23-24 Course Descriptions

ABP 101 Covenant and Community-An Introduction to the Bible (3 SH)

This course surveys the content and the backgrounds of the Old and New Testaments (the Jewish Bible and the Christian Bible). It explores the themes that are developed through this library of writings, and how they come together to tell a broad story of God's work in the world. It invites students to consider the meaning of the Bible's story for our world. Core: ABP

ABP 201 Ethics in the Way of Jesus (3 SH)

This course seeks to discern how following Jesus' way of peace with justice in the world is essential for interpreting the Bible on contemporary moral questions, in all aspects of life. The class will emphasize what it means to think ethically in a variety of areas, within the context of the Anabaptist tradition. Core: ABP

ACTG 221 Financial Accounting (3 SH)

A first course in accounting for business majors and minors as well as a useful introduction to accounting principles and practices and to interpreting financial statements for students in all majors. No background in accounting is assumed. The course includes a description and derivation of financial statements prepared by accountants and a discussion of a conceptual framework which provides rationale for accounting practices.

ACTG 222 Managerial Accounting (3 SH)

This course provides a conceptual understanding of the elements of accounting for management planning, budgeting, control and decision-making. Topics include cost behavior, cost systems, CVP analysis, activity-based costing/ management, and capital budgeting. Prerequisite: ACTG 221.

ACTG 321 Intermediate Accounting I (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of the methods of financial accounting. Special emphasis is given to the theoretical basis for accounting. Topics include: time value of money, financial statements, accounting cycle, and accounting for current assets. Prerequisite: ACTG 222 and competency in Excel. (Fall 2023)

ACTG 322 Intermediate Accounting II (3 SH)

Continuation of ACTG 321. Continued study of theory covering such topics as fixed assets, current and long-term liabilities, investments, error analysis, revenue recognition, and statement of cash flow. Prerequisite: ACTG 321. (Spring 2024)

ACTG 341 Cost Accounting (3 SH)

Methods and procedures of ascertaining and distributing the costs of production materials, labor and overhead, the securing of unit costs under job order, and process methods of production. Prerequisite: ACTG 222 and competency in Excel. (Spring 2024)

ACTG 421 Federal Income Tax (3 SH)

Emphasis on income tax provisions as they relate to individuals. There is some emphasis on tax provisions affecting businesses. Prerequisite: ACTG 222. (Fall 2022)

ACTG 422 Intermediate Accounting III (3 SH)

Continuation of ACTG 322. Topics covered are issues related to intangible assets, income tax accounting, accounting for leases, shareholder equity, dilutive securities and an introduction to some advanced accounting topics. Prerequisite: ACTG 322. (Fall 2022)

ACTG 432 Advanced Accounting (2 SH)

A study of advanced accounting procedures as they apply to business combinations. Other topics include partnership accounting and foreign currency transactions including hedging and foreign currency financial statement translation. Prerequisite: ACTG 422 (Spring 2023)

ACTG 433 Nonprofit and Government Reporting (2 SH)

Emphasizes accounting issues unique to nonprofit organizations, including non-exchange transactions and lack of ownership interest. Content coverage also includes accounting and reporting for state and local governments and other nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). (Spring 2023)

ACTG 445 Seminar in Accounting (2 SH)

This course is the culmination of theory, designed to synchronize concepts learned in the accounting curriculum while incorporating practical application. Taken during the senior year, this course will focus on current issues in accounting and best practices in industry through cases, simulations, research, and community engagement. (Spring 2024)

ACTG 451 Auditing (3 SH)

Study of the work of an accountant as it relates to the examination and attesting to the reliability of management's financial reports. Topics include standards, legal liability, internal control, sampling, evidence and the auditor's report. Prerequisite: ACTG 321. (Spring 2023)

ACTG 481 Accounting Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory and to give accounting majors insight into current policies, procedures and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be done during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for accounting majors. Prerequisite: admission to the department and junior or senior standing; application at least one semester in advance; and a department GPA of at least 2.7. Core: CL

ACTG 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ART 141 Drawing (3 SH)

This course is designed to develop confidence in drawing and build basic drawing and perceptual skills. A variety of drawing media, techniques and conceptual approaches will be used. Core: CA. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 120 Private Pilot Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Private Pilot Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Private Pilot Practical Test, and operate safely as a Private Pilot in the National Airspace System.  Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 121 Private Pilot Flight (3 SH)

This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Private Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). To complete this course, students will pass the Final Progress Check and the FAA Private Pilot Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 220 Instrument Rating Ground School (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Instrument Rating Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Instrument Rating Practical Test, and operate safely as Instrument Rated Pilot in the National Airspace System. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 221 Instrument Flight Training (3 SH)

This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements for adding an FAA Instrument Rating-Airplane to an existing Private Pilot Certificate. To complete this course, students will pass the Final Progress Check and the FAA Instrument Rating Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 320 Commercial Pilot Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides advanced aeronautical knowledge in aerodynamics, regulations, meteorology, aircraft systems, and airspace operations. This course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Commercial Pilot Knowledge Test, correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Commercial Pilot Practical Test, and operate safely as a Commercial Pilot in the National Airspace System. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 321 Commercial Flight I (3 SH)

This flight training course is the first of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers and complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations will be introduced. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage One Check. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 322 Commercial Flight II (3 SH)

This flight training course is the second of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers and complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations are reviewed, and cross-country navigation is emphasized. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage Two Check. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 323 Commercial Flight III (3 SH)

This flight training course is the third of three consecutive courses that provide the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of an FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate with Airplane Single-Engine Land Category and Class ratings (ASEL). Commercial Pilot flight maneuvers, complex and technically advanced airplane (TAA) systems and operations, and cross-country navigation are reviewed. To complete this course, students will pass the Stage Three Check, the End-of-Course Check, and the FAA Commercial Pilot Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 340 Multiengine/Professional Operations (3 SH)

Course to include ground and flight instruction required to add FAA Airplane – Multiengine Land Rating to a Commercial Pilot Certificate. Will include subjects related to the exercise of the Commercial Pilot Certificate in professional settings, including line operations related to security, aircraft servicing, and passenger safety, and Pilot-in-Command aircraft maintenance and airworthiness responsibilities. Offered through Lancaster

AVFO 420 Flight Instructor Ground (3 SH)

This ground training course provides the student with the aeronautical knowledge needed to pass the FAA Fundamentals of Instruction and Flight Instructor Knowledge Tests and correctly answer subject matter questions during the oral portion of the Flight Instructor Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster AVFO 421 Flight Instructor Flight (3 SH) This flight training course provides the student with the experience and proficiency necessary to meet the certification requirements of the FAA Flight Instructor Certificate - Airplane Single-Engine. To complete this course, students will pass the End-of-Course Check and the FAA Flight Instructor Oral/Practical Test. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 110 Becoming Aviators-Introduction to Aeronautics (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to, and survey of, the field of aeronautics. It includes a study of the history and trends of aerospace activity, including airline operations, military operations, and general aviation. Each student authors a paper and oral presentation based on their research of a particular piloting vocation. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 120 Aircraft Systems (3 SH)

The objective of this course is to provide students with sufficient background knowledge in aircraft systems and their operation, as required by various aviation occupations. This course involves a comprehensive study of aircraft systems and components at the technical level. Areas of study include: aircraft electrical systems; piston engine ignition systems; turbine aircraft ignition systems and operations; aircraft hydraulic and pneumatic systems; aircraft fuel systems; aircraft propellers and systems; aircraft pressurization and environmental systems; ice and rain control systems; fire protection systems. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 130 Meteorology (3 SH)

This course provides students with an understanding of aviation weather theory as it applies to flight operations. As future aviation professionals, students will learn how pilots, dispatchers, air traffic controllers and others access and utilize aviation weather information. In addition, the available aviation products will be discussed as applies to flight planning, en route weather decisions, and avoidance of weather hazards. This course fulfills an EMU Core LOM-Aviation requirement. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 220 Aerodynamics and Performance (3 SH)

This course provides a study of applied fluid mechanics and aircraft aerodynamic behavior. It also reviews the mechanics and performance of turbine and reciprocating aircraft engines. Exercises in aircraft performance problems are conducted, and a group research project on environmental sustainability in aviation is accomplished. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 320 Aviation Safety (3 SH)

This course is a balanced overview of aviation safety and promotes a value system of regulatory compliance and the nurture of an organizational safety culture driven by ethical leadership. The course includes risk management, accident case studies, principles of accident investigation, the nature of accident error chains, voluntary safety programs, human factors, and an introduction to the Safety Management System (SMS). It imparts practical skills that are immediately useful to the aviation student, as well as a foundation for future safety leadership in aviation organizations. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 330 Aviation Law and Regulatory Compliance (3 SH)

This course examines the evolution of federal civil aviation regulations in the United States. Students will examine the past and present problems prompting regulation of the industry, the resultant safety, legislation, airport development, funding legislation and international aviation legislation. Students will study Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), previously called the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR); the application of 14 CFR Parts 1, 61, 91, 141, NTSB Part 830 and various other 14 CFR Parts. A discussion of the history of aviation regulations, the rulemaking process, letters of interpretation and enforcement will be included. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 340 Professional Operations (3 SH)

Course to include subjects related to the exercise of the Commercial Pilot Certificate in professional settings, including line operations related to security, aircraft servicing, and passenger safety, and Pilot-in-Command aircraft maintenance and airworthiness responsibilities. Course requirements will include observation of a 14 CFR Part 135 air charter organization and completion of a research project based on a complex general aviation operation. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 400 Commercial Aviation Advanced Subjects (3 SH)

This course prepares students to pursue a career in commercial aviation, to include positions that are outside of 14 CFR Part 121 but which require an Air Transport Pilot Certificate. Students will research vocations and organizations and will select a particular organization that conducts types of operations in which they are interested in serving. Students will complete a paper on that organization deriving from research about their organizational history, past and current key persons, financial structure, and nature and location of their operations. Students will receive assistance in applying for the internships in which they will engage in AVIA 430 - Aviation Internship, in the spring semester of their senior year. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 401 Air Transport Advanced Subjects (3 SH)

This course is a survey of 14 CFR Part 121 passenger and cargo airline operations. Students will study topics related to the following functional areas: flight operations, dispatch, customer service, cargo carriage, aircraft maintenance, and cabin safety. Students will visit the operations and maintenance facilities of a 14 CFR Part 121 air carrier organization and will complete a research project and paper based on a Part 121 operation. Students will receive an orientation in a full-motion jet simulator. Students will receive assistance in applying for the internships in which they will engage in AVIA 430 - Aviation Internship, in the Spring Semester of their senior year. Offered through Lancaster

AVIA 430 Aviation Internship (6 SH)

Aviation concentrators will complete a supervised internship with an established aviation organization. Internships run during a full semester and may be completed in fall, spring, or summer. Each internship must be approved by the AVIA 430 course instructor. For successful completion of this course, the student will: compile a resume and cover letter prior to seeking an internship; seek and acquire an internship position with the approval of the AVIA 430 course instructor; submit the Aviation Internship Proposal Form; be under the supervision of a professional in the aerospace industry; work a minimum of 252 hours in an approved operation; remain responsible for completing all assignments and for routinely communicating with the AVIA 430 course instructor during the internship experience. Offered through Lancaster

BIOCH 152 Human Biochemistry (2 SH)

This course focuses on the study of organic and inorganic compounds, especially those important in cellular intermediary metabolism and other biological processes. Prerequisite: CHEM 105 OR 2 years of high school chemistry (or AP Chemistry). This course meets for 7 weeks. BIOCH 318 Biochemistry Molecular Biology Lab (2 SH) A hands-on overview of several major biochemistry and molecular biology laboratory techniques, including protein and nucleic acid purification, expression, and characterization; enzyme kinetics; gene amplification, cloning, and manipulation; and protein and gene bioinformatics. Each student will undertake a short research project. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class, BIOL 240, and CHEM 315.

BIOCH 376 Foundational Biochemistry (3 SH)

A survey of structure – function relationships of biological molecules and systems. Emphasis is placed on enzymology, intermediary metabolism, and metabolic control. Laboratory focuses on protein chemistry and involves an extended independently guided research project in which students develop their own hypotheses and test them using the techniques learned early in the course. Prerequisite: CHEM 316.

