)
Core: SB

SOC 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

SOWK 101 Exploring Social Work (3 SH)

This entry-level course introduces the core competencies, skills, ethics and values necessary for generalist social work practice in contemporary society. Services, policies and practices are presented along with the unique experiences of marginalized populations affected by various social problems. Students participate in human service agency visits and engage in a 20-hour community learning volunteer experience.
Core: CE, SB

SOWK 200 Social Behavior and Diversity (3 SH)

Social work has historically used the idea of person-in-environment and has developed a multidimensional understanding of human behavior inclusive of human diversity related to gender, class, race and ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, and disability. This course follows a multidimensional approach highlighting case studies and focusing on biological, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of persons; as well as multiple contextual dimensions of environment including physical, cultural, social structural, family, small group, organizational, community, and social movement.
Core: SB

SOWK 210 Social Stratification (3 SH)

This course on human behavior in the social environment focuses on theories of social stratification and inequality. Students will explore various interpretations of the causes and consequences of inequality within the United States. Enrollment priority given to Applied Social Sciences majors (social work, sociology, peacebuilding, sustainability, global studies). (SOC 210)
Core: SB

SOWK 220 History and Philosophy of Social Welfare (3 SH)

This course explores the historical roots of social welfare and the development of social welfare philosophy and policy in the United States through a historical overview of society's helping process toward diverse populations-at risk. This course describes and critiques historical and current social welfare organizations - their policies, programs, and services. Attention is given to developing professional values to undergird the helping process. Recommended prerequisite: SOWK 101.

SOWK 310 Social Work Practice I (3 SH)

This course focuses on common models and theoretical frameworks that guide direct social work practice, client assessment and intervention. The course provides structured practice of the fundamental interpersonal skills required for effective social work practice teaching interviewing skills, critical thinking about interview processes, and the stages of the social work helping process (from intake through termination). Students will learn strength-based client assessment, apply social work ethical principles to learning exercises and real or simulated case situations that evolve their understanding of professional social work roles and responsibilities. Restricted to students who have formally declared their social work major with the registrar's office. Prerequisite: SOWK 101, SOWK 200 or PSYC 202.

SOWK 330 Social Policy Analysis (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of social welfare policy (including social insurance, public welfare, and social services) in the global context. Generalist social work practitioners need to understand how global, national, state, and local policies affect the delivery of human services, and the importance of social work advocacy both on behalf of vulnerable populations, and the organizations and programs that address human social problems. Students engage in research, analysis and critique of a national or state level social problem and its historic and contemporary social welfare policy responses. This course builds on content introduced in SOWK 220 Social Welfare History and Philosophy.
Core: WI

SOWK 360 Race and Gender (3 SH)

This course focuses on the systemic nature of racism and sexism in the United States. Students will explore the social patterns and history that shaped these realities. And they will look at how class, poverty, age, education, power, and other elements contribute to social inequality related to race and gender. Students will develop conceptual tools that lead to informed, reflective and transformative interpersonal and institutional practices and policies. Prerequisite: SOC 101, SOC 201 or PSYC 101.
Core: Fulfills Power, Systems, and Justice

SOWK 400 Social Work Practice II (3 SH)

Social Work Practice II highlights Strengths-Based and Trauma Informed Approaches to generalist practice at the Mezzo level. Students learn a working model for knowing and doing in social work practice oriented around common challenges of living including: poverty, violence, child maltreatment, trauma, substance abuse, and depression. Activities and assignments provide opportunities for students to use direct interaction skills with groups, and to enhance writing and research skills in a collaborative task group. Skill development includes effective communication, professional boundary setting, collecting and assessing information, documentation, and maintaining professional values and ethical standards. Restricted to social work majors accepted into the social work program. Prerequisite: SOWK 310.
Core: WI

SOWK 410 Social Work Practice III (3 SH)

Social Work Practice III focuses on social work macro practice at the group, community, and organizational levels. Practice III builds on generalist social work practice introduced in Practice I (Micro), Practice II (Mezzo), and policy practice introduced Social Policy Analysis. Course texts present holistic approaches to practice encompassing mind, body, spirit, and environment. Sustainability at the macro level as well as the personal-professional level is a thematic emphasis of the course. Students observe and evaluate ideas regarding communities, leadership of agencies and organizations, advocacy and interagency collaboration, and enhance self-understanding for practice in preparation for professional BSW macro roles and responsibilities. Restricted to social work majors accepted into the social work program. Prerequisite: SOWK 310.

SOWK 420 Topics in Social Work (3 SH)

A Topics in Social Work course is an upper level elective course from any department chosen to deepen understanding of a topic relevant to social work practice or a special population of interest. Students are encouraged to work with their advisor to choose a course that furthers the student's unique interests and professional use of self for practice. The following courses are pre-approved social work topics courses: PSYC 331 Abnormal Psychology, PSYC 391 Introduction to Counseling, PXD 341 Mediation and Facilitation, PXD 331 Restorative Justice and Trauma Awareness, PXD 451 Program Evaluation through Qualitative Methods, PXD 335 Understanding Violent Conflict, PXD 375 Globalization and Justice, SOC 330 Family in the Social Context, SOC 360 Criminology, SOC 334 Cultural Anthropology, and CCSSC 387 The Urban Landscape.

SOWK 430 Senior Practicum in Social Work (12 SH)

The senior practicum is a semester-long, capstone experience for the social work major. Students complete a 430-hour placement in an approved organizational setting. The practicum is designed to provide students with opportunities to integrate and apply social work knowledge, values, and skills in real practice situations in a purposeful, intentional, and professional manner to promote human and community well-being. The student performs social work roles and responsibilities similar to those of a new staff member logging between 30-32 hours a week. Students are expected to engage in beginning generalist social work practice with attention to implementation of the nine CSWE core competencies for social work practice. The practicum seminar class, taken concurrently with practicum, assists students with further application and integration of social work knowledge, values, skills, and integration of cognitive and affective responses to practicum experiences as identified by the nine CSWE core competencies.
Core: CE

SOWK 441 Leadership Practicum (1 SH)

Students gain leadership experience through leading program efforts in a variety of areas on campus and within the community. They reflect on leadership styles and analyze their own methods of communication and leadership through direct immersion. By permission only.

SOWK 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

SPAN 110 Elementary Spanish I (3 SH)

The fundamentals of Spanish through listening, speaking, reading and writing, including practice in pronunciation and development of comprehension. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students with no Spanish language background or with a maximum of one year of high school Spanish. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 120 Elementary Spanish II (3 SH)

Continuation of SPAN 110. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. A student may not receive credit for both SPAN 120 and SPAN 130. This course is typically appropriate for students who have completed SPAN 110 Elementary I or who have had one to two years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 110. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 130 Elementary Spanish in Review (3 SH)

This course is designed for high-beginning college students. It aims at reviewing concepts already learned in one or two years of language study in high school, and having students prepared for further study at the intermediate level. Covers in one semester the same material covered in SPAN 110 and SPAN 120. Regular oral practice with a native-speaker language assistant. A student may not receive credit for both SPAN 120 and SPAN 130. Note: Additional Core Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit.
Core: LL

SPAN 210 Intermediate Spanish I (3 SH)

This course focuses on conversational themes. Students will increase oral and written fluency, cultural understanding, and compare Hispanic culture to their own native culture. The course engages learners in speaking, listening, and writing activities based on communicative and task-based approaches to reinforce and review core functional-linguistic structures (narrating in the present and past tenses; expressing beliefs, opinions and other discourse tasks; distinguishing between verbs "ser" and "estar"; expressing likes and dislikes; giving commands and/or guidelines; talking about real, imagined, and future events). Students discuss short films and cultural readings and regularly attend conversation sessions with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students who have had three or four years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 120, SPAN 130 or equivalent. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 220 Intermediate Spanish II (3 SH)

This course is a continuation of SPAN 210 and focuses on conversational themes. Students will increase oral and written fluency, cultural understanding, and compare Hispanic culture to their own native culture. The course engages learners in speaking, listening, and writing activities based on communicative and task-based approaches to reinforce and review core functional-linguistic structures (narrating in the present and past tenses; expressing more complex opinions and feelings about recent and past events; discuss hypothetical situations; use grammar structures specific to oral and written language; articulate specific preferences; and express agreement or disagreement). Students discuss short films and cultural readings and regularly attend conversation sessions with a native-speaker language assistant. This course is typically appropriate for students who have had four or five years of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 210 or equivalent. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 231 Intermediate Spanish for Healthcare Professionals I (3 SH)

SPAN 231-232 is an online, eight-week summer course for healthcare workers that seeks to increase their effectiveness in communicating with Spanish speaking clients and co-workers. This course emphasizes the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills within a medical context. Topics include how to greet patients, brief conversations, preliminary patient information, checking into the hospital, at the pediatrician's office, at the gynecologist's office, and other general health subjects. Students will acquire and use medical vocabulary and forms and structures; explore healthcare issues affecting the Hispanic world; and read about and discuss Hispanic culture. With a conversation assistant and/or classmates, students will record and role-play typical doctor/patient interactions, as well as other medical situations. Prerequisite: SPAN 110, SPAN 120, SPAN 130, or equivalent level of study in high school. This course is not designed for heritage or native speakers. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive). Offered occasionally
Core: LL

SPAN 232 Intermediate Spanish for Healthcare Professionals II (3 SH)

SPAN 231-232 is an online, eight-week summer course for healthcare workers that seeks to increase their effectiveness in communicating with Spanish speaking clients and co-workers. This course emphasizes the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills within a medical context. Topics include how to greet patients, brief conversations, preliminary patient information, checking into the hospital, at the pediatrician's office, at the gynecologist's office, and other general health subjects. Students will acquire and use medical vocabulary and forms and structures; explore healthcare issues affecting the Hispanic world; and read about and discuss Hispanic culture. With a conversation assistant and/or classmates, students will record and role-play typical doctor/patient interactions, as well as other medical situations. Prerequisite: SPAN 110, SPAN 120, SPAN 130, or equivalent level of study in high school. This course is not designed for heritage or native speakers. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive). Offered occasionally
Core: LL

SPAN 301 The Art of Storytelling (3 SH)

This conversational course is an exploration of the art of storytelling. Students will tell, read, and write short stories. We will focus on important decisions authors make regarding how to write a story: the nature of narrative voice, plot details, character development, symbols, and metaphors. Students will examine the structure and themes of short stories authored by Esteban Echeverría, Jorge Luis Borges, Juan Rulfo, Julio Cortázar, Elena Poniatowska, Isabel Allende, and Rosario Ferré (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LI, LL

SPAN 302 Flavors of Hispanic Culture (3 SH)

This conversational course offers a close understanding of Hispanic culture through a variety of food that mirrors diversity, history, traditions, believes, national and cultural identity, collective memories and taboos. The course covers from ancestral food practices prior to the encounter with the European colonists to contemporary culinary expressions of Hispanic dishes existent in many homes, poetry, novels, movies and songs of the diverse and multifaceted Hispanic kitchen. (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 303 Dictatorships and Social Movements (3 SH)

This conversational course explores the dictatorships and social movements surrounding the Mexican Revolution, Cuban Revolution, The Spanish Civil War, and the dictatorships of the Southern Cone, and others. Students will examine the sociohistorical circumstances that lead to dictatorship, characteristics of dictatorships, and the various methods activists took up to denounce them and free their countries from oppression. Through a deep understanding of these histories, students will question the nature of democracy and evaluate the post- dictatorship societies. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: HI, LL

SPAN 310 Advanced Conversations and Readings (3SH)

Advanced Conversation and Readings is designed to improve grammatical analysis, increase accuracy, and develop speaking and listening skills as well as students’ knowledge of Hispanic cultures and societies. This course is intended to prepare native and non-native speakers of Spanish for the reading demands and academic language expectations of upper-level SPAN courses through the use of authentic texts and practical exercises. (Offered every 4 years, Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 320 Constructing Identities (3 SH)

SPAN 320 is one of two critical thinking and composition courses at the 300 level with emphasis on analytical reading and writing skills necessary for upper level coursework. Students will practice journalistic and analytical writing while reading and discussing topics related to love, globalization, and gender. The successful SPAN 320 student will be able to discuss the interaction between the self and environment both in the spoken and written modalities. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & WI

SPAN 325 The Latino Experience (3 SH)

SPAN 325 is one of two critical thinking and composition courses at the 300 level with emphasis on analytical reading and writing skills necessary for upper level coursework. The topic of Critical Thinking and Composition B is The Latino Experience. Students will practice argumentative writing while reading and discussing topics related to Spanish-speaking populations in the United States and the world. The successful SPAN 325 student will be able to discuss the role of voice in identity both in the spoken and written modalities. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & WI

SPAN 330 Immigration Issues (3 SH)