BIOCH 398 Advanced Cell Biology (3 SH)

A study of cellular architecture, communication, transport, structure, division, growth and death. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of cancer at the cellular level, and on a quantitative understanding of cellular movements. Students read and report on research articles. Prerequisite: BIOL 240. (Fall 2022) Core: WI

BIOCH 438 Molecular Genetics (3 SH)

A study of the mechanisms of gene structure, stability, replication, transmission, and expression in eukaryotes. Themes include genomics, mutations, and heritable diseases. Students read and report on research articles. Prerequisite: BIOL 240. (Spring 2024)

BIOCH 479 Biochemistry/Chemistry Research (1-3 SH)

Research under the direction of a faculty member. Permission required since enrollment is limited. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOCH 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

BIOL 105 Science and Society (2 SH)

This course uses examples from recent news events as a means of introducing the nature of science and scientific inquiry and the role of science in society, culture, politics, and policy. This course meets for 7 weeks. Offered occasionally. Core: NS

BIOL 112 Human Anatomy and Physiology I (3 SH)

Lecture and laboratory study of the cellular, histological, structural and functional aspects of human body systems. Homeostasis and regulatory principles are emphasized in illustrating normal physiological systems. Laboratory sessions utilize physiologic instrumentation, histology, models, and observation of cadavers to demonstrate anatomic and physiological concepts. High school advanced biology or BIOL 155 and high school chemistry or CHEM 105 or CHEM 155 are recommended as preparation for this course. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 122 Human Anatomy and Physiology II (3 SH)

A continuation of BIOL 112. Courses may be taken out of sequence only with instructor permission. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 145 Nutrition Fundamentals (2 SH)

Basic principles of normal human nutrition with emphasis on energy and the nutrients— their properties, sources, functions and dietary requirements. Current and controversial issues in nutrition are included. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core: NS

BIOL 155 Biological Explorations (3 SH)

Introductory course to biological science, with an emphasis on organism adaptations and life cycles (plant and animal, including human). The course also covers the philosophical and methodological foundations of biology, the scientific method, and an introduction to evolutionary biology. The course consists of lectures, interactive workshops, laboratory experiences, and discussions of current science news and issues. If students are taking BIOL 155 as preparation for BIOL 173, they must achieve a B or greater in this course. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. Core: NS

BIOL 161 Food and Population (3 SH)

An examination of the biological and demographic aspects of the world food and population problems, including economic, political, ethical and theological contributions to the problems and solutions. Current international events that shape global food and population problems will also be addressed. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Core: NS, CC 

BIOL 173 Concepts in Biology-Unity and Diversity of Life (4 SH)

Introductory course for biology majors or those interested in the biology major, emphasizing science as a method of learning about life. This course focuses on two biological issues of current interest to society—the impact of invasive species on ecosystems, and the challenge of infectious diseases. Lecture and laboratory experiences use these two issues as a springboard for learning fundamental concepts and methods in biology. In addition, the study of evolutionary biology is interwoven throughout the course, including issues related to the intersection of science and faith. Emphasis is placed on applying the scientific method, using instrumentation and basic laboratory skills for experimentation, writing scientific reports, and using computers for data analysis and presentation. This course is required for students continuing in the biology major. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. Corequisite: BIOL 174 Core: NS

BIOL 174 Concepts in Biology Seminar (1 SH)

This recitation seminar is required for all first-year students enrolled in BIOL173 and recommended for second-year and transfer students. Small group work will include career exploration, examination of the primary literature, and tutorials and problem-based approaches to reinforce and refine concepts and skills developed in the BIOL173 lecture and lab.

BIOL 205 Introduction to Microbiology (3 SH)

An introduction to the biology and the medical impact and of viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoa, with laboratory emphasis on bacteria. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOCH 152 or BIOL 173.

BIOL 209 Medical Terminology (3 SH)

This course is designed to provide the medical language and nomenclature background for students who plan to enter health care professions. Study of the uses of prefixes, suffixes, and word roots to formulate words describing meaningful medical conditions is emphasized as well as learning their definitions, correct pronunciation, and spelling. Using major body systems as a guide, students will learn the basic anatomic and medical terms related to the muscular, skeletal, respiratory, circulatory, digestive, neurological, reproductive, and urinary systems. No prerequisite. Offered occasionally.

BIOL 215 Organismal Biology (4 SH)

A survey of the diversity of life, introducing microbiology, botany and zoology through a focus on evolutionary history and comparative physiology and bioenergetics. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 219 Life Science Practicum (1 SH)

Experiential community learning in areas related to future vocation is coordinated with classroom instruction and reflection. Assigned shadowing or interactive experiences require 25-30 hours/semester outside of class. Typical experiences may involve hospitals, biomedical organizations, clinics, health departments, or life science education. Prerequisite: satisfactory completion of at least two biology courses and instructor permission. Core: CL

BIOL 220 Science Professions Seminar (1 SH)

In this course, experiential community learning related to future science vocations will be coordinated and integrated with classroom instruction and reflective writing based on readings and experiences. Typical experiences include formal conversations with biology and other STEM alumni, tours of regional biology- and chemistry-related businesses or laboratories, and presentations by STEM professionals. Working with our Career Services office, students will develop curricular and career plans and expand their understanding of possible vocations within STEM, including various academic, industrial, and public sector STEM industries. Recommended for second semester science majors and above.

BIOL 235 Ecology-Adaptation and Environment (4 SH)

A foundation course in basic ecology and evolutionary biology with an emphasis on adaptations of animal and plants to their environment. The role of natural and sexual selection, species interactions, population dynamics, and landscape and community processes are investigated through a variety of projects, simulations, experiments, and field trips to representative ecosystems. Required for students continuing in the biology major, building on the experimental and investigative skills introduced in BIOL 173. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class. Core: WI

BIOL 240 Molecular and Cellular Biology (4 SH)

An examination of various aspects of cell biology, introducing basic understandings of biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell function. Through classroom discussions and laboratory experimentation, students will become familiar with the current techniques and technological advances for the study of the biology of living cells.  Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in BIOL 173 or instructor permission and an annual safety training outside of class.

BIOL 255 Biology Research Seminar (1 SH)

This course is intended for sophomores but may be taken during the second semester of the first year. It is designed to provide an overview of the fundamental and theoretical aspects of research as well as the nature of science. Students will learn to evaluate primary literature, how to assess and interpret data and how to develop hypotheses from that data. Students will learn how to design a research project to fill the gaps in the existing work and write a research proposal. Students will be evaluated on their interpretative skills as well as their scientific reading, writing, and oral presentations. This course meets for 7 weeks.

BIOL 317 Developmental and Stem Cell Biology (4 SH)

This course provides students with an introduction to development and stem cell biology that emphasizes the molecular influences and cellular interactions involved in specification, differentiation and regeneration. Topics include: descriptive and experimental approaches in development, methodologies in stem cell research, embryonic and adult stem cells, stem cell cloning, cell reprogramming and cancer stem cells. Laboratory sessions will explore topics at the intersection of developmental biology and stem cells, and will use a variety of model organisms. A mini-research project is required. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or 173 or equivalent.

BIOL 327 Advanced Microbiology (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of the field of microbiology, emphasizing the principles of medical microbiology and human symbioses. Included in the discussion will be additional focus on disease, treatment, emerging infectious diseases, biotechnology and global public health. Topics will be discussed using lectures, short lab periods, case studies and problem-based learning. Prerequisite: BIOL 240 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2023)

BIOL 337 Immunology (3 SH)

An examination of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate recognition and response in the human immune system. Topics include innate immunity, antibody function, antigen presentation, gene rearrangements, T and B cell development, and mechanisms of tolerance. Additional topics include immune reactions in allergies, HIV, and cancer. Prerequisite: BIOL 240.

BIOL 358 Natural History of the Shenandoah Valley (4 SH)

This course focuses on identification and understanding of the flora, fauna, and geology of the Shenandoah Valley. Students investigate general principles of natural history while simultaneously developing a sense of "place" in the local region. Laboratories rely heavily on field trips. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 173 or permission of instructor. (Fall 2023)

BIOL 364 Entomology: Vector Biology and Control (3 SH)

This public health entomology course provides an overview of insect classification and biology with an emphasis on vectors that cause human disease and current methods being implemented around the globe to control vector borne disease transmission.  Emphasis will be placed on the identification and basic biology (life cycle, reproduction, hostseeking behavior) of major insect vectors and pests as well as the transmission cycles of pathogens spread by major arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks.  Vector-borne diseases of plants and animals as well as agricultural impacts of pest insects will also be covered. Laboratory work focuses on classification of insects to orders and common families, insect behavior and physiology, and experimental methodology used to evaluate control strategies.  Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Fall 2023)

BIOL 368 Blue Ridge Botany (2 SH)

This course involves the study and appreciation of plants in their natural environments. Emphasis is placed on species found in the mountains in and around Rockingham County. Topics include plant development, reproduction, identification, taxonomy, and community ecology. We also discuss how environmental factors affect plant growth, distribution, and assemblage into communities. The course will include several field trips. Prerequisites: BIOL 155, BIOL 173, or instructor approval. This course meets for 7 weeks. (Fall 2023)

BIOL 369 Teaching of Biology (1-2 SH)

Practical experience in teaching of biology by working with a faculty member in a biology course. May include proctoring in self-paced courses, tutoring, assisting in the preparation and supervision of laboratories, or other teaching functions. A written self-evaluation is required. Prerequisite: consent of the instructor.

BIOL 395 Bioinformatics (2 SH)

This course teaches the bioinformatics skills used in academic and biotech laboratories for analyzing individual DNA and protein sequences. The focus is extensive hands-on experience using mainstream web-based bioinformatics tools. Laboratory based course that addresses biological questions by analyzing sequences, searching databases, using sophisticated software, and interpreting results. Prerequisites: BIOL 240. (Spring 2024)

BIOL 429 Biology Internship (1-3 SH)

This course serves as a practical application of biological principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student’s particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization. Open to junior or senior level general biology track majors only.

BIOL 437 Advanced Human Anatomy (4 SH)

Anatomical study of body systems using human cadaver materials. Histological studies are correlated with the above anatomical studies. Laboratory work includes dissection, osteology and microscopy. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 215 or instructor permission. (BMC 612)

BIOL 447 Advanced Human Physiology (4 SH)

Investigative study of selected body systems including neuro-muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and endocrine physiology. Extensive laboratory work emphasizes quantification and experimentation while using live materials and physiologic instrumentation. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or 173. (BMC 562)

BIOL 451 Neuropsychology (3 SH)

Survey of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including loss of function studies and the function of sensory receptors and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the role of general neurophysiological principles that affect human behavior. (PSYC 451) (Spring 2024) Core: NS

BIOL 478 Advanced Neurobiology (3 SH)

This course explores the interdisciplinary field of neuroscience with an emphasis on the biology of the nervous system. It includes the structure of the nervous system, how neurons communicate electrically and chemically, sensory systems, motor systems, and the neural basis of behavior. Two lecture periods and one lab per week. Prerequisites: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 112 or BIOL 173. (Spring 2023)

BIOL 479 Biology Research (1-3 SH)

Multi-semester research under the direction of a faculty member. Pre- or co-requisite: BIOL 255 and an annual safety training outside of class. Instructor permission required and dependent on student application.

BIOL 485 Faith, Science and Ethics (2 SH)

Explores the relationship between science and Christian faith by investigating the philosophical foundations of science and their interactions with theology. Issues such as the evolutionary basis for morality, chance and complexity, human nature, environmental ethics, and bioethics are examined. A "worldview" reflective paper is required. Restricted to students majoring in the biology/chemistry programs or by instructor permission. Core: WI

BIOL 499 Independent Study (3 SH)

BIST 212 And the Word Became Book-History of the Bible (3 SH)

Beginning with ways God's revelation is explained, this class follows the story of the Bible from oral tradition to written and copies texts, to collection and canonization, translation, dissemination through mission, and textual study, to modern versions of the Bible. Students also survey approaches to biblical interpretation and reflect on their own stories with the Bible in light of what they have learned about its own story. Core: ABP

BIST 223 Four Portraits of Jesus-Reading the Gospels (3 SH)

Students explore the texts of the four canonical gospels, using narrative, inductive, and comparative approaches to deepen their knowledge of and insight about four ways that early believers told the stories of the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus. Through participation in contemporary community settings, students will reflect on ways that the gospel/good news can be visible in our own contexts. (Fall 2023) Core: ABP, CL

BIST 323 Life and Letters of Apostle Paul (3 SH)

This course surveys Paul's writings, the deutero-Pauline writings, and the account of Paul's life in Acts. It considers central themes in Paul's missiological and theological efforts, and introduces students to methods of biblical exegesis, including learning by peer reviews of each other's interpretational work. Students reflect on Paul's proclamation of the faithfulness of God in Jesus Christ and the faith response of humans to God's work. (Fall 2022) Core: ABP, WI

BIST 341 Old Testament Studies (3 SH)

This course invites students to explore a portion of the Hebrew Bible (e.g., Genesis- Exodus, Jeremiah, Job, Psalms) and provides an introduction to biblical interpretation and exegesis. Drawing on historical study, literary analysis, and dialogue with Jewish and other perspectives, students will develop their understanding of how these Old Testament texts continue to shape Christian faith and practice. (Fall 2023) Core: ABP

BIST 390 Biblical Perspectives (3 SH)

This course reflects the commitment of Eastern Mennonite University as a Christian liberal arts university. This is a commitment to nurture an appreciation for the rich resources of the scriptures for creative personal faith and human life in the modern world. It is designed to foster knowledge and understanding of the literature and history of the Bible and the integration of faith, learning, and living. Only offered to LOM students.

BIST 412 Elementary Hebrew (3 SH)

This course introduces biblical Hebrew grammar and vocabulary. Students will memorize the most frequently occurring vocabulary and grammatical forms for ease of reading biblical texts, and will read basic narrative prose passages from the Hebrew Bible. Lecture videos based on a textbook are provided online; class time focuses on reading and practice exercises using a workbook and other resources. (BVOT 532) (Does not satisfy EMU Core Foreign Language Requirement.) Prerequisite: senior status or permission of instructor

BIST 423 Elementary Greek (3 SH)

This course is a basic introduction to the language of the Greek New Testament. The course focuses on the basic grammar necessary for reading/translating the Greek New Testament as well as for doing more advanced Greek studies. Through classroom study, written exercises, quizzes and readings in the Gospel of John, students develop ability in discovering the form and function of words/phrases, build a basic vocabulary and discover the value of language study for biblical interpretation. (BVNT 531) (Does not satisfy EMU Core Foreign Language Requirement.) Prerequisite: senior status or permission of instructor.