This course combines experiential community learning in the local Latino community with in-depth research and reflection on local, national and global immigration/migration issues. Community-learning combines academic study with concrete service to the community. It engages students in understanding the community in which they work, requires thoughtful reflection on their experiences, and stimulates critical thinking and academic research. Class discussions will focus on readings, documentary films, personal immigrant stories, student service experiences, etc. (Spring 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 335 Spanish of the United States (3 SH)

This course provides a critical overview of the linguistic practices of Spanish-speaking communities in the United States. The class focuses on the historical migration paths of Honduran, Salvadoran, Guatemalan, and Mexican communities. The main goal is to develop critical and linguistic awareness about the dynamic encounter between Spanish and English in the United States: the shaping of Spanish and English, practices of language use, attitudes, and stereotypes. (Spring 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 340 Introduction to Spanish Translation and Interpretation (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to two different professions and skill sets: translation (written translation from Spanish to English and English to Spanish) and interpretation (oral translation from Spanish to English and English to Spanish). Emphasis is on the practice of translating from Spanish to English in a variety of prose styles and working as translation teams. Additionally, students will be introduced to and practice consecutive and simultaneous oral interpretation. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the processes involved in and skills necessary and professional and ethical standards for translation and interpretation. Offered in alternate years. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 360 Spanish for Health Care Professionals (3 SH)

This course enables students to develop their proficiency in medical Spanish and inter- cultural competence so that they are able to communicate effectively with Spanish-speaking patients or to be a competent patient in a variety of health care situations. Key global health issues and the role of new health technologies are explored in the context of global health challenges and medical ethics as well as the role of national health care systems, international organizations, NGOs, and social movements in promoting health. (Spring 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 395 Survey of Hispanic Literature (3 SH)

This course offers a panoramic view of Hispanic literature, both from Spain and Latin America, from its origin as a dialect of Latin to the present global language, pointing out its most important stages. The student will develop the necessary tools to read literary texts for analysis. Students will engage with texts produced by the formative voices in the Spanish languages. Texts such as Lazarillo de Tormes, Don Quijote, the works of Borges, Rulfo, Garcia Marquez, Allende, Poniatowska, Garcia Lorca and others will become an important base from which reading and writing strategies, general culture and humanistic values can be learned through the rest of the upper-level SPAN courses. (Offered every 4 years, Spring 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LI, LL

SPAN 415 Introduction to Spanish Phonetics and Pronunciation (3 SH)

Intro to Spanish Phonetics and Pronunciation serves any advanced level Spanish speakers, both heritage speakers and speakers of Spanish as a foreign language, in their desire to gain clarity and accuracy in their own pronunciation. In the course of the semester the students will travel through the phonology of the Spanish language, including the phonetic landscape and minor variations. The course will provide an introduction to transcription, phonology, morphology and syntax in the language as well as provide an overview of linguistic change and brief introduction of geographic variation and will guide students as they hone their own accents in Spanish into a clear and easily understood variation free of influence from other languages. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Fall 2024) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL & TI

SPAN 425 Indigenous People and Conquest (3 SH)

This course first explores the rich history, culture, and sociopolitical structure of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca civilizations prior to the conquest of the Americas. Additionally, this course prepares students to engage in the study of myths surrounding the conquest of the Americas and the role indigenous allies, Africans, and traitors to the Spanish crown played in the conquest and exploration of the New World. This course will also provide students with contemporary cultural knowledge of present-day indigenous culture, transculturation, struggles, and survival in the modern nationstate. (Fall 2023) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: HI, LL

SPAN 435 Hispanic Linguistic Variation and Advanced Grammar (3 SH)

Hispanic Linguistic Variation and Advanced Grammar focuses on how Spanish is spoken in different places, how linguists observe such variation, and how recognizing linguistic variation can become a bridge to the individual. Students will be exposed to variations in morphology, phonology, and syntax based on diachronic (historic) variation, diatopic (geographic) variation, diastratic (social) variation, and diaphasic (level of formality) variation. Students will learn historical methods of classifying the variations of Spanish and will be trained to recognize origins of Spanish speakers based on their accents. (Can fulfill a portion of Spanish Ed. Pre-K-12 licensure requirements.) (Offered every 4 years, Fall 2025) Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300- and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SPAN 470 Spanish Internship (1-3 SH)

The Professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval needed one semester in advance.  This course is graded on a P/F basis. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: CE & LL

SPAN 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

Advanced work in literature, conversation or composition. Note: Spanish is the primary language of instruction for all courses in the 300-and 400- levels. Note: Additional Language Learning courses beyond the first may fulfill EMU Core Communication Intensive (CI) credit. At the 200-level and above, they may be used to fulfill the Communication Foundations requirement if they are not being used to fulfill another Core requirement (History, Literature, or Communication Intensive).
Core: LL

SRSML 460 Business Ethics (3 SH)

In this course, the student formulates a philosophy of life, providing the base for such concerns as ethics in business, accountability in government, respect for human rights, and a responsible lifestyle in our contemporary world. With a focus on three basic ethical perspectives - virtue theory, deontological theory, and utilitarianism, ethical theories and personal values are examined through readings, analysis of the workplace, and classroom discussion. Offered through Lancaster

SSC 490 Social Sciences Capstone (2 SH)

This course provides a cumulative and integrative experience that ties together key learning objectives with reflections on vocation and career for majors in the Social Sciences. These conversations will be carried out through class presentations, readings, discussions, and interactions with professors as well as guest speakers, field visits, and community engagement.

STAT 120 Descriptive Statistics (2 SH)

Displays of data, measures of center and spread, correlation, normal distributions, and interpretation of statistical tests. Spreadsheets will be used throughout the course. Credit will not be given for both this course and STAT 140.
Core: QR, TI

STAT 133 Topics in Statistics (2 SH)

The content of this course will vary based on student and faculty interest. Possible topics include nonparametric statistics, data visualization, the statistical programming language R, and a theme-based course on a culturally relevant topic.  Statistical software will likely be a large component of the course, regardless of the topic. Prerequisite: STAT 120 or instructor approval. (Spring 2024)
Core: QR

STAT 140 Elementary Statistics (3 SH)

This general education course provides an introduction to descriptive and inferential statistics. Topics include correlation, normal distributions, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. Spreadsheets will be introduced and used throughout the course. Credit will not be given for both this course and STAT 120 or STAT 220.  Offered through Lancaster

STAT 150 Data Visualization (2 SH)