BIST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

BISTL 380 Biblical Perspectives (3 SH)

This course reflects the commitment of Eastern Mennonite University as a Christian, liberal arts university, to nurture an appreciation for the rich resources of the scriptures for creative personal faith and human life in the modern world. It is designed to foster knowledge and understanding of the literature and history of the Bible and the integration of faith, learning, and living.  Offered through Lancaster

BISTL 390 Biblical Perspectives (3 SH)

This course reflects the commitment of Eastern Mennonite University as a Christian, liberal arts university, to nurture an appreciation for the rich resources of the scriptures for creative personal faith and human life in the modern world. It is designed to foster knowledge and understanding of the literature and history of the Bible and the integration of faith, learning, and living. Offered through Lancaster

BUAD 101 Business at EMU (3 SH)

Explore the fundamentals of business and entrepreneurship through a practical lens. Learn about the core purpose of business and the role of the organization in society while examining the primary areas of operations including finance, marketing, accounting, production, distribution, human resources, communication, technology, and leadership. Students assess and develop their own skills and abilities with a focus on developing business-oriented written and oral communication skills along with business etiquette. The course is facilitated through two distinct delivery models. Section A is traditional in-person classes, while Section B is asynchronous interaction and a rich learning environment that includes videos, screencasts, readings, activities, discussions, and more. Section B students will access content online on their own schedule with weekly due dates for activities and assignments.

BUAD 221 Principles of Management (3 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the principles and practices of management. Management is examined in its major functions: planning, leading, organizing and controlling. Examples from businesses and other organizations are reviewed to understand how these principles apply. Other courses in the curriculum build on the knowledge and understanding developed in this course. Core: SB

BUAD 301 Quantitative Decision Making (3 SH)

An examination of quantitative techniques used in managerial decision making. Topics include use of probability distributions, forecasting, inventory planning, decision tables, decision trees, linear programming and networks. The course will emphasize applications using computer spreadsheets and software. Prerequisites: STAT 120, CIS 211, and admission to the department.

BUAD 321 Human Resource Management (3 SH)

This course evaluates the primary personnel and human resource management functions and activities. Topical studies include recruiting, selecting, hiring and evaluating employees. Attention is also given to thorough job analysis, writing job descriptions and managing effective wage and salary programs. The course objective is to assist the student in becoming an effective line manager or human resource specialist. Prerequisite: BUAD 221. (Spring 2024)

BUAD 331 Organizational Behavior (3 SH)

This course studies the management of human behavior in organizations. Behavioral topics include group dynamics, motivation, communication, ethical leadership, self-managed teams, and sustainability. Management topics include a review of managerial functions, planning and decision-making techniques, and organizational design. This course relies heavily on the case study method and effective communications skills to equip students for managerial and leadership roles. Prerequisite: BUAD 221 or PSYC 221. Core: WI

BUAD 411 Business Law (3 SH)

This course is designed to give students a working knowledge of important legal issues that affect the rights and responsibilities of American business persons and organizations. Students will develop an appreciation for the interrelationship between ethics, law and business decision-making. Students will develop an understanding of the foundation of the legal system as it relates to business; the law on management of the workforce; and the various dispute resolution alternatives.

BUAD 431 Seminar in Human Resource Management (3 SH)

This course helps students to acquire basic knowledge about the legal relationships between employer and employee and understand the potential impact of each. Students will learn parameters for selecting, testing, disciplining and discharging employees; understand and apply federal and state laws against discrimination and harassment; and be prepared to follow government regulation of the workplace, including minimum and maximum wage hours, safety, health, compensation for injuries, and pension and health benefits. Prerequisite: BUAD 221 or consent of the instructor (Spring 2023)

BUAD 441 International Business (3 SH)

This course explores international business from the perspective of economic markets, trade, finance, and the influences of differences in macro-cultures on business decisions. The course begins with an overview of economic institutions that provide the context for international business and current economic theory on trade and finance. Students then consider and learn how culture influences organizational decisions related to strategy and operations. Throughout the course, students will analyze how decisions may differentially impact stakeholders and how they fit within these systems. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212. (ECON 411) (Spring 2023) Core: CC

BUAD 461 Strategic Leadership in Organizations (3 SH)

Strategic Leadership in Organizations is a capstone course, intended to draw upon content learned in previous courses, such as management, accounting and finance, and marketing. It is primarily a course in business values and strategy and is designed to teach analytical thinking while understanding concepts of business strategy and competition. Important themes include effective and ethical leadership, sustainable business strategy and the role of organizational values. Prerequisite: Senior standing and departmental admission. Core: CL

BUAD 465 Project Management and Grantwriting (3 SH)

Most organizations accomplish their mission and manage much of their work through projects. This requires specific skills to manage not only individual projects but often a complex web of multiple and interrelated programs, working skillfully with diverse stakeholders, against demanding deadlines, and with limited resources. Students will improve their capacity to balance the art and science of managing projects by building technical competencies and adopting best practices of leadership and management, all through an integrated lens of leadership for the common good. (OLS 665)

BUAD 470-475 Topics in Business (3 SH)

Special topics courses are offered based on student and/or faculty interest, or to address significant contemporary issues in the field. Topics that have in the past been offered or considered include: entrepreneurship, microfinance, money and banking, and social media marketing. BUAD 471 Topics in Business-Nonprofit Management (3 SH) Offered in alternate years

BUAD 481 Business Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give business administration majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for business administration majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship director must approve the internship before it commences. Core: CL

BUAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CCSCL 440 Cross-Cultural Perspectives (3 SH)

This course focuses on the development of global awareness, faith, and management as it relates to cross-cultural understanding. Students will be challenged to look beyond their own culture and understand social systems and institutions from the perspective of people in another culture. Experiential learning will take place as students participate in an off-campus, cross-cultural experience in a culture that is different from the students' majority orientation. Offered through Lancaster

CCSCL 450 Cross-Cultural Perspectives (3 SH)

This course focuses on the development of global awareness, faith, and management as it relates to cross-cultural understanding. Students will be challenged to look beyond their own culture and understand social systems and institutions from the perspective of people in another culture. Experiential learning will take place as students participate in an off-campus, cross-cultural experience in a culture that is different from the students' majority orientation. Offered through Lancaster

CCSPA 312 Advanced Conversational Spanish I (3 SH)

These courses are designed to help students gain oral competency and a solid grammatical base in Spanish through small group, intensive classes. They are offered in the setting of a cross-cultural study experience offered by EMU. When offered through the Central America Study and Service program in Guatemala City, Guatemala, classes meet for four hours, five days a week for seven weeks. Students live with Guatemalan families to enhance linguistic immersion. Each student is assessed at the beginning for placement and at the end for oral and written competency. The courses will be designed to meet the individual student's needs. 

CCSPA 322 Advanced Conversational Spanish II (3 SH)

These courses are designed to help students gain oral competency and a solid grammatical base in Spanish through small group, intensive classes. They are offered in the setting of a cross-cultural study experience offered by EMU. When offered through the Central America Study and Service program in Guatemala City, Guatemala, classes meet for four hours, five days a week for seven weeks. Students live with Guatemalan families to enhance linguistic immersion. Each student is assessed at the beginning for placement and at the end for oral and written competency. The courses will be designed to meet the individual student's needs. 

CCSSC 201 Cross-Cultural Social Science (1-3 SH)

This course provides the foundation for intercultural learning and is offered in conjunction with the off-campus programs including semester programs (Option 1), summer 3 or 6 week programs (Option 2) or WCSC semester or summer programs (Option 3).  For additional information on any cross-cultural offerings, students are encouraged to contact the Intercultural Programs office. Core: CC CCSSC 202 Cross-Cultural Learning Integration (0-1 SH) International students, multicultural students and students with previous qualifying cross-cultural experiences reflect on their learning to fulfill the experiential component of the cross-cultural requirements. Permission must be granted by the Intercultural Programs director to take this course once the 7-8 SH of cross-cultural designates (including foreign language) are complete. Core: CC

CCSSC 211 Cross-Cultural Community Immersion (3 SH)

This course is offered on campus during the semester and includes a significant experience (at least 40 hours) in the home of a local family from a different language and culture than that of the student. Requirements also include at least 20 hours in partnership with an Intensive English Program student. For additional information on any cross-cultural offerings, students are encouraged to contact the Intercultural Programs office. Core: CC

CCSSC 387 Race, Space, and Inequality (3 SH)

This course is an introduction to urban studies, focused in particular on questions of space and place. Through fieldwork, readings, and discussion, we explore the urban landscape of Washington, D.C., seeking to understand the spatial organization of the city, the inequalities it reflects, and the implications for people and communities. What drives racial and economic segregation? How do we make sense of cycles of neighborhood development and disinvestment? This course asks students to consider the breadth of actors and forces that shape the city, and to reflect on what it means to seek justice within this context. Core: CC, WI, WCSC

CCSSC 388 Creativity, Culture and Change: Latinidad in the Capital Region (3 SH)

There is a wealth of culture in the Metropolitan D.C. area, which includes a variety of Latin American and Caribbean influences. This class takes a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding that aspect of the city—delving into the push/pull factors of immigration—and looks at the many contributions the Latinx community has made. Students will get a chance to experience and interpret the cultural, socio-economic, geographic and political influences of the Latinx community on the metro D.C. area. They will gain insight into the current national debate on immigration issues and take the opportunity to critically reflect and analyze relevant issues through speakers, class discussions, readings, visits to various community organizations, and a final research project.

CCSSC 440 Cross-Cultural Perspectives (3 SH)

This course focuses on the development of global awareness, faith, and management as it relates to cross-cultural understanding. Students will be challenged to look beyond their own culture and understand social systems and institutions from the perspective of people in another culture. Experiential learning will take place as students participate in an off-campus cross-cultural experience. Available to students enrolled in a adult degree completion program only.

CCUSL 310 Global Trends in Health Care (3 SH)

This course will discuss health and health care that transcend geographic boundaries. The overall goal is for students to develop a worldview that comprehends the interrelationship between health and social systems, institutions, culture, politics, environmental factors, education, and economics. Some topics of discussion will include health disparities among nations, global environmental issues, poverty, human trafficking, and pharmaceuticals as it affects cultures. Available to students enrolled in a adult degree completion program only. Offered through Lancaster

CE 165 Networking and Data Communication (2 SH)

An introduction to networking and the Internet. Topics include TCP/IP and other network protocols, standard data formats including web standards such as HTML and CSS, client/ server applications, network infrastructure, and security.

CE 175 Architecture and Operating Systems (4 SH)

An introduction to computer hardware and system software. Topics include digital logic, computer organization and architecture, interfacing and communication, memory management, scheduling and resource allocation, and concurrency. Previous programming experience recommended.

CE 330-335 Topics in Computer Engineering (2-4 SH)

The department will offer at least one Topics course each year with the content based on the areas of interest of current students and faculty. The course may be taken for credit repeatedly since the content will vary from year to year. Topics may include: theory of computation, numerical analysis, modeling and simulation, graphics, computer animation, computer vision, advanced algorithmic analysis, cryptography, parallel algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, smart phone technology, hypermedia development, language translation systems, and functional programming.

CE 365 Digital Circuits (3 SH)

This course will introduce students to the tools and techniques behind modern digital logic circuits. We will begin with how basic logic gates are built from transistors, how basic logic gates are used to implement combinational and sequential circuits and such as flip-flops, adders, multiplexers, etc. culminating with circuit design using a microcontroller. (Spring 2023)

CE 375 Software Engineering (2 SH)

Software engineering is the set of interrelated disciplines that are utilized in the development, deployment, maintenance, and usage of enterprise-wide software solutions. This course focuses on the lifecycle of information systems and how that relates to strategic planning and information usage. Several software development lifecycle models will be explored as students participate in generating logical programming designs. Prerequisites: CS 255 and CS 275. (Fall 2023)

CHEM 105 Chemistry for the Life Sciences (2 SH)

This courses addresses basic concepts of chemistry as they pertain to the health sciences and is a good preparation for students who intend to pursue a career in nursing. This course will cover topics such as making measurements, dimensional analysis, atomic structure, types of bonding, as well as some introduction to reactions, particularly acids and bases. Prerequisite: high school algebra or equivalent. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core: NS

CHEM 155 Matter and Energy (3 SH)

This course addresses basic concepts of chemistry and physics in the context of social, environmental, and political issues. This course will cover topics such as atomic structure and bonding, the physics of energy, chemical reactions in air and water, and the nature of scientific inquiry. Two lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: high school algebra or equivalent and an annual safety training outside of class. Core: NS

CHEM 223 General Chemistry I (4 SH)

A study of water, solutions, atomic and molecular structure, chemical bonding, and chemical reactions. Laboratory work involves quantitative, computational, and spectroscopic analyses of chemical systems that are relevant to the 'real world'. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and high school chemistry or equivalent; minimum SAT score of 530 math and 1080 composite or ACT score of 22 math and 21 total. Students without the minimum SAT or ACT score must first pass MATH 114 College Algebra with a grade of B or higher. Core: NS

CHEM 224 General Chemistry II (4 SH)

A careful study of chemical reactions with respect to enthalpy, entropy, equilibrium, kinetics, and electrochemistry. Laboratory work involves the student-directed development of a technique for the quantitative and spectroscopic analyses of an environmentally important substance. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 285 Environmental Chemistry (4 SH)

An introduction to concepts in atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial chemistry, pollution, and energy production and consumption. Students and faculty work together with members of the community at large to investigate local environmental issues, and to educate the community about these issues. Laboratory work includes common field sampling and analytical techniques, and statistical analysis of chemical data. Students are expected to design, conduct, and report on experimentation to confirm measurements of environmental analytes using multiple strategies. Three lectures and one laboratory period or field-trip per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2024) Core: CL

CHEM 305 Alternative Energy (2 SH)

This course will address understanding some of the current and emerging "energy alternatives" by looking at the chemistry underlying each means of energy production. Topics addressed will fall into three broad categories: electrochemistry (photovoltaics, fuel cells, batteries, etc.), thermodynamics (fuels) and nuclear chemistry. The course will have several short laboratory exercises to provide a hands-on introduction to several energy sources and students will pursue an in-depth project. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Spring 2023)

CHEM 315 Organic Chemistry I (4 SH)