This course examines the history, analysis, and creation of data visualizations. Students will learn to critique data visualizations ranging from the simple to the complex, and from the misleading to the powerfully informative. Opportunities to create data visualization will be presented in accordance with each student’s technical skills.
Core: QR, TI

STAT 160 Statistical Methods (3 SH)

This is an introduction into the study of statistics.  The goal of the class is to expose the student to basic statistical ideas and concepts.  The emphasis of the class is on statistical logic, recognition of basic statistical methods, and evaluation of statistical research. There will be a minimum of mathematical theory and computation. (intended for LOM students)

STAT 220 Inferential Statistics (2 SH)

Normal and binomial distributions, confidence intervals, P-values, correlation, and one- and two-sample hypothesis tests, using statistical software. Prerequisite: STAT 120 or instructor approval. (Students wishing to take STAT 220 who have not taken STAT 120 (or an equivalent course) should work through an EMU-provided module that will acquaint them with means, standard deviation, and the standard normal distribution.)
Core: QR, TI

STAT 230 Regression and ANOVA (2 SH)

Linear and multiple regression, logistic regression, one-way and two-way Analysis of Variance, statistical software. Prerequisite: STAT 220.

THEO 201 Introduction to Theology (3 SH)

An overview of the role that theological reflection plays in the life of the believer and the church. Students will be exposed to different methods and understandings of theology, major issues in the history of theology, and key contemporary theological issues and debates.
Core: BR

THEO 312 Topics in Christian Theology (3 SH)

An advanced study of key thinkers and topics in theology in order to more fully develop skills of theological analysis, discussion and presentation. Students gain an appreciation of the role of theology within the life of the church to become better prepared for a role in the church's theological task. Provides an intensive setting for reflection on theological understandings and inter-disciplinary conversation with theology.
Core: BR

THEO 323 Biblical Theology of Peace and Justice (3 SH)

In this course, students study biblical materials relating to peace and justice. Aspects of the study are the Old Testament's vision of creation, fall, deliverance, covenant, law, and prophetic critique; the New Testament's portrayal of Jesus, the One who fulfills the Old Testament prophetic vision—bringing salvation and establishing a community of justice and peace; the early church's interpretation of Jesus; and consideration of how the biblical vision of peace and justice applies to our modern world.
Core: BR

THEO 412 Liberation Theologies (3 SH)

Liberation theology names the effort to understand and interpret the gospel through conscious and reflective deliberation within experiences of injustice, inequality, violence, and oppression. This course will explore some of the various expressions that have arisen under the banner of liberation, such as Black theology, feminist theology, queer theology, and theology in the face of empire. (Fall 2023)
Core: BR

THEO 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

THR 100 Acting for the Stage and Screen (2 SH)

This course helps students of all disciplines unleash their creativity as they explore the fundamentals of acting for theater and cinema. Students will gain skills in speaking and textual analysis as they learn to connect with their bodies. This class will also make students more informed audience members of plays and films.
Core: CA

THR 200 Survey of World Theater History (2 SH)

This course covers major movements in world theater history, beginning with the Greeks and ending with contemporary experimental performance. Students will read plays and theoretical texts and watch films so that they gain a full understanding of the intersection of text, theory, and performance spectacle in world theatre styles. Much emphasis will be placed on non-Western performance styles.
Core: LI

THR 210 Technical Theater (2 SH)

This course covers basic stagecraft and design. It includes hands on experience in rendering, model-building, and drafting that will allow students to realize their own creative design. Students may also contribute to the design and construction of public performances at EMU.
Core: CA, TI

THR 230-235 Topics in Theater (2 SH)

Various theater topics are offered depending upon student interest and faculty availability. Recurring topics courses are in technical theater and other areas of specialization that provide students with a broad understanding of the discipline.
Core: CA

THR 230 Topics in Theater-Solo Performance (2 SH)

This course is a vital part of the contemporary theater scene and an excellent way for artists to acquire various acting, directing, technical, and creative writing skills that will aid them in the development of original work in non-traditional and traditional theater settings. Through intensive creative writing exercises, self-reflection, dramaturgical research, and performance practice, students will mine their own stories and the stories of others in order to craft original solo performance pieces. The writing process will be particularly emphasized through the submission of various written assignments and drafts of the final performance scripts. The scripts will also be workshopped with peers. The student's work will culminate in a performance showcase, and their work may be further developed to be shared in more public formats. Students will also engage with a variety of solo performance works, i.e. texts and live performances, from the 20th and 21st centuries and use them as inspiration for their own solo performance pieces. (THR 361; students should take THR 361 to receive WI credit)
Core: CA

THR 231 Topics in Theater-Musical Theater (2 SH)

Integrating practice with history and theory, this course examines the use of music in theater from the advent of opera in Renaissance Italy to the American Broadway musical. Students will perform songs and engage with dance/movement as they learn to become better performers and more informed audience members. Students with all levels of experience from absolute beginner to seasoned performer are welcome! (CMUS 205) Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

THR 232 Topics in Theater-Yoga and Movement (2 SH)

Students will learn basic to advanced yoga poses as they become more physically fit and aware of their bodies. Students from all academic disciplines are welcome! Offered in alternate years
Core: CA

THR 233 Topics in Theater-Dance and Movement (1 SH)

The Dance and Movement course offers class instruction designed to acquaint students with basic movement techniques and provides an introductory overview of various styles of dance. (Fall 2023)
Core: CA

THR 235 Topics in Theater-Summer Musical Theater Program (2 SH)

Students will take classes in acting, dance, voice, and technical theater (costume, set, and lighting). The program culminates in a production of a major musical. (Summer 2023)
Core: CA

THR 281 Acting Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester.
Core: CE

THR 300 Directing for the Theater (2 SH)

Students learn basic principles of stage direction and apply them in production-oriented settings. This course may culminate in the direction of original student work, including short plays developed in the Playwriting course or devised/movement pieces. These may be performed publicly.
Core: CA

THR 350 Technical Theater Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. Practicum credits may be earned.
Core: CE, TI

THR 351 Stage Management Practicum (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. 
Core: CE

THR 352 Assistant Directing (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester. 
Core: CE

THR 353 Dramaturgy (1-3 SH)

Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of work on an EMU theater production. A total of 3 credit hours may be earned in one semester.
Core: CE

THR 360 Playwriting (2 SH)

Through various writing exercises and play readings, students work towards crafting original short plays. Much emphasis is placed on helping students collaborate with actors as they workshop their plays/screenplays. Some plays may be selected for a showcase of new student plays during the academic year.
Core: CA, WI