Organic chemistry is the study of the relationship between the three-dimensional structure and the reactivity of carbon compounds. The chemical and physical properties of organic compounds will be linked to an understanding of orbital theory, electronegativity, strain, and sterics. Reactions of simple organic compounds will be described in terms of electron movement (mechanisms) and kinetic vs. thermodynamic parameters. The laboratory will emphasize development of purification, isolation, and identification techniques, particularly chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. Three lectures and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 316 Organic Chemistry II (4 SH)

This class builds on the reactions and mechanisms described in CHEM 315 so that 'new' mechanisms can be deduced based on the key principles of conformational preference, sterics, polarity and bond strength. Aromatic compounds as well as oxygen and nitrogen containing compounds are studied so that the chemistry of biomolecules can be introduced. Structure determination of increasingly complex compounds by instrumental techniques, such as GC-MS, NMR, and IR, will also be emphasized. The laboratory will involve multi- step transformations, purifications, and advanced structure determination using primarily instrumental techniques. Three lectures and one four-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: CHEM 315 and an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 325 Analytical Chemistry I (2 SH)

An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Gravimetric and Titrimetric analysis, Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, Advanced GCMS and ion-selective electrodes. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2022)

CHEM 345 Analytical Chemistry II (2 SH)

An overview of the various aspects of analytical chemistry such as sampling, statistical analysis of data sets, quantitative and qualitative analysis, spectroscopy and chromatography, and trouble-shooting/ instrument design and maintenance. Emphasis will be given to Atomic spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy including multi-dimensional analysis and nuclei beyond C and H, HPLC. One lecture, four hours of laboratory. Prerequisite: a grade of at least "C" in CHEM 224 and an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2023)

CHEM 405 Thermodynamics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Topics include gases, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, chemical and phase equilibria in single and multi-component systems, chemical reaction rate laws, and mechanisms. Prerequisite: two semesters of math, recommended completion of MATH 195. (PHYS 405) (Spring 2023)

CHEM 406 Quantum Mechanics (3 SH)

A mathematically intensive study of basic QM as related to atomic and molecular structures. Topics include application of the Schrodinger equation to model systems, hydrogenic wave functions, approximation methods, models of chemical bonding, and spectroscopy. Prerequisite: two semesters of math including MATH 195 or instructor permission. (PHYS 406) (Spring 2024)

CHEM 479 Chemistry/Biochemistry Research (1-3 SH)

Research under the direction of a faculty member. Permission required since enrollment is limited. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class.

CHEM 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CHMUS 211 Music for the Congregation (3 SH)

This course will address the topic of music in congregational life from the perspective of both the pastor and the musician.  Students will study basic historical trends and theological concepts that contribute to the current horizons of music in church life.  Additionally, students will learn the foundational musical concepts needed for success in their vocational area.  Strong emphasis will be placed on the scope and use of various worship and music resources.  To allow for deeper engagement at both the graduate and undergraduate levels, seminary and music department students will be paired in a culminating project for the course. (SMCL 640) Core: CA

CHMUS 490 Church Music Internship (1-2 SH)

Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music-related fields according to their areas of interest.

CHST 101 Small Group Ministry Practicum I (1 SH)

This practicum experience provides an opportunity for students to explore and develop interests in church leadership and ministry. Enrollment is limited to Ministry Assistants (MAs), who are required to lead weekly small groups in residence halls or off-campus.

CHST 212 Introduction to Youth Ministry (3 SH)

Do you believe that the average North American youth has experienced hurt and a sense of abandonment by the adult culture? Drawing from Chap Clark's text, Hurt 2.0, we will explore this theory as we become familiar with current issues in North American youth culture. The basics of ministry for working with youth, prevention of sexual abuse, theories of adolescent faith development and self-care for youth workers are also taught. If you have an interest in working with young people in your profession this course is for you. Learning from guest speakers and observation of local youth work will also be a part of this course. Core: CW

CHST 223 Spiritual Formation, Sacred Pauses (3 SH)

In the midst of a crazy paced world would you like to find some peace? Join us on a journey of Christian spiritual formation where we search for daily spaces that April Yamasaki calls "Sacred Pauses." Using texts by Yamasaki and Foster we will learn to practice twelve spiritual disciplines, such as prayer, simplicity and meditation and we will discern their impact on our inward and outward journeys of faith. A weekly small group experience, a day-long silent retreat, and periodic meetings with a spiritual director are also part of this course. Core: CW

CHST 234 Mission in a Changing World (3 SH)

In a promising and perilous world that is constantly being reshaped by global economic realities, environmental degradation, endless conflicts, instant communication, and mass migration, the faithful church seeks to witness to the good news of the Kingdom of God. This course examines features of the high-risk, exploratory, and experimental nature of effective mission movements that have engaged the world in similar times of challenge and opportunity. Using insights from innovations demonstrated by Jesus, Paul, and many others through history including the early Anabaptists, students will examine, critique, design, and advocate appropriate approaches to mission in our present and future world. Core: CW

CHST 260 Teaching, Ministry, and Healthy Sexuality (3 SH)

This course explores the meaning and purpose of human sexuality from a theological perspective. It is designed to meet curriculum requirements for Physical Education, Education, Bible and Religion majors, and to serve other students whose career interests include working with youth. It will prepare students to teach/lead/minister with youth and young adults on sexuality-related questions, including learning how to avoid and prevent sexual harassment and abuse. Sophomore standing required for enrollment. (HE 260)

CHST 312 Missiology (3 SH)

This course is designed to introduce students to the interdisciplinary field of missiology by examining Christian mission, as well as the issues raised by its critics, from various perspectives. These perspectives include biblical foundations of mission, a historical overview of missions, critical reflections on empire and globalization, current issues in mission, practical applications, and personal considerations for intercultural missionaries. Core: CL

CHST 334 Almost Christian-Youth Ministry In Congregations (3 SH)

What does the faith of North American teens tell the North American church? Kenda Creasy Dean's textbook, Almost Christian, shows that the faith of the average American teen is not theologically sound, but is "Almost Christian." How does youth ministry address this challenge? This course will focus on congregationally based youth ministry that moves beyond an emphasis on programming, to ministry that is relational, innovative and community and congregationally based. Learning to involve the entire congregation in youth ministry and mentoring programs, as well as becoming familiar with baptismal and church membership materials for youth will also be a part of this course. 

CHST 365 Mennonite History and Thought (3 SH)

A survey of the Anabaptist movement and Mennonites throughout the world from the sixteenth to twenty-first centuries. Issues include pacifism, wealth, political participation, community and tensions between faith and the dominant culture. Particular attention is given to the Anabaptist vision and its relevance for 21st century American life. (HIST 365) (Spring 2023)

CHST 372 Church Leadership for Transformation (3 SH)

What is the role of a faithful church and its leaders in today's conflicted world? Learn how God is using prophetic voices to provide congregational leadership in these days of church decline. Practice practical skills as you design a worship service, preach a sermon, learn about rituals of congregational life, interact with local church leaders and visit area churches. (Fall 2022) Core: CW

CHST 435 Martyrs, Merchants, and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

This course surveys stories of Christianity, from the first century of the Common Era up to the dawn of the Protestant Reformation. It describes successes and failures, traditions and innovations, as Christians spread west into Europe, east toward China, and south into Africa. Students will consider questions Christians have struggled with and evaluate choices Christians have made. Thinking about poverty and wealth, enculturation in mission, peace and war, church and state, women and men throughout these stories will allow intersections with 21st-century Christian realities. (HIST 435) Core: CW, WI

CHST 451 Church Work Practicum (3 SH)

Would you like to experience the inner workings of a congregation, and test your gifts for ministry? A program of study and supervised field experience in a congregation, church agency or related ministry. Special emphasis is placed on personal development for ministry, developing leadership skills and experiencing the many facets of ministry in the congregation. Core: CL

CHST 462 Mission Practicum (3 SH)

The purpose of the practicum is first-hand involvement in Christian ministry and witness in an intercultural setting. Radical Journey, SALT, and YES and other similar short-term programs may meet this requirement if arrangements are made with an adviser before beginning the placement. Summer placements in global South settings, or participation in a Washington Community Scholars' Center internship or other urban context are encouraged. Religion and intercultural studies minors may integrate their practicum with a required practicum in their major, or within a semester-long crosscultural, if arrangements are made beforehand with an adviser.

CHST 473 Youth Ministry Practicum (3 SH)

Would you like to experience the challenge of hands-on ministry with youth? Participate in a supervised field experience in a congregation, camp or related ministry. The focus of the practicum is to gain first-hand experience working with youth, and to learn leadership skills and to grow in personal development. Core: CL

CHST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CIS 211 Spreadsheet and Data Management (1 SH)

Organizing, managing, and communicating data is critical in organizations today. Leaders and researchers with sound knowledge of the information contained in their data are better equipped to make strategic decisions and answer the complex questions in their discipline. This course provides a requisite skillset for using spreadsheet applications (Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets) for data analysis and a deeper set of tools for broad information management. This course is relevant to students of any major where data management and statistical analysis is helpful in their field. This course is typically offered fall and spring semesters with a choice of in-person or online/asynchronous, and only online/ asynchronous during the summer term.

CIS 251 Management Information Systems (3 SH)

An introduction to information resources within the context of an organization. The course focuses on the ways in which technology enables business to function more efficiently. Topics include the strategic importance of information, the technical components of information systems, and the business value created by using information systems. Prerequisites or corequisites: BUAD 221 and CIS 211.

CIS 321 Advanced Spreadsheets (1 SH)

This course focuses on automation of complex tasks and analyses in the spreadsheet environment. The course builds proficiency in tools for managing data sets and solving complex problems using the data. The course also builds introductory programming skills through the use of macros and Visual Basic. Course learning is project-based. Prerequisites: CIS 211 and any STAT course. (Spring 2023)

CMUS 114 Appreciating Music Making (3 SH)

Focusing on experiential learning, this class introduces music from the insider's perspective in order for students to explore creative processes involved in music making. Class content is organized topically, including notation systems, ensembles, composition, improvisation, music philosophies, film music, and music and worship from both Western and non-Western perspectives. Students will develop informed listening skills and cultivate an appreciation for the many contexts of music in our daily lives. Familiarity with music notation is not required. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well.  (Offered through EMU Harrisonburg as a 2 SH course, CMUS 116.) Core: CA

CMUS 116 Appreciating Music Making (2 SH)

Music is one of the most fundamental and powerful forms of human creativity and expression. Through an exploration of classical music, pop music, jazz, rock, rap, world music and more, we will learn to understand the colorful tapestry of musical language across various styles, genres, and eras. In this course, we will feature live performances, watch video, listen to audio, and participate in interactive activities in order to enrich our classroom experience and gain a greater understanding and deeper love for the art of music. (Offered through EMU Lancaster as a 3 SH course, CMUS 114) Core: CA

CMUS 120 Music Fundamentals (3 SH)

A music fundamentals course open to students of all disciplines. Musical literacy is not required, as the course will introduce students to the skills needed to read and write Western music notation, as well as to understand, analyze, and listen. Topics include pitches and scales, intervals, clefs, rhythm, form, meter, phrases and cadences, and basic harmony. Majors and minors may be excused from this course or sections of it by examination.

CMUS 181 Music Theory I (3 SH)

Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the theory of major Western musical styles from the Middle Ages to 1800, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. The course starts with series counterpoint and moves to part writing, harmonic analysis, and musical form. The ability to read music is required. Prerequisite: CMUS 120.

CMUS 200 Landscape of Music (0 SH)

A required course for all music majors to be registered each on-campus semester, with the following objectives: to prepare students to be successful music majors, to model the unity of the various aspects of musicianship, and to develop a style of learning that will lead to successful end-of-the-year performance assessments.

CMUS 201 Topics in Music-World Music (2 SH)

World Music is a broad survey course. Through reading, listening, practical experience and discussion, students will acquire a broad understanding of a very expansive field. The course, organized as a tour around the globe, focuses on the unique musical language and expression, the cultural context, and the global significance for each country visited on this 'tour.' Offered in alternate years Core: CA, CC

CMUS 202 Topics in Music-Folk-Rock to Hip-Hop (2 SH)

From its earliest beginnings in the blues and Tin Pan Alley, all the way up to today's most current artists, American popular music has played a vital role in shaping the cultural landscape of the United States and the world. This course will survey the rich history of American popular music from a cultural, technological, and sociological perspective and explore its various influences. Students will learn elementary music concepts and skills through interactive engagement and will examine the characteristics of various musical styles including country, folk, rock, pop, R&B, rap and more. Through a hands-on exploration of music by artists such as The Beatles, Bon Jovi, Jimi Hendrix, Beyonce, Tupac Shakur, Billie Eilish, Chris Stapleton, and many more, this course provides a foundation for understanding the full and dynamic tapestry of music that continues to impact and shape generations.  Core: CA

CMUS 203 Topics in Music-Listening to Film (2 SH)

The past one hundred years have witnessed the development of a new art form: film. From its beginnings (before movies even had spoken dialog) music has played an integral part in shaping the perceptions of its audience. Ironically, when viewing a film, we rarely give the soundtrack our full attention. This course will introduce students to a new way of "listening to film" as it chronicles the history of cinema and its evolving relationship with music. No prior knowledge of music or film history is necessary. Offered in alternate years Core: CA

CMUS 204 Topics in Music-Introduction to Music Technology (2 SH)

The Music Technology course will allow students to discover and explore introductory concepts used in music sequencing, notation, and recording. This course will provide a detailed explanation of computer music production. Students will develop skills in loop and MIDI production, sampling, digital audio generation, audio recording, editing, and mixing through class instruction and hands-on learning with Ableton Live and Audacity software. No prior experience in music is necessary. Offered in alternate years Core: CA

CMUS 205 Topics in Music-Musical Theater (2 SH)

Integrating practice with history and theory, this course examines the use of music in theater from the advent of opera in Renaissance Italy to the American Broadway Musical. Students will perform songs and engage with dance/movement as they learn to become better performers and more informed audience members. Students with all levels of experience from absolute beginner to seasoned performer are welcome! (THR 231) Offered in alternate years

CMUS 250 Music History I (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Middle Ages to the Classical Era, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required. Core: WI

CMUS 260 Music History II (3 SH)

Music is the product of people, their lives, and communities throughout time. In academia, it is often separated and taught in distinct divisions such as theory and history; however, these two areas should be understood in context with each other and as part of an integrated whole. Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the history and theory of major Western musical styles from the Classical Era to the present, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. Counterpoint, musical form, and writing about music are emphasized. The ability to read music is required. Core: WI

CMUS 281 Music Theory II (3 SH)

Centering on experiential learning, this course will examine the theory of major Western musical styles from 1800 to present, noting the variety of genres, compositional practices, and ideas that ultimately inform music making today. The course covers part writing, harmonic analysis, musical form, and 20th-21st century compositional techniques. The ability to read music is required. Prerequisite: CMUS 181.

CMUS 411 Conducting I (4 SH)

A comprehensive course that includes beginning conducting techniques (choral and instrumental), score analysis, rehearsal techniques, and an introduction to orchestration. Writing about music (analysis, essays, program notes, reviews, and formal papers) is included in this course. Prerequisite: junior or senior music major or minor, or instructor's permission. Offered in alternate years

CMUS 412 The Compleat Musician (4 SH)

Capstone course for the music major. Semester will culminate with a public performance of selected works for voices and instruments in which each student will perform in an ensemble setting. This course will include continued development of conducting techniques, completion of a choral arrangement, score analysis, historical analysis, program note writing strategies, and development of collaborative skills.

CMUS 440 Seminar (1-3 SH)

Offerings dependent on faculty and student interest. Requires instructor's permission; may be repeated. CMUS 490 Internship (1-2 SH) Internships are provided through churches and community organizations. Students gain various experiences in a wide range of music related fields according to their areas of interest. Core: CL

CMUS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

CORE 101 Transitions (1 SH)

This course is for all first-year students. Students engage in small groups to explore the academic, empathic, and vocational skills that support a successful transition to EMU. Discussion and community-building is emphasized.

CORE 201 Life Wellness (2 SH)

This largely experiential course focuses on creation care and stewardship of the body in relation to doing justice, loving mercy, and walking humbly with God. This course is not available for first-year students and is ideally taken in the second year at EMU. (Education students seeking PreK-3, PreK-6, SPED, or Health and Physical Education (PreK-12) licensure, substitute HE 202 Health and Safety for CORE 201 Life Wellness.)

CORE 302 University Research (1 SH)

This course is recommended for transfer students who have fulfilled their College Writing requirement prior to enrollment at EMU. Students participate in a guided study to be oriented to EMU's digital resources and research expectations as they complete a single research project. Students complete the study within 4-7 weeks during the first or second session of their first semester.

CORE 401 Senior Seminar (2 SH)

This team-taught course provides an opportunity for students to reflect on their life journeys and synthesize their undergraduate experience as they consider their transition from EMU. The course focuses on identity formation, the process of being and becoming, and finding voice. A chosen theme frames volitional and reflective inquiry. Registration is limited to students in their final year of enrollment. Core: SrSem

CS 105 Intro to Computer Science (2 SH)

A lab-based course designed to tour the modern world of computing, this course introduces the major areas of computer science, including data representation, computer hardware, programming languages, algorithms, operating systems, computer networks, and ethics in computing.

CS 145 Introduction to Programming (2 SH)

This course provides an introduction to the basic concepts of programming, problem-solving, and design techniques using the object-oriented language Python.

CS 155 Programming in Python (2 SH)

Students will apply basic programming concepts with more extensive programs and create a final project of the student's choice in Python. Prerequisite: CS 145 or other programming experience.

CS 245 Programming in Java (2 SH)

Students will apply basic programming concepts, while introducing the Java language. Prerequisite: CS 145 or other programming experience.

CS 255 Intermediate Programming (2 SH)

An introduction to structured object-oriented programming techniques using the Java programming language. Students will write Java programs to implement a variety of algorithms for searching, sorting, and numerical computations. Input/output will use the console and graphical user interface components, text files, and image files. Prerequisite: CS 245 or other Java programming experience.

CS 265 Databases and Information Management (2 SH)

A course in the design and querying of database systems. Topics include design principles, normalization, entityrelationship models, and use of SQL for database access and management. Previous programming experience recommended.

CS 275 Web Applications (2 SH)

A project-based course exploring the design of database-backed interactive web sites and applications. Students will use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and libraries to build the client side along with SQL, PHP, and various back-end technologies to build the corresponding server side of a web site or application. Prerequisites: CE 165 and CS 265.

CS 315 Network Security (2 SH)

This course will cover technologies and systems to learn how to build, manage and protect large and complex networks. Students will understand the emerging technologies and business models of a leading-edge evolving cyber environment. The course content prepares students for relevant certifications in the field. (Spring 2023)

CS 330-335 Topics in Computing (2-4 SH)

The department will offer at least one Topics course each year with the content based on the areas of interest of current students and faculty. The course may be taken for credit repeatedly since the content will vary from year to year. Topics may include: theory of computation, numerical analysis, modeling and simulation, graphics, computer animation, computer vision, advanced algorithmic analysis, cryptography, parallel algorithms, artificial intelligence, robotics, smart phone technology, hypermedia development, language translation systems, and functional programming.

CS 345 Data Structures (2 SH)

Basic data structures are introduced in this course, including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, etc. Students are required to implement various data structures. Prerequisite: CS 255. (Fall 2022)

CS 355 Advanced Data Structures (2 SH)

This course continues the topics covered in CS 345 with data structures such as trees and other graphs. An introduction to basic algorithm analysis and design techniques, including divide-and-conquer and greedy algorithms. Prerequisite: CS 345 and MATH 170. (Spring 2023)

CS 365 System Administration (2 SH)

An overview of the management and maintenance of organizational computing infrastructure including hardware, operating system, network, database and application software. Topics include installation, configuration, routine maintenance tasks, client/server application management, automation, and user support. Prerequisite: CE 165 and CS 265. (Spring 2024) Core: WI

CS 445 Analysis of Algorithms (2 SH)

A more in-depth look at algorithms including dynamic programming, network flow, and an exploration of NP completeness. Prerequisites: CS 355. (Spring 2023) Core: WI

CS 455 Programming Languages (2 SH)

The formal study of programming language design and specification. Design principles are emphasized and evaluated in the context of the historical development of computing languages. Topics include design principles, study of actual languages, the run-time environment, translation, and programming in various programming languages and paradigms. Prerequisite: CS 345. (Fall 2023)

CS 460 Big Data Analysis (4 SH)

Rapid advances in digital sensors, networks, storage, and computation, along with their availability at low cost, are leading to the creation of large data sets. This course provides an introduction to the definitions, principles, and defacto standard and industrial frameworks for handling these large datas. Among the multitude of software platforms, the course will utilize Hadoop, Spark, Pig, and ROOT, and will interact with Python and C++ programming to resolve practical problems and experiment with data-analysis algorithms.

CS 475 Capstone Project (2 SH)

This course provides a platform for senior students to work on a semester-long, team project under the guidance of CS or engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: CE 375.

CS 488 Computer Science Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience gives students an opportunity to gain valuable practical experience. Consulting with the faculty advisor guides them in integrating theory and practice to maximize learning. Travel and other expenses are the student's responsibility. Internship opportunities are available through EMU's Washington Community Scholars' Center and organizations in the Harrisonburg area. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisite: junior or senior status. Core: CL

CS 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in computer science. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: faculty approval. 

ECON 201 Survey of Economics (3 SH)

An introductory economics course to help students understand economic policy and how/ why goods and services are produced, distributed, and consumed. In addition to learning the tools and methods of economic analysis, this course examines the mechanisms, controls, and limits of economic activity in society and the interplay between markets, governments, and nature. Economics is a field and discipline (like sociology or psychology) that tries to explain why people, governments and countries do what they do; consequently, it is an important part of a liberal arts education. This is an introductory economics course for non-economics majors. This course is typically taught in-person during fall semesters and online/asynchronous during the summer term. Core: SB

ECON 211 Principles of Microeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to the forces affecting the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services by households and businesses and their interaction with government. It also examines the strengths and limitations of the market system. Core: SB

ECON 212 Principles of Macroeconomics (3 SH)

An introduction to economics as a way of thinking with a focus on understanding how the economy as a whole functions. Major topics include economic growth, unemployment, and inflation in a mixed market system. Core: SB

ECON 300 Environmental and Ecological Economics (3 SH)

Students will study many of the "gifts of nature" and how these scarce resources are used, and sometimes abused, by human activity. Students will review a wide variety of topics, primarily through the lens of economic analysis, learning the methods and tools necessary to measure resource flow and value. Most ecological issues, however, are inherently interdisciplinary; therefore social, political, scientific, moral, and theological perspectives will also be part of integrated learning. Integrated throughout the course will be filters to discover how markets allocate natural resources, why and how governments intervene in markets on environmental grounds, the appropriateness and effectiveness of public policies in this area, and testing knowledge and learning against benchmarks of overall and global sustainability. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2023)

ECON 311 Contemporary Economic Issues (3 SH)

This course examines the economic aspects of contemporary and controversial issues with social, political, and/or environmental implications. Topics may include deficits and debt, social security, the environment and energy policy, and healthcare, among others. Students will use economic theory, tools, and empirical analysis to identify, compare, and debate policy options that address the many dimensions of these issues while they also refine their own positions and arguments. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212, or consent of the instructor. (Spring 2024) Core: WI

ECON 331 History of Economic Thought (3 SH)

Survey of the various perspectives and writers on the development of economic thought. Examines the historical context from which the various perspectives arose and the role each played in shaping contemporary economic views. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212 or consent of instructor. Core: HI

ECON 341 Intermediate Microeconomics (3 SH)

Intermediate level analysis of supply and demand and the role of the price mechanism in organizing economic activity. Includes an evaluation of efficiency and equity issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211. (Fall 2022)

ECON 342 Intermediate Macroeconomics (3 SH)

Intermediate level analysis of the determinants of national income, output, employment, interest rates and the price level. Examines problems and policies related to unemployment, inflation, growth, and debt within the global economy. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 212. (Fall 2023)

ECON 401 Development Economics (3 SH)

An investigation into the choices of low-income countries that seek development and growth. Explores theories of development and underdevelopment. Tools of economic analysis are applied to development issues. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212. Core: WI

ECON 411 International Economics (3 SH)

A study of the theory and methods of international trade and how trade is financed emphasizing the applied aspects of trade policy. Examines the causes and consequences of free trade and trade barriers, foreign exchange, factor movements, financial markets and instruments, and balance of payments. Prerequisite: ECON 201 or ECON 211 or ECON 212. (BUAD 441)(Spring 2023) Core: CC

ECON 481 Economics Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give economics majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for economics majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship director must approve the internship before it commences. Core: CL

ECON 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ED 101 Exploring Teaching (2 SH)

An exploratory course designed to provide the student a means for self-assessment as a potential teacher. Learning activities include directed observations and participation in school settings, analysis of constructivist theory, growth mindset, reflective teaching, and current issues in education. A 20-hour practicum is included. (1 SH content; 1 SH practicum) Core: CL

ED 221 Professional Field Experience (Early Childhood) (2 SH)

A participatory experience in nursery or preschools. Required reading and seminars. Travel expenses are the student's responsibility. Prerequisite: permission from program director.

ED 235 Curriculum and Organization in Early Education (4 SH)

Surveys elementary school curriculum with an emphasis on the priorities and developmentally appropriate instructional practices of early childhood educators. Introduces the critical skills of daily, weekly, and long-term lesson planning, the integration of the arts into the core curricula, and the importance of school/home/community relationships. Includes a 20-hour practicum in a pre-school setting. Prerequisite or corequisite: ED 101. (3 SH content; 1 SH practicum) Core: WI

ED 245 Learning and Classroom Environments (3 SH)

Focuses on the development of classroom environments that facilitate effective learning for learners. Topics include theories about learning, motivation, creating safe learning environments, positive behavior supports, interventions, and the physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development of learners.

ED 252 Learning and Classroom Environments Professional Field Experience (6-12) (1 SH)

A 40-hour professional field experience that focuses on observations and participatory experiences in grades 6-12. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Corequisite: ED 245. Core: CL

ED 275 Instructional Technology and Assessment (3 SH)

Addresses the design and implementation of technology-enhanced instruction, and the application of technology to assess and monitor learner performance. Topics include principles and practices of effective assessment, the relationship between instruction and assessment, grading systems and practices, and using assessment data to improve instruction and learner performance.

ED 301 Needs of Diverse Learners (3 SH)

Addresses teaching learners with diverse and special needs. Explores student diversity, including, but not limited to, cultural, racial, linguistic, socio-economic, and dis/ability characteristics. Focuses on integrated settings, universal design for learning, differentiation, and collaboration. Pre or corequisite: ED 331, 332, 333 or ED 351.

ED 331 Math in Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Introduces methods of teaching mathematics in grades K-6 with significant attention to planning, instruction and assessment activities which are responsive to the needs of diverse learners. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Participants will be involved in exploration, development and practical applications of inquiry, discovery, directed teaching, use of manipulatives, and other activities designed to prepare them for teaching mathematics in elementary schools. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 332 Science in the Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Active sciencing and teacher resourcefulness are emphasized in planning relevant, meaningful experiences for diverse learners. National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Emphasis is given to the importance of preparing children's learning environments so that science concepts can be taught through inquiry and active participation. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 333 Social Studies in the Elementary School (2 SH)

Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 331, 332, 333 (4 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which provide foundations of curriculum development and implementation. Coursework is integrated with a 60-hour practicum experience in K-6 classrooms with a focus on local, state, and national curriculum standards. Introduces methods of teaching social studies in the elementary school. National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) standards and Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) provide the content framework. Multicultural education is stressed and students design a culturally responsive curriculum unit incorporating social studies facts, concepts and generalizations. Prerequisites: ED 235, ED 245 and a cumulative GPA of 2.5.