THR 361 Screenwriting (2 SH)

Through various writing exercises and film viewings, students work towards crafting original short screenplays. Much emphasis is placed on helping students collaborate with actors as they workshop their screenplays. Students may also collaborate with VACA students on the development of narrative films or choose to created films based on their own screenplays through the VACA course entitled Visual Storytelling: Fiction. Offered in alternate years
Core: CA, WI

THR 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

VACA 112 Digital Photography (3 SH)

VACA 112 is an introduction to photography using the digital format.  The emphasis will be on composition, artistic personal expression and the use of new media technology.  Aesthetics and the creative process begin the class.  Understanding fundamental photography issues, light, composition, camera operation, and digital editing are covered.  Photographing people, communicating an idea, and design assignments are explored. 
Core: CA

VACA 121 Drawing (4 SH)

This course is designed to develop confidence in drawing and build basic drawing and perceptual skills. A variety of drawing media, techniques and conceptual approaches will be used.
Core: CA

VACA 131 Three Dimensional Design (4 SH)

Three-Dimensional Design develops a fundamental understanding of a variety of techniques, processes, and styles in three-dimensional media. Students will be challenged to become thoughtful of formal and conceptual concerns in art, while investigating the technical aspects of three-dimensional design. Students will gain practical experience by using various materials as well as by employing compositional and conceptual theories to create sculptures. (Fall 2023)
Core: CA

VACA 141 Foundations of Design (4 SH)

This foundational class for Visual and Communication Arts emphasizes visual skills and creative problem-solving related to principles of design in two-dimensional art. Students explore the elements of composition and color theory through hands-on studio work and digital design tools.
Core: CA, TI

VACA 142 Graphic Design I (2 SH)

Using a process approach, students will learn to utilize Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign as they pertain to contemporary graphic design. The class will explore the relationship between image, typography and other visual elements in order to learn the basics of good design.

VACA 151 Photography I (2 SH)

This hands-on course introduces students to digital imaging processes that include camera acquisition, digital image correction, and output. Students gain foundational skills in photographic composition and digital image manipulation as well as a basic understanding of how digital images may be employed in digital media and art production.
Core: CA, TI

VACA 221 Watercolor Painting (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to watercolor for beginning painters and those interested in adding color drawings and sketches. This course covers a variety of techniques including washes, wet-in-wet, wet-on-dry, monotypes, pen-and-ink with color tinting. Students will also have opportunity for skill development following demonstrations with guided and independent practice. When the weather is especially lovely we'll move the classroom outside and enjoy plein air painting. Offered summers only.
Core: CA

VACA 222 Painting (4 SH)

An introduction to painting in water-mixable oil or acrylic media. This course is designed to develop confidence in painting along with basic techniques and perceptual skills. A variety of approaches are used.
Core: CA

VACA 232 Ceramics (4 SH)

Ceramics is a comprehensive course designed to explore a variety of techniques and processes in clay. Sculptural and functional pieces will be created using both hand building and wheel techniques. Students will be challenged to become proficient in creating work, glazing, and will learn about firing processes.
Core: CA

VACA 242 Graphic Design II-Digital Layout (2 SH)

Using the creative process approach, students will work with typography and imagery in order to create effective layout solutions for print and digital media. Focus will be on Adobe InDesign and how it works in conjunction with Illustrator and Photoshop. Prerequisite: VACA 142.

VACA 243 Graphic Design III-Illustration and Drawing (2 SH)

The focus will be on Adobe Illustrator and the use of the its tools to create digital illustrations and logo design. The emphasis will be on technical and creative process in order to provide a final visual solution. Prerequisite: VACA 142.

VACA 252 Photography II (4 SH)

Explore digital darkroom work and the technical, historical, and philosophical foundations of photography. Topics include image capture, color theory, image correction and interpretation, color management, digital output methods, archival printing, and contemporary practices and theory related to color and monochrome photography. Students learn how to create professional lighting setups in relation to multiple photographic genres. Prerequisite: VACA 151.

VACA 262 Video Production (4 SH)

This course is a practical hands-on introduction to the video camera and to non-linear editing. It covers operation of the camera, basic lighting and sound, camera movement and support. Issues of composition, content, aesthetics, continuity and creativity will be explored with exercises, labs and real-life shooting. The non-linear video editing will cover both technical and philosophical issues of editing. Productions will introduce both fiction and non-fiction forms. Prerequisite: VACA 151 or equivalent.
Core: CE

VACA 263 Audio Production (2 SH)

In this course students produce a variety of short and long form audio productions, from promotional spots to news features as well as music performances and audio portraits. Students will work with digital software editing programs to produce works utilizing a variety of recording and processing techniques. Course sections include psychoacoustics (sound and how we hear it), the production process (from idea to finished product), microphones (types and uses), live recording, audio processing and effects, editing, and numerous projects with a variety of applications. Students should consider taking this course while enrolled in VACA 262. (Spring 2024)

VACA 283 Art History-Western (4 SH)

An overview of important factual and conceptual elements of visual art and history spanning over thirty thousand years. The course covers aesthetic objects separately as works of art and examines religious, social, political, and philosophical concepts in historical and cultural contexts. (Fall 2024)
Core: WI

VACA 323 Printmaking and Watercolor (4 SH)

Relief printmaking is an ancient form favored by contemporary artists in which images are printed on paper from wood and other materials. Screen printing is a newer process in which ink is forced through fabric onto paper and other materials. These processes are used to develop rich, colorful prints with an emphasis on visual ideas and technique. An introduction to watercolor covers a variety of techniques including washes, wet-in-wet, wet-on-dry, mono-types, pen-and-ink with color tinting. Students will also have opportunity for skill development following demonstrations with guided and independent practice. When the weather is especially lovely, we'll move the classroom outside and enjoy painting en plein air. (Spring 2025)
Core: CA

VACA 332 Intermediate Ceramics (2 SH)

Building on the foundation of ceramics, students are challenged to expand their vocabulary of ceramic form and function. Hand building and wheel throwing techniques will be explored for both vessel and sculptural work. Technical understanding of surface treatments, firing techniques, glaze formulation, and ceramic processes are emphasized as tools used toward formal and conceptual success. Students have the opportunity to pursue more individual concerns in tandem with class directed assignments. In conjunction with increased technical proficiency, students will expand critical awareness through the investigation of conceptual, historical and contemporary art issues, ultimately increasing professionalism and the development of a personal aesthetic. Prerequisite: VACA 232.
Core: CI

VACA 335 Installation and Experimental Media (4 SH)

In this course students will explore how installation and experimental art immerses the viewer in a multi-sensory experience. Through both traditional and nontraditional media such as photography, video, painting, ceramics, sculpture, etc., students will explore the impact of materials and techniques on form, content and the expressive possibilities of various materials on a space. Through experimentation, boundaries of traditional art practices will be challenged to transform the perception of space. (Spring 2024)

VACA 344 Web Design and Social Media (4 SH)

This class explores Web design and social media applications as they relate to expression and organizational communication. Students will construct web sites using both HTML coding and contemporary Web design software. Social media applications will be integrated in a holistic way as part of an overall communications strategy. Prerequisite: VACA 141 or equivalent.