ED 341 Language Arts (2 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of reading from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. The practicum provides opportunities to integrate and apply an integrated language arts perspective in a classroom setting. The student is engaged in assessing one child’s literacy development and in planning and implementing an appropriate tutoring program and communicating with parents and caregivers. This course examines appropriate strategies to assist diverse readers in constructing meaning from text and ways to use technology to improve literacy skills. Strategies are developed for organizing and using space, time and materials to promote the development of a literate environment. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education. 

ED 342 Reading/ Diagnostic Reading (3 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of reading from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. The practicum provides opportunities to integrate and apply an integrated language arts perspective in a classroom setting. The student is engaged in assessing one child’s literacy development and in planning and implementing an appropriate tutoring program and communicating with parents and caregivers.  The course examines language acquisition through the areas of phonetics, semantics, syntax, morphology, phonology, and pragmatics. Students utilize various diagnostic tools to: construct and use affective measures of literacy behavior, administer running records of leveled text, administer a reading inventory to assess developmental word knowledge, phonemic awareness, phonics and vocabulary, rate, fluency, oral reading accuracy, and oral and silent comprehension. Results from diagnostic assessments are used to design appropriate reading instruction for diverse learners. Identification of the developmental stages of written word knowledge is emphasized. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education.  Core: CL

ED 343 Content Area Reading and Writing (2 SH)

Literacy Block is comprised of ED 341, 342, 343 (5 SH content; 2 SH practicum) which is designed for students who plan to teach in PreK-6. The 7-hour block of courses with a 60-hour practicum explores the development of spoken and written language and traces the development of reading from birth through pre-adolescence. Understanding the social and cultural contexts for language learning both at home and at school and knowing the cognitive and psychological factors that exist at various stages of development form the basis for planning the curriculum at school. The practicum provides opportunities to integrate and apply an integrated language arts perspective in a classroom setting. The student is engaged in assessing one child’s literacy development and in planning and implementing an appropriate tutoring program and communicating with parents and caregivers.  This course focuses on processes of reading and writing with the Virginia English Standards of Learning as the framework for instruction. Strategies involving reading and writing across all content areas are demonstrated, explored, and practiced to meet diverse learner needs. Vocabulary development, writing skills and assessment strategies for socially just teaching are emphasized. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education. 

ED 351 General Curriculum and Methods for Middle and Secondary Teaching (1 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, 385. Focuses on general curriculum and instructional methods, pedagogy, and procedures related to teaching in the 6-12 grade levels. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education.

ED 361 Secondary Methods Professional Field Experience (1 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, and 385. A 60-hour professional field experience in an area high school. Consists of assignments arranged to provide for breadth of experience within the scope of the candidate's content area. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education. Corequisite: ED 351, ED 385.

ED 385 Content Area Methods for Middle and Secondary Teaching (2 SH)

Middle and Secondary Curriculum Block is comprised of ED 351, 361, and 385. Focuses on curriculum and instructional methods for middle/secondary endorsements specific to the content areas of biology, chemistry, computer science, English, history and social science, mathematics, English as a second language, and health. Prerequisites: ED 245 and admission to teacher education. Corequisites: ED 351, ED 361.

ED 395 Reading and Writing in the Content Area (3 SH)

Focuses on processes of language acquisition and reading and writing within the secondary content area. Explores reading and writing within the Virginia English Standards of Learning and a variety of fiction and nonfiction texts that promote literacy in the content areas. Emphasis is placed on understanding reading development, phonemic and phonological awareness, vocabulary development, comprehension strategies, spelling development, and the writing process. Includes a 20-hour practicum in a middle school setting. (2 SH content; 1 SH practicum).

ED 401 Examining Foundations of Education (2 SH)

Examines issues facing American education today. Utilizing a framework that reflects on the historical, philosophical, and sociological foundations, students analyze, synthesize and evaluate issues underlying the role, development, and organization of public education in the United States. Topics include the legal status of teachers and students, professionalism and ethical standards, governance of schools, state assessment and accountability systems, including legal and ethical aspects of assessment. Prerequisite: Admission to teacher education. Core: WI

ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar and Portfolio (1 SH)

Promotes reflective practice on pertinent aspects of the student teaching experience, with particular attention given to the impact on student learning. Addresses professional standards of the teaching profession, including the Virginia child abuse and neglect recognition and intervention training. An capstone electronic portfolio is required. Taken concurrently with student teaching.

ED 421 Student Teaching I-PreK-3 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 422 Student Teaching II-PreK-3 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 423 Student Teaching II-4-6 (7 SH)

Designed for prospective early/primary education (PreK-3) and elementary education (PreK-6) teachers. Three integrated components comprise this experience: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the supervised teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week placements at two different grade levels and daily classroom teaching responsibilities under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 451 Middle School Student Teaching (7 SH)

Consisting of three integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven-week blocks of actual classroom experience at both middle and high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 452 High School Student Teaching (7 SH)

Consisting of three integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven-week blocks of actual classroom experience at both middle and high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 461 Elementary School Student Teaching (PreK-6) (7 SH)

A full semester program for art, English as a second language, health and physical education, foreign language, and music majors consisting of integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week blocks of classroom experience at both elementary and middle or high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 462 Middle/High School Student Teaching (6-12) (7 SH)

A full semester program for art, English as a second language, health and physical education, foreign language, and music majors consisting of integrated components: (1) Orientation and participatory experiences during the opening week of school, to be fulfilled in the setting where the student will later complete the student teaching assignment; (2) Two seven- week blocks of classroom experience at both elementary and middle or high school levels under the supervision of a cooperating teacher, including observation, reflection, planning, implementation, evaluation, and conferencing; (3) ED 411 Reflective Teaching Seminar. Spring semester student teachers are required to take orientation and participational experiences during the opening week of school in the fall. Prerequisite: Admission to student teaching.

ED 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

EDS 371 Assessment, Evaluation and Planning in Special Education (3 SH)

This course provides students with an understanding of the foundation of assessment and evaluation related to best practice in special education, including types and characteristics of assessment, introduction to formal and informal assessment, and use of assessments and other information to determine special education eligibility, service delivery, curriculum, and instruction of students with disabilities. The course also includes the application of current legal and ethical issues related to assessment selection and use, including comprehensive evaluation requirements, students with disabilities participation in the state and local accountability systems, assessment options, appropriate grading and testing accommodations, and assessment of students from diverse backgrounds. Prerequisites: ED 301. (Spring 2023)

EDS 375 IEP Development and Implementation (3 SH)

This course is designed to provide a working knowledge of the eligibility process, legal, and regulatory requirements of IEP(Individualized Education Program) development including timelines, components, team composition, roles, and responsibilities. The student will develop skills to apply knowledge of assessment and evaluation throughout the K-12 grade levels to construct, use, and interpret a variety of standardized and nonstandardized data collection techniques; to make decisions about student progress, instructional, program, goal development, accommodations, placement, and teaching methodology for students with disabilities who are accessing the general education curriculum and the Virginia Standards of Learning. The student will be able to demonstrate the use of assessment, evaluation, and other information to develop and implement individual educational planning and group instruction with students with disabilities who are accessing the general education curriculum across the K-12 grade levels. Prerequisite: ED 301. (Fall 2023)

EDS 381 Special Education Professional Field Experience (2 SH)

This professional field experience is designed to give students teaching experience in a concentrated 2 1/2-week (6-8 hours a day) placement in a full time educational setting that provides services for students with disabilities accessing the general curriculum in a public or accredited nonpublic school. The course allows students to experience the demands and changing nature of the learning environment from their morning arrival to the end of the work day. Offered summers only

EDS 401 Supporting Positive Classroom Behavior (2 SH)

This course focuses on techniques used to support behavior change in children with disabilities. Systematic, peaceable classroom interventions are presented and students will learn strategies to prevent inappropriate behavior from occurring or escalating. Students are required to demonstrate various classroom behavior management strategies in the classroom and/or in simulations. Offered in alternate years

EDS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ENGL 201 Global Literatures I-Beginnings (2 SH)

This course introduces students to select works foundational to literary traditions from around the world. It gives students a chance to explore what ancient cultures felt about the gods, gender roles, nature, and war, inviting students to listen for ways these works, as Homer prayed, "sing for our time, too." Offered occasionally. Core: CC, LI

ENGL 202 Global Literatures II-1300-1650 (2 SH)

Global Literatures II exposes the student to major trends in literature through the early modern period, an era of aggressive European expansionism. Although it foregrounds developments in Anglophone literature this course will also consider innovations in other literary traditions, both Western and non-Western. Offered occasionally. Core: CC, LI

ENGL 203 Global Literatures III-1650-1800 (2 SH)

This course explores a selection of poetry, drama, fiction, and prose non-fiction from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Although the course focuses in particular on the Anglophone tradition, readings take into account the increasing frequency of cross-cultural encounter in the modern era and celebrate the contributions of writers from around the globe. A thematic link among texts will be journeys to enlightenment. (Spring 2023) Core: CC, LI

ENGL 204 Global Literatures IV-1800-Present (2 SH)

This course considers realist, modernist, post-modernist and post-independence poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction. While the course focuses on the Anglophone tradition, readings will show the emergence of a global literary marketplace in the twentieth century and celebrate the contributions of various ethnic and minority writers. Students may not take both ENGL 204 and LIT 230. (Spring 2023) Core: CC, LI

ENGL 210 Reading Fiction (2 SH)

Exploring a mix of older and recent novels and short stories, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from fiction. (Fall 2024) Core: LI

ENGL 250 Reading Poetry (2 SH)

Focusing mainly on the work of contemporary poets, this course will equip students with the skills they need to enjoy, be surprised by, and learn from poetry. (Spring 2024) Core: LI

ENGL 290-295 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These general interest courses may focus on work by a particular author or set of authors, a particular genre such as  drama or the short story, or important issues in critical theory. Core: LI

ENGL 290 Topics in English-Recovery and Resilience (2 SH)

This seven-week course focusing on themes of recovery and resilience will help students establish and refine skills in reading, analyzing, and applying insights from fiction. In one of each week's two seventy-five-minute class meetings, students will discuss selected short stories by contemporary writer Ron Rash with residents of an addiction recovery program. In the second weekly class, students will gather in a more conventional classroom setting to engage Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment. Graded assignments will include a reading and community-learning reflection journal, two short explication essays, and a final exam. (Fall 2022) Core: CL, LI

ENGL 312 Ecology and Science Fiction (3 SH)

How do utopic and dystopic visions of the future of our planet affect the way we live in the world? How do these narratives shape our approach to environmental problems today? Core: LI

ENGL 315 Global Conflicts, Global Novels (3 SH)

In this class, students will read five novels about five different regional conflicts happening in the world today, roughly one from each continent. The goal of the course will be to explore how far the arts of novel-writing and novel-reading overlap with the arts of conflict transformation. (Spring 2023)  Core: LI

ENGL 344 Ways of War and Peace (3 SH)

This course examines the tensions conflicting allegiances to faith and country may pose by focusing on literature from World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam conflict. A survey of Catholic, Protestant, and Anabaptist theological approaches to peacemaking will provide a framework for the course. In addition to keeping reading response journals and delivering oral presentations, each student will prepare transcribed oral histories with a military veteran or conscientious objector. (Spring 2024) Core: CL, LI

ENGL 346 Rooms of Their Own (3 SH)

This course considers a selection of British literary works through the lens of Virginia Woolf's cultural critique in A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas. As we apply that critique to her own fiction as well as texts by her foremothers Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte and contemporaries H.D. and Dorothy L. Sayers, we will consider the degree to which her diagnosis remains relevant today, particularly within an Anabaptist Christian perspective. The course also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. (Spring 2023)  Core: LI

ENGL 348 American Manhood (3 SH)

This course explores conceptions of manhood in US literature since the nation's establishment, featuring texts by writers of diverse ethnic backgrounds, including Thomas Jefferson, Samson Occom, Frederick Douglass, Langston Hughes, Lorraine Hansberry, Khaled Hosseini, Gene Luen Yang, and Martin Espada. It also focuses on the relationship of selected literary works to the representation and construction of gender roles in the cultures from which they emerge. We will consider writers' articulations of their experiences within their social and ideological contexts, as well as the material conditions under which they write. A community-learning (CL) designate course, "American Manhood" challenges students to be involved in community settings that relate to course subject matter. Expectations include engagement in critical analysis of community issues and synthesis of classroom-based knowledge and personal experience. (Spring 2024) Core: CL, LI

ENGL 350 Children's Literature (3 SH)

This course explores all types of literature for children. The characteristics and history of various types of literature are studied, along with strategies for involving children in every genre. Special attention is given to the study of multiethnic literature. Open to sophomores and above. Core: LI

ENGL 355 Young Adult Literature (3 SH)

This course concentrates on literature written for and by young adult (YA) readers. While relying on works typically classified as young adult literature, the course will also look at literary "classics" found within the curriculum for middle, junior, and senior high classrooms. Students will explore YA literature in different genres addressing current issues for young adults. Models of literary criticism employed within the study of these works will center on reader response theory. (Fall 2022) Core: LI

ENGL 390-395 Topics in Literature (2-3 SH)

These courses will focus on particularly long or difficult works of literature, work by a particular author or set of authors, or a new, emerging trend in literature or literary studies. Core: LI

ENGL 390 Topics in Literature-Asian American Poetry (3 SH)

In this literature course, students will focus on the voices of Asian American poets as well as works of Asian and Pacific Islander poets in translation. Offered occasionally Core: LI

ENGL 391 Topics in Literature-Bibliotherapy (2 SH)

This seven-week course will introduce and provide practice in therapeutic reading for clinical settings. Course content will include academic essays on bibliotherapy's principles and best practices as well as appropriate selections in fiction, prose non-fiction, and poetry. The student cohort will meet weekly with the course instructor to discuss readings and the field experiences at the Virginia Mennonite Retirement Community. Graded assignments will include a protocols test, a reflection journal, a class presentation, and mid-course and final reflection essays. (Fall 2022) Core: CL, LI

ENGL 392 Topics in Literature-The Traumatized U.S. South (3 SH)

Drawing from the work of Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart, Carolyn Yoder has defined historical trauma as “the cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations emanating from massive group trauma.” The effects of historical trauma can last for generations, she explains, “even when the next generation is not told the trauma story, or knows it only in broad outline. A ‘conspiracy of silence’ surrounds events for which grieving and mourning have never taken place” (Trauma Healing 13-14). Literary Treatments of the Traumatized US South will use Yoder’s book as a lens for examining the work of several influential fiction-writers to address our country’s most traumagenic events: mass enslavement and a resulting Civil War. This honors course will follow the graduate seminar model as we explore this question, featuring presentations by and discussion among all participants. Each class member will also write and deliver an eight-page presentation-length paper at the ACE Festival; anyone seeking a writing-intensive course credit may develop that project into a fifteen to twenty-page scholarly article appropriate to submit as a graduate-school admission writing sample. (Honors Colloquium)(Spring 2023) Core: CL, LI

ENGL 393 Topics in Literature-Ursula K. Le Guin (2 SH)

One of the most celebrated and influential fantasy and science fiction writers of all time, Le Guin taught a generation of readers (and writers) how to pay attention to the boundaries of their imagined worlds and catch, at the same time, what might be happening on the other side. A Wizard of Earthsea (1968) tells the story of a young magician finding his way at wizarding school. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969) tells the story of an ambassador from earth sent to a distant planet of androgynous human beings who for a few days every month naturally change to male or female. The Dispossessed (1974) tells the story of another earth-like planet imperfectly but peacefully organized by anarachic principles. We’ll read these three novels by Le Guin, some of her essays and short stories, watch a recent documentary of her life, and listen to a few interviews with Le Guin and people inspired by her work. Graded assignments will include a five-page creative nonfiction essay. Offered occasionally Core: CL, LI

ENGL 470 English Internship (1-3 SH)

The professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both job-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis.  Core: CL

ENGL 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

ENGR 110 Introduction to Engineering and Design (4 SH)

An introduction to the design process of an engineering project. The focus will be on different design aspects of an engineering project: defining the design problem, developing a project statement, generating and evaluating ideas and specifications, leading and managing the process, and communicating the outcomes. The design emphasis facilitates students' development of creative and innovation skills, utilizes state-of-the-art technologies, and allows them to experience fields of engineering such as mechanical, electrical, computer, environmental, etc.

ENGR 156 Math for Engineering Lab (2 SH)

The goal of this lab course is to examine mathematical applications in engineering. Matlab will be introduced and used in solving these problems. The labs cover linear, quadratic, and systems of equations with circuits; trigonometry and vectors with robot arms; sinusoids with circuits and function generators; derivatives with free-fall motion; integrals with work of springs; and differential equations with dynamic mechanical systems. ENGR 245 Experimental Methods (2 SH) This course will cover methods for engineering measurements including design of experiments, data analysis including error and uncertainty, introduction to signal analysis, data acquisition and sampling, and general measurement system behavior. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185. (Fall 2023)

ENGR 265 Analog Circuits (4 SH)

An introduction to the design of analog circuits, with an emphasis on hands-on implementation in laboratory exercises in addition to mathematical analysis. The course covers essential circuit components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, and op-amps. A variety of passive and active circuits are studied, including filters, integrators, comparators, and amplifiers. Projects include building an AM radio, a homemade op-amp, and PID motor control. Prerequisite: MATH 154 or MATH 185. (Fall 2022)

ENGR 270 Engineering Statics (3 SH)

A problem-solving based approach to the study of the theory and applications of engineering statics. Students will gain expertise in the areas of free-body diagrams, vector mechanics, and equilibrium, and will apply the principles of equilibrium to structural analysis and the analyses of internal and frictional forces. Prerequisites: MATH 185, PHYS 252.

ENGR 280 Engineering Dynamics (3 SH)

Dynamics is the study of accelerated motion of a body through two perspectives, kinematics (geometric aspects of the motion) and kinetics (forces causing the motion). Kinematics and kinetics of particles and rigid bodies will be examined using methods of force and acceleration, work and energy, and impulse and momentum. Prerequisite: ENGR 270. (Fall 2022)

ENGR 291 Engineering Design II (2 SH)

This project-based course will continue using engineering design methods first introduced in ENGR 110. Topics include reverse engineering, tolerances and optimization, design within constraints, and robust design. Prerequisite: ENGR 110.

ENGR 325 Engineering Ethics (2 SH)

This course focuses on the concepts and practice of ethics in engineering, computer science, and technological contexts, often through the lens of real-world case studies. Topics include professional codes of ethics, broader ethical theories, impact analysis, the environment, privacy, risk, and other current issues. The interplay among faith, career, and engineering will also be explored in detail. Modes of writing will include both personal reflection and technical analysis. (Spring 2024) Core: WI

ENGR 330-335 Topics in Engineering (2-4 SH)

The content of this course is determined by the special interest of the faculty and students. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.

ENGR 340 Engineering Thermodynamics (3 SH)

A survey course on principles and applications of engineering thermodynamics. Topics include First and Second Laws, thermodynamic properties, energy cycles, control volumes, entropy, and efficiency. Applications include refrigeration and heat pumps, nozzles and diffusers, turbines, compressors, pumps, engines, power generation, psychrometrics, and combustion. Prerequisites: MATH 286 Vector Calculus, PHYS 262 University Physics II Lecture, and CHEM 223 General Chemistry I, or permission of instructor. (Fall 2022)

ENGR 350 Fluid Mechanics (4 SH)

An introduction to the concepts of fluid mechanics, including a laboratory component. Topics include hydrostatics; fluid kinematics; conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy; the Bernoulli equation; potential flows, and similitude. Prerequisites: MATH 310, PHYS 252. (Spring 2024)

ENGR 370 Strength of Materials (4 SH)

The behavior of materials and solid structures under a variety of load conditions will be studied in this course. Students will learn equilibrium, stress – strain response, and strain – displacement relations and apply them to solids analysis. Topics such as materials stretch, bend, twist, etc., the stress – strain response of different materials, the stress within externally loaded bodies, and beam theory with applications to beam deflections and design will be covered. Prerequisites: ENGR 270, MATH 195. (Fall 2023)

ENGR 380 Systems (4 SH)

This course introduces modeling and analysis of dynamical systems that include mechanical, electrical, fluid, and thermal systems. Both input-output and state-space models will be introduced. System analyses in the time domain, as well as the frequency domain, will be presented. This course presents fundamental materials in engineering practice across many disciplines. Prerequisites: ENGR 270, MATH 310.

ENGR 390 Engineering Design III (2 SH)

In this design course, students follow the engineering design process with emphasis on thinking through the challenges that arise when moving from problem definition to product delivery, on interdisciplinary collaboration, and on team dynamics negotiation. Teams work closely with clients as they move through conceptual, preliminary, and final designs. The project results in useful products. When the final product is delivered, the teams will also produce a technical report detailing design alternatives, optimization methodology, problems encountered, and solution summary. Prerequisite: ENGR 291.

ENGR 480 Control Systems (3 SH)

This course introduces analysis and design of control systems. Differential equations and transfer functions will be used for modeling of dynamical systems. Stability, tracking, regulation, and sensitivity will be discussed for both open-loop and close-loop structures. The proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) control will be introduced. Root locus, frequency response, and state-variable feedback methods will be presented for feedback control design. Prerequisites: ENGR 380. (Fall 2022)

ENGR 490 Senior Design (2 SH)

This course provides a platform for senior students to work on extensive, year-long, team projects under the guidance of engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: ENGR 390. ENGR 491 Capstone Project (2 SH) This course provides a platform for senior students to work on extensive, year-long, team projects under the guidance of engineering faculty mentors. Prerequisite: ENGR 490. Core: WI

ENGR 499 Independent Study/Research (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in engineering. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Must obtain faculty approval before scheduling this course. 

ENVS 135 Earth Science (2 SH)

An introductory geology course focusing on the study of the planet earth, including the processes by which we have synthesized the data and theories describing our planet. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core: NS

ENVS 145 Environmental Science (2 SH)

Survey of the human impact on natural and cultural ecosystems, including the processes by which the scientific data are collected and analyzed and theories describing our environmental impact formed. Focuses on problems associated with human population growth; the use of energy and other natural resources; and water, air and solid-waste pollution. Also presents interdisciplinary techniques for investigating and solving some of these problems. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core: NS

ENVS 181 Environmental Science (3 SH)

Survey of the human impact on natural and cultural ecosystems. Focuses on problems associated with population growth; the use of energy and other natural resources; and water, air and solid-waste pollution. Also attempts to present interdisciplinary techniques for solving some of these problems.  Offered through Lancaster

ENVS 205 Environmental Application of GIS (3 SH)

This course introduces Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with an emphasis on their role in environmental and conservation practices. Students first learn basic GIS skills in ESRI's ArcGIS 10.3 software and then conduct an independent research project using GIS techniques. Projects may include but are not limited to local natural resource or landscape issues. Independent projects require an oral and poster presentation. Required for students in the environmental science track of the environmental sustainability major. (Spring 2024)

ENVS 235 Sustainable Food Systems (2 SH)

This course explores questions of sustainability in global food systems. Agricultural, food transportation, food storage, and food processing and production systems are compared with regard to energy-use relative to nutrient-production efficiency, as well as social, cultural and economic sustainability aspects of food systems including international food commodity trade and food trade policy, food islands, farm-to-table restaurants, and small local organic production. This course meets for 7 weeks. Core Natural Science designate. Prerequisite: BIOL 173, SOC 245 or instructor approval. (Fall 2023) Core: NS

ENVS 325 Environmental Ethics (2 SH)

Different ethical theories concerning the environment will be articulated, with a focus on Anabaptist theological perspectives, and the role of ethics in civic society. Ethical perspectives are examined through their application to contemporary issues in sustainability. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Spring 2023)

ENVS 335 Soil Science (2 SH)

This course is an introduction to the fundamental concepts of soil science, including soil genesis, classification and morphology, physics, chemistry, and hydrology. Particular emphasis is placed on soil maintenance and improvement for sustainable food production and mitigation of environmental problems. The course involves several short hands-on lab and field activities. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: CHEM 223 and an annual safety training outside of class. Offered occasionally.

ENVS 365 Environmental Risk and Policy (2 SH)

This course addresses principles of risk assessment, perception and management, using issues in environmental contaminants as a frame. Examines how people individually and as a society perceive risk, and how risk is dealt with through policy options. This course meets for 7 weeks. Prerequisite: BIOL 173. (Spring 2023)

ENVS 372 Toxicology for Public Health (2 SH)

This course examines the basic principles of toxicology and the effects of chemicals on human health and is designed for students in public health and the environmental sciences. Topics include exposure routes and mechanisms; dose/ response relationships; toxicity testing, disposition in the body; modifiers of response; chemicals and cancer; birth defects; exposures in the home, workplace, and environment; and introductions to regulatory and food toxicology.  The course also considers how society responds to these threats to human and ecosystem health, emphasizing the interconnectedness of the chemical/physical, the biological, and the social aspects of environmental science.  The overall objective of this course is to provide the student with an introduction to the language and principles of toxicology such that these principles may be applied to public health situations, efforts to improve sustainability and reduce toxin use, and be communicated to the general public. Prerequisite: BIOL 173 and CHEM 223 (BMS 557) (Spring 2024)

ENVS 379 Techniques in Environmental Monitoring (1 SH)

This lab and field based course provides training in techniques related to an environmental monitoring effort, equipping students with specific skills to prepare them for a career in environmental, chemical or ecology monitoring. Specific techniques vary depending on instructor and may focus on water, air, or soil quality. Past and potential topics include stream macroinvertebrate collection and identification as a biomonitoring technique to measure water quality. This course does not satisfy any EMU Core requirements. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class. (Fall 2022)

ENVS 385 Conservation Biology (4 SH)

A study of global biodiversity, its importance, and the environmental, social and economic factors that affect it. Current threats to biodiversity, including species extinction, habitat degradation, invasive species, and over exploitation of natural environments are examined. The class also focuses on efforts to manage and maintain biodiversity, including how human development, culture and social systems impact conservation efforts. Laboratory work will emphasize population ecology and animal and plant survey techniques as well ecological and economic modeling used to make management decisions. Prerequisite: an annual safety training outside of class and BIOL 235 or instructor permission. (Fall 2023)

ENVS 429 Environmental Sustainability Internship (3 SH)

This course serves as a practical application of environmental principles and knowledge within a specific discipline of interest and as a way of gaining experience outside of EMU in an area of concentration. The internship will vary with a student's particular interest but typically involves either working on a research project or participating in an internship at an appropriate organization (e.g. environmental consulting firm, government agencies, conservation organization, agricultural research center or farm utilizing alternative/sustainable methods). Open to junior or senior level environmental science majors only. Core: CL

ENVS 430 Environmental Sustainability Capstone (2 SH)

An integrative capstone for all majors in environmental sustainability. A cohort of students apply their learning in the areas of natural sciences and social sciences to an environmental issue that has multidisciplinary components. Processing and reflection occur through weekly meetings with faculty and peers. Students write a substantial thesis centered on the environmental issue chosen. Seniors from related majors may participate with permission of instructor. Core: WI

ENVS 465 Topics in Advanced Ecology (2 SH)

An advanced ecology course emphasizing a distinct branch of ecology and/or an investigative field technique. Specific foci vary from year to year depending on instructor. Past course have focused on forestry, restoration ecology, and animal population survey techniques. The course includes significant field work as well as an introduction to ecological research design and data analysis. Prerequisites: BIOL 235 and an annual safety training outside of class. This course meets for 7 weeks. (Fall 2022)

ENVS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

FIN 289 Personal Finance and Investing (1 SH)

Introductory to advanced levels, students will learn about personal investing within the broad context of personal finance and stewardship of money resources. Students with little to no background will start with the basics, while more advanced students work independently on instructor-guided projects at their unique level of understanding and interest. This course may be taken up to two times for credit, and more with audit. While this course is open to students of all majors and levels, it is especially encouraged for juniors and seniors as paration for their next phase of life and career. This course is typically taught in-person fall and spring semesters and online/asynchronous during the summer term.