VACA 345 Advanced Photoshop (4 SH)

Students will study advanced Photoshop techniques with special emphasis on masking and compositing photographs. Students will practice layering, digital effects, and photo repair as well as investigating imaging in a theoretical and philosophical context. Prerequisites: VACA 151 and VACA 252.

VACA 353 Alternative Photo Processes (4 SH)

Students will experiment with alternative acquisition and printing processes. Acquisition methods will cover pinhole, panoramic, HDR, legacy lens, and infrared processes. The history of photographic methods will be studied. The genre of landscape will be explored with several of the techniques. Students will print on alternative forms such as art and Japanese papers, metal surfaces, canvas, and other media forms. Prerequisites: VACA 151 and VACA 252. (Fall 2023) 

VACA 354 Conservation Photography (4 SH)

Explores the intersection of photography and environmental conservation. Topics include aesthetic responses to the natural world, visual documentation of ecosystems, conservation advocacy and the relationship between human communities and the natural world. Students work in small groups on a semester-long documentation/storytelling project in conjunction with a partner organization. Prerequisite: VACA 151. (Fall 2024)
Core: CE, CI

VACA 364 Motion Graphics/After Effects (2 SH)

Explores the art and communication of merging video, the graphic arts and text into messages with multiple layers of meaning and artistic interest. Students will become adept at compositing; moving video, still images, text and line art. Layered Photoshop files will be animated into finished video. The primary forms studied for this class will be opening and closing logos, advertising, visual music and short form 2-D animated storytelling. Students should schedule this class in the same semester at taking one of the Visual Storytelling classes. Prerequisites: VACA 151 or equivalent and VACA 262 or faculty approval. (Spring 2025)

VACA 367 Hybrid Storytelling (4 SH)

Using photography, audio creation and video production as building blocks, students will construct narrative presentations. These narratives will be constructed for multiple distribution methods including: print, epubs, online magazines, and mixed-media forms. Students will also consider possible feedback and interaction methods like blogging and other social media. Students will study storytelling, narrative construction, research and interview techniques, the history of photographic journalism, technical skills and the expanding uses of the image. Students will practice this form while paying attention to the technical, aesthetic, philosophic and ethical issues involved. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 151. (Spring 2025)
Core: CE, CI

VACA 381 Cinema and Visual Theory (2 SH)

Movies will be the foundation for exploring how these texts, with their narrative and visual formulas, influence culture. Special emphasis will be given to critiques in the areas of gender, race and violence. Select theorists of visual communication will give students a broad theoretical base to continue the exploration of other digital media with their mixture of photograph, kinetic text, sound and time-based media. Students will also explore how these theories and the formal properties of digital media function in their own artistic works.

VACA 382 Contemporary Art (2 SH)

Contemporary Art emphasizes the interpretation of artistic production within its historical, political, social, cultural, and theoretical contexts from recent history to the present. Issues may include: the meaning of originality in art, the relationship of art and mass culture, how the institutional framework for viewing art can influence or determine meaning, the rejection of studio–based art, and art as it confronts the issues of the day.

VACA 384 Art History-World (2 SH)

This course uses a thematic approach to the history and appreciation of art outside the Western mainstream. Art is presented as illustrative, laying the foundation for understanding the context and aesthetics of art from non-Western perspectives. (Spring 2025)

VACA 397 Elementary School Art Methods (2-3 SH)

A study of the aims and philosophy of art education in the elementary school with emphasis on child development through art. Students will experience art techniques and materials suitable for children from Pre-K through grade 6 with emphasis on appropriate motivational and teaching methods. Topics to be covered may include: the role of art in society and in the schools; fundamentals of art; sequential and discipline based art curricula; teaching strategies; art motivation; art integration with the sciences, social studies, and cultural understandings; evaluation; teaching art history, criticism and aesthetics; writing instructional objectives and lesson plans; and teaching art production. For art education majors a 20-hour practicum in the elementary setting is a component of the course. Admission to teacher education may be a prerequisite. A two-credit option without a practicum is available for students who are not pursuing Art Education. (Spring 2024)
Core: CA, CE

VACA 398 Secondary School Art Methods (3 SH)

A study of the aims and philosophy of art education at the secondary school level. Secondary School Art Methods will include advanced studies of curriculum and lesson design and integration; classroom organization and management techniques; delivery of art courses as electives; teaching art history, aesthetics, and evaluation; teaching art production appropriate to the adolescent; and the function of art in the schools and community. Students will understand contemporary issues in art education by examining research history and philosophy of art education. The relationships between developments in education as a whole and art education will be explored as well as adolescent creative learning styles and development. A 20-hour practicum in a secondary art setting is a component of the course. Admission to teacher education may be a prerequisite. (Fall 2024)
Core: CE

VACA 432 Advanced Ceramics I (2 SH)

In Advanced Ceramics 1, students will balance assignments designed to develop technical skills, while developing projects that explore personal style. Research and experimentation from an array of materials and processes such as wheel and hand building methods, unique firing processes, glaze chemistry, and clay body foundation will be used toward formal and conceptual success. In conjunction with increased technical proficiency, students will investigate conceptual, historical, and contemporary art issues to increase professionalism, develop a personal aesthetic, and create artwork that is suitable for exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 332.