FIN 440 Financial Management (3 SH)

An introductory course in the theory and practice of corporate financial management. Topics covered include the role and function of financial markets, interest rates, time value of money, valuation of financial assets, capital budgeting analysis, cost of capital, risk and return, capital structure decision, dividends and working capital management. Prerequisites: ACTG 221, EMU Core MATH requirement completed, and admission to the program. (except non-program students pursuing the Finance career concentration).

FIN 481 Finance Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate theory and practice and expose students to the work and purpose of finance. Frequent consultation with - and assignments to - the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken any term, including summer. Grading is pass/fail. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing, admission to the program (except non-program students pursuing the Finance career concentration), and a program GPA of at least 2.70. The Internship Coordinator must approve internships before they commence. Core: CL

GEOG 231 Cultural Geography (3 SH)

A study of the spatial aspects of culture with a focus on cultural characteristics, demographics, migration, landscape analysis, economic development, political geography, and urban and rural land uses. Includes the use of maps and an introduction to geospatial technologies.  Core: CC

GS 101 Introduction to Global Studies (2 SH)

This course prepares students to think critically and reflectively about issues of globalization, take a global view of contemporary issues across states, societies, and cultures, and consider their own place in a global context. Significant attention is given to peacebuilding and to social, political, economic, and ecological justice explored within the larger context of globalization. Core: CC

HCML 101 International Class/Disease Coding I (3 SH)

The course will provide an introduction to how coding and billing in healthcare settings. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be introduced and used by the student. Offered through Lancaster HCML 111 International Class/Disease Coding II (3 SH) The course will provide more challenging patient situations that the student will code. The student will be introduced to challenging charts and peer review by others. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be used by the student. Prerequisite: HCML 101. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 120 Processes in Healthcare Information (3 SH)

The student will gain an understanding of health record keeping, retention, storage and design of necessary forms. Computer hardware and software are explored in relation to healthcare information. The course will focus on electronic medical records.  Offered through Lancaster

HCML 121 Procedural Terminology Coding (3 SH)

The course will provide procedural charts that the student will code. The ICD-10-CM and CPT 2021 will be used by the student. Prerequisite: HCML 121. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 130 Overview of the Human Body (4 SH)

This course will equip the student with basic knowledge and understanding of the basic organization, structure and function of the human body. The student identifies anatomy and explains physiology of the human body through comparative vertebrate observation and analysis.  Offered through Lancaster

HCML 131 Health Insurance and Reimbursement (3 SH)

The student will explore payment and reimbursement methods in the US healthcare system. Students will examine forms, practices and processes and the role of the healthcare information specialist and the need for accurate data exchange. Prerequisites: HCML 101, HCML 111. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 140 Systems and Education in Healthcare-Healthcare Management I (3 SH)

This course will equip the student with a knowledge of future health leaders, managers, and administrators to an understanding of the U.S. healthcare system. The student will become equipped to teach staff, clients, family, and the community regarding healthcare needs. Prerequisite: WRIT 135, BIO 209. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 141 Experiential Learning I (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access, and participate in 30 hours of observation.  Offered through Lancaster HCML 220 Healthcare Policy (3 SH) The student will be equipped with knowledge of the social, political, and economic context of US healthcare and the distribution of medical care, pharmaceuticals, public and private insurers and managed care organizations. Policies as well as basic economics will be discussed as well as policies addressing healthcare disparities. Prerequisites: HCML 131, HCML 240. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 240 Disparities in Healthcare (3 SH)

Using evidence-based research, the student will form critical analysis of the US healthcare system as compared to other world-wide healthcare systems. Power differentials and healthcare disparities will be addressed. The student will develop a proposal for a new healthcare system addressing power differentials and disparities discovered. Prerequisite: HCML 140. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 241 Experiential Learning II (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access and participate in 30 hours of observation and hands-on experience using skills used in prior courses. Prerequisite: HCML 141. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 260 Healthcare Practicum I (3 SH)

The student will apply leadership/management techniques while developing knowledge of healthcare disparities, resources, needs and programs within the community healthcare organization chosen by the student. 45 hours of volunteering may commence and continue through HCML 260. Focus will be on choosing a management/leadership style and approach and apply it to managing primary, secondary, and tertiary care. Prerequisite: HCML 340. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 320 Ethics and Legal Issues in Healthcare (3 SH)

The student will investigate legal and ethical issues facing healthcare professionals, including racial issues and legalities regarding underserved populations. Students will explore the basics of healthcare ethics and review ethical situations. Students will gain a working knowledge of various theories of healthcare law and ethics with a focus on diversity, equity and inclusion. Prerequisite: HCML 220. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 340 Community Healthcare Management (3 SH)

This course will equip the student with knowledge of the concepts and methods of healthcare management in the community. The student will develop programs for health improvement and community assessment. Healthy People 2020 topics will be discussed and used as a guide to determine healthcare deficits and advantages within the student’s chosen community. Prerequisites: HCML 240, HCML 320.  Offered through Lancaster

HCML 341 Experiential Learning III (1 SH)

This course will equip the student with experience in the healthcare field. The student will research, gain access and participate in 30 hours of observation and continued hands-on experience using skills used in prior courses. Prerequisite: HCML 241. Offered through Lancaster

HCML 360 Healthcare Practicum II (3 SH)

The student will complete 45 volunteer hours at the setting chosen in HCML 260.  The student’s focus will be on determining how the health setting benefits the community and how it is managed, which includes personal, financial issues, and client/community interaction with staff. Prerequisite: HCML 260. Offered through Lancaster

HE 201 First Aid (1 SH)

Principles of administering first aid and adult CPR in all aspects to victims of accidents and sudden illnesses are covered. WFA, AWFA, WEMT, WFR, EMT-B, or Red Cross standard first aid (all with CPR credential) will satisfy.

HE 202 Health and Safety (2 SH)

This survey course examines general health and safety issues. As a state requirement for education licensure, the course content includes not only general information but also signs and symptoms of various disease states and possible means of intervention. Students are encouraged to evaluate their lifestyles to determine where modification would be beneficial. Fulfills Life Wellness credit for selected education students. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course. Prerequisite or corequisite: WRIT 130 or WRIT 140.

HE 260 Teaching, Ministry, and Healthy Sexuality (3 SH)

This course explores the meaning and purpose of human sexuality from a theological perspective. It is designed to meet curriculum requirements for Health and Physical Education, Education, Bible and Religion majors, and to serve other students whose career interests include working with youth. It will prepare students to teach/lead/minister with youth and young adults on sexuality-related questions, including learning how to avoid and prevent sexual harassment and abuse. Sophomore standing required for enrollment. (CHST 260)

HE 301 Athletic Training (2 SH)

This course provides instruction in basic procedures for prevention, maintenance and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. Provides laboratory experience in taping, wrapping and usage of various modalities. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 OR BIOL 437.

HIST 101 U.S. History I-Race and Reason (to 1860) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that highlights major events in Virginia history and politics, the American Revolution, the development of the U.S. and Virginia Constitutions, and the role of religion and culture, while providing a general overview of how the U.S. became a nation-state. Topics include: the creation and tragedy of race-based slavery, the emergence of a capitalist economy, the battle for women's rights, and the impact of immigration and urbanization. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills. Core: HI

HIST 102 U.S. History II-Mechanization and Modernization (1860-1918) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that focuses on the change and tension created by the rapid expansion of industrial innovation and capitalism that drove the mechanization and modernization of America from the Civil War through the Great Depression. Topics include: the Civil War, Reconstruction, Western expansion, Imperialism, Progressivism, race and gender reforms, mass immigration and urbanization, fundamentalism, WWI, and the boom and collapse of the U.S. economy. This course is highly recommended for first-year students as it helps develop study and success skills. Core: HI

HIST 103 U.S. History III-Power and Paradox (1918-present) (2 SH)

A lecture-based survey of U.S. history that addresses the contradictions and complications of America's rise to global superpower following WWII. Topics include: WWII, consumer culture, suburbanization, the Cold War, Civil Rights, Vietnam, the New World Order, 9/11 and the embrace of and backlash against the expansion of rights, expectations, and what it means to be American. This course is recommended to all students wanting a better general understanding of contemporary American culture, politics, and society. Students may not take both HIST 103 and HIST 132. Core: HI

HIST 121 Global Past I-Civilization (to 1400) (2 SH)

This course will provide a broad overview of world societies and civilizations and the increasing connection among them from the beginning of human experience to the fifteenth-century. With a "Big History" approach as our background, the course will cover the political, philosophical, and cultural legacies of ancient American, Asian, African, and European civilizations, including the rise of major world religions. Core: CC, HI

HIST 122 Global Past II-Modernization (post-1400) (2 SH)

This course takes a global history approach that seeks, as much as possible, to avoid a Eurocentric view, even as we explore the effects Western modernization has had on the world. A major focus will be attempting to explain why, how and when the imbalance of wealth and power among regions of the world developed. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182. Core: CC, HI

HIST 123-126 Global Past III-Comparative Themes (2 SH)

This course will use a comparative, in-depth approach to explore one theme in world history. The learning style will be careful reading of primary and secondary sources, memoirs and/or fiction, processed by class discussion and writing. Occasional lectures and films will provide context. The course schedule will list the specific theme for the semester, such as Epics or Revolutions. Previous background in world history strongly encouraged (such as HIST 121 and/or 122).  Core: CC, HI

HIST 132 U.S. History II-1865 to Present (3 SH)

A survey of U.S. history that addresses the changing role of the United States in the world along with significant social, economic and political changes within the U.S. Topics include: Reconstruction, Industrialization, urbanization and immigration, WWI, economic boom and collapse, WWII, the Cold War, Korean and Vietnam wars, Civil Rights movement, consumer culture, demographic shifts, and post-9/11 America. This course is recommended to all students wanting a better general understanding of modern American culture, politics, and society. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both HIST 103 and HIST 132.

HIST 182 Global Past II-1500 to the Present (3 SH)

This course will cover a broad overview of the history of the world from circa 1450 to the present by looking at major developments and points of contact between Asia, Latin America, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The main themes will revolve around revolutions and their influence on the fall and rise of empires within a globalizing world. We will examine the appeal and shortcoming of Liberalism, Communism, Fascism, and Islamism, and contemplate the tensions between liberty and order;liberty and equality, individualism and common welfare; and idealism and reality. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both HIST 122 and HIST 182. Core: HI

HIST 222 African American History (3 SH)

A narrative history of the African American experience, driven by the study of African American literature and culture. Beginning with the development of race-based slavery and ending with current issues of blackness and whiteness, this course will trace the changing history of what it has meant to be "black" in the context of "white" America. (Spring 2024) Core: HI

HIST 231 Medieval Europe (3 SH)

A history of Europe from the late Roman Empire to the fifteenth century, with emphasis on the political, social, cultural and economic developments. Events and themes include feudalism, the rise and development of Christendom, art and architecture, church/state tensions, the Crusades, courtly love, monasticism and women. Personalities include kings and queens, popes, knights and women mystics. (Spring 2023) Core: HI

HIST 251 History of Africa (3 SH)

A general survey of African history from the pre-colonial to contemporary era, addressing religious and cultural shifts across various regions, the impact of Islamic and European colonization, the quest for independence, post-colonialism, and the complications of nationalism and globalization. (Fall 2023) Core: CC

HIST 312 19th Century America, A Novel History (3 SH)

This course explores the years of national development from Jacksonian America to the end of the 19th century through the popular literature of the era, examining American self-idealization and reform, commercial and early industrial development, continental expansion, regionalism, slavery, and the growing issues of race, gender, and class. Special attention is given to the Civil War and to the experiences of women, immigrants, Native Americans and African Americans. Taking HIST 101 before this course is highly recommended. (Spring 2023)

HIST 321 Modernizing America, 1870-1940 (3 SH)

This course is a study of the United States during the "Modern" period, a time when the country moved from a booming but tattered nation reeling from a civil war to an international giant with immense military and industrial power. Major themes include industrialization, economic vitality, immigration, urbanization, the Social Gospel and Progressive movements, normalization, World War I, the rise of the "New Negro," and the New Deal. Taking HIST 102 before this course is highly recommended. (Fall 2022)

HIST 340-345 Topics in History and Gender (3 SH)

This course is offered as instructors with special expertise in an area are available to offer unique or trial content.

HIST 352 History of Women-Global Perspectives (3 SH)

A comparative study of how women around the world (organized around themes such as family, economics, politics, and sexuality) have experienced history. Emphasis will be on understanding changing gender roles in light of different historical events and cultures. The course will also provide an opportunity to examine current gender issues and become familiar with gender theory. (Spring 2024) Core: CC, HI

HIST 362 Renaissance and Reformation Europe (3 SH)

A study of the Italian and Northern Renaissance movements and a careful examination of the 16th-century reformations, both Protestant and Catholic. Besides cultural, intellectual, religious and political aspects