VACA 434 Advanced Drawing (2 SH)

Further development of drawing techniques, visual processes and experimental approaches. The capacity to change one's perspective and habits and an openness to taking risks are encouraged. This course is for students who want to explore drawing in its own right, strengthen work in other media through enhanced drawing skills or connect drawing with other arts or disciplines. Advanced investigation into physical, intellectual and emotional aspects of drawing. Content development, individual direction and creative voice are stressed along with further development of drawing skills. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 121.
Core: CI

VACA 435 Advanced Painting (2 SH)

Further development of techniques and visual strategies using oil and acrylic media. The capacity to change one's perspective and habits and an openness to taking risks are encouraged to understand the various ways artists approach structure and meaning in painting. Advanced investigation into physical, intellectual and emotional aspects of painting. Content development, individual direction and creative voice are stressed along with further development of painting skills. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 222.
Core: CI

VACA 442 Advanced Ceramics II (2 SH)

In Advanced Ceramics 2, students will develop a body of work suitable for exhibition. Research and experimentation from an array of materials and processes such as wheel and hand building methods, unique firing processes, glaze chemistry, and clay body foundation will be used toward formal and conceptual success. In conjunction with increased technical proficiency, students will investigate conceptual, historical, and contemporary art issues to increase professionalism and develop a personal aesthetic. This course should be taken in the junior or senior year as a lead-in to VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition. Prerequisite: VACA 432.

VACA 450 Junior/Senior Portfolio and Vocation (2 SH)

This capstone class offers the opportunity for students to develop an artistic and vocational vision. Students will create a coherent body of work for exhibition and web display and will investigate career options related to their discipline. VACA majors should take Junior/Senior Portfolio and Vocation in the fall semester of the last full year they are on campus. They should plan to take VACA 481 Senior Thesis and Exhibition the next semester (where they will exhibit and write about the work they developed in portfolio class). Prerequisites: VACA 151 and VACA 252.

VACA 465 Visual Storytelling-Nonfiction (4 SH)

Students will study how video documentaries are constructed and used to communicate. They will research, design and produce a documentary video on a selected subject. Students will take HUM 200 the semester before this class to do background research for the project. Prerequisite: VACA 262. (Spring 2024)
Core: CE

VACA 466 Visual Storytelling-Fiction (4 SH)

Students will study the narrative structure of video story-telling and the process of narrative video production. They will work at creating a variety of short form narratives and will complete independent projects from pre-production to postproduction. Scripts for this class will be created in THR 361 which should be taken the semester prior to this class. Prerequisite: VACA 262. (Spring 2025)

VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition (2 SH)

This course explores professional practices related to preparation and installation of the major senior exhibit as well as development of a thesis paper. Students take this class in conjunction with a capstone course in their major.

VACA 491 Internship (1-4 SH)

Provides students with an opportunity to integrate theory and practice by working in a professional art/media/design-related environment. Consultation with and reporting to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and other expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be done during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Core: CL VACA 481 Junior/Senior Thesis and Exhibition (2 SH) This course explore professional practices related to preparation and installation of the major senior exhibit as well as development of a thesis paper. Students take this class in conjunction with a capstone course in their major.
Core: CE

VACA 499 Independent Study (1-4 SH)

WCSC 380 WCSC Internship (5 SH)

WCSC faculty and staff work with students to place them in community service internships that meet the student's career goals and vocational aspirations. Most WCSC interns are placed in culturally diverse settings with organizations working to address racism, injustice, violence and other social problems. We can place students from any major, including the sciences, the arts, and professional programs. Please refer to our website for recent internship placements: www.emu.edu/wcsc/internships. Offered in the summer

WCSC 385 WCSC Internship (6 SH)

WCSC faculty and staff work with all students, regardless of their major, to place them in community service internships that meet the student's career goals and vocational aspirations. Most WCSC interns are placed in culturally diverse settings with organizations working to address racism, injustice, violence and other social problems. See the WCSC webpage for recent internship placements: www.emu.edu/wcsc/internships. Offered in the fall and spring semesters

WCSC 387 Race, Space, and Inequality (3 SH)

This course is an introduction to urban studies, focused in particular on questions of space and place. Through fieldwork, readings, and discussion, we explore the urban landscape of Washington, D.C., seeking to understand the spatial organization of the city, the inequalities it reflects, and the implications for people and communities. What drives racial and economic segregation? How do we make sense of cycles of neighborhood development and disinvestment? This course asks students to consider the breadth of actors and forces that shape the city, and to reflect on what it means to seek justice within this context.
Core: WI

WCSC 388 La Lucha Latina (3 SH)

The Latinx Caribbean influence on Washington, DC is strong and growing. This class takes a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding that aspect of the city—delving into the push/pull factors of immigration, looking at the many contributions the Latinx community has made and understanding the many forms of injustice that they face. Students will get a chance to experience and interpret the cultural, socio-economic, geographic and political impact of the Latinx community on the metro area. They will gain insight into the current national debate on immigration issues and take the opportunity to critically reflect and analyze relevant issues through speakers, class discussions, readings, movies, visits to various community organizations, advocacy work, and a final research project.
Core: WI

WRIT 110 Preparation for College Writing (3 SH)

The study and practice of academic modes of written communication accepted in American universities for students whose native language is not English. Through this course, students gain fluency in essay-writing, critical reading skills, improved grammatical accuracy, training in editing and orientation to research tools. This course does not satisfy the EMU Core writing requirement. A grade of C- or better must be achieved in the course as a prerequisite for enrollment in WRIT 125 or 135. Upon completion of the course, instructor evaluation will indicate one of the following: 1) the student must enroll in WRIT 135 to satisfy the writing requirement; 2) the student must enroll in WRIT 125 to achieve proficiency required before enrolling in WRIT 135; 3) the student must re-enroll in WRIT 110. (Offered as needed.)

WRIT 125 College Writing I (3 SH)

This writing course focuses on reading and writing assignments in the various discourse communities required in college. This course develops skills for success in writing in college: elaboration, using and integrating sources, and developing a portfolio of polished prose. A grade of C- or better must be achieved in the course as a prerequisite for enrollment in WRIT 135. Upon successful completion of the course, students will enroll in WRIT 135 College Writing II in order to complete EMU Core writing requirements.

WRIT 135 College Writing II (3 SH)

This first-year course develops academic reading, thinking, and writing skills in various discourse communities while supporting students in their transition to EMU. Includes a research project with particular attention to analysis and synthesis. Satisfies EMU Core college writing requirement.

WRIT 140 Advanced College Writing (3 SH)

Extensive practice in interdisciplinary argument and rhetorical analysis for students who already demonstrate strong reading and writing skills. This workshop-based class helps students develop sophisticated research strategies, evaluate popular and scholarly sources and their arguments, synthesize material to advance knowledge, and communicate effectively in essays, discussions, and an oral presentation. Satisfies EMU Core college writing requirement.

WRIT 150 Speech-Exploring Voice in Vocation (2 SH)

Students develop compassionate listening and speech communication skills while exploring a calling within a discipline. This course is ideally taken in the spring semester of the first year. Prerequisite: WRIT 135, WRIT 140, or CORE 302. 
Core: Communication Foundations

WRIT 160 Public Communication (3 SH)

This course addresses the principles and practices of effective oral communication. The course emphasizes rhetorical approaches for message design, presentation planning, arrangement, and delivery that are useful across settings. Students will learn to manage intercultural communication for effective business and workplace relations. Students will receive feedback from groups and one-on-one. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140.
Core: Communication Foundations

WRIT 200 Introduction to Creative Writing (3 SH)

This four-genre course allows students to read, write, workshop and revise flash fiction, memoir, poetry, and dramatic scenes. Team taught or with frequent visits from various writing and literature faculty. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or its equivalent.
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 210 News and Feature Writing (3 SH)

Workshop for magazine and newspaper writing: generating story ideas; interviewing; observing; fact-checking; researching and drafting news stories, features, book reviews, editorials; and writing for public relations. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140.
Core: WI

WRIT 340 Student Kairos Place (1 SH)

Credit available (but not required) for participation in EMU's Student Kairos Place. Full participation in the event, completion of a significant writing or revision project, and payment of course fee expected. Acceptance to program by faculty recommendation and application only.

WRIT 351 Fiction Writing Workshop (3 SH)

A workshop on the craft of fiction-writing in the short story form. The course focuses in writing process and revision; explores varieties of characterization, setting, plot and structure, point of view, voice, theme, and figurative language. Reading assignments, writing exercises, and extensive short story workshops culminate in polished prose that may be appropriate for publication or graduate school application. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. Open to sophomores and above. (Spring 2024)
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 352 Creative Nonfiction Workshop (3 SH)

A workshop on the craft of creative nonfiction writing. The course focuses on the writing process and revision and explores elements of the genre's craft. Reading assignments, writing exercises, and intensive group workshops culminate in a portfolio of polished prose that may be appropriate for publication or graduate school application. Special topics such as Food Writing, Nature Writing, and Spiritual Life Writing may be offered according to student demand. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. Open to sophomores and above. (Spring 2025)
Core: CA, WI

WRIT 370 Poetry Workshop (3 SH)

A workshop on the craft of versification. Requirements include writing over sixty poem drafts based on traditional and experimental forms and styles, readings of poetry and prosody, memorization of at least one published poem, and participation on the class discussion board. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Fall 2024)
Core: CA

WRIT 380 Expository Writing (1 SH)

This five-week course will focus on expository elements in the academic discourse produced by writers in the students' major fields. Students will develop an independent, critical, problem-solving attitude with respect to reading the work of others to assist in the revision of their own writing. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

WRIT 381 Argumentative Writing (1 SH)

A five-week, one semester-hour course that equips students to write arguments that are fully developed, rhetorically engaged, and critically thoughtful. Students are expected to contextualize their arguments—to see themselves as agents of change. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Offered occasionally)
Core: WI

WRIT 383 Professional Writing (1 SH)

This five-week course has a practical focus on writing in professional settings. Students will create a portfolio with a cover letter defining their expertise, a resume, and a writing sample specific to the niche in which they want membership. Students will analyze an audience in order to write, edit, and proofread documents that show they understand the audience of a particular profession and can write to a standard required in that profession. Students will become familiar with the ethical issues in professional writing, how to present themselves in writing by creating a positive impression to particular clients, and how to make connections by creating a network via various media. Prerequisite: WRIT 135 or WRIT 140. (Spring 2024)
Core: WI

WRIT 390 Literary Arts Journal-Phoenix (1 SH)

Credit received for serving on the editorial team for the student literary arts journal. Detailed timesheet and reflective paper required. Students may receive 1 SH per semester and may take the course multiple times.
Core: CE

WRIT 391 Editing and Publishing-Weather Vane (1-3 SH)

Credit given for writing, editing, photography, and other production work for the student- run university newspaper. Student are encouraged to have prior school newspaper experience or have taken news writing or photography courses at EMU. Students should enroll for one credit per semester, except in the case of editors serving on the Weather Vane.
Core: CE

WRIT 400 Senior Thesis (3 SH)

Senior writing majors work with a faculty advisor to envision and create a significant work in a single genre. A reflective introduction explores the writer's developing style and influences. The work may be a chapbook of poems, a collection of short stories, a novella, a full-length play, or a scholarly paper produced in conjunction with a second major (in addition to or as an extended version of that major's capstone requirements). Seniors may share from their work in an end-of-semester reading, possibly as part of the Writers Read series.

WRIT 421 Advanced Fiction Workshop (3 SH)

Students will write new material to be workshopped, fully participating in peer critique, and working with the professor to read and respond to new material focused on a specialized area of their choice in fiction writing. Workshop pieces should be written within the scope of, or as a response to, this specialized area. In addition, students will write a critical essay about this specialized area, 1200 words, MLA documentation style, placing their own work in the context of their chosen readings and noting how their work responds to the published work in both craft and content. Prerequisite WRIT 351. Meets with WRIT 351. By permission of instructor only. (Spring 2024)

WRIT 422 Advanced Creative Nonfiction Workshop (3 SH)

Students will write new material to be workshopped, fully participating in peer critique, and working with the professor to read and respond to new material focused on a specialized area of their choice in creative nonfiction writing. Workshop pieces should be written within the scope of, or as a response to, this specialized area. In addition, students will write a critical essay about this specialized area, 1200 words, MLA documentation style, placing their own work in the context of their chosen readings and noting how their work responds to the published work in both craft and content. Prerequisite WRIT 352. Meets with WRIT 352. By permission of instructor only. (Spring 2025)

WRIT 423 Advanced Poetry Workshop (3 SH)

Students will write new material to be workshopped, fully participating in peer critique, and working with the professor to read and respond to new material focused on a specialized area of their choice in poetry writing. Workshop pieces should be written within the scope of, or as a response to, this specialized area. In addition, students will write a critical essay about this specialized area, 1200 words, MLA documentation style, placing their own work in the context of their chosen readings and noting how their work responds to the published work in both craft and content. Prerequisite WRIT 370. Meets with WRIT 370. By permission of instructor only. (Fall 2024)

WRIT 470 Writing Internship (1-3 SH)

The Professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis. 
Core: CE

WRIT 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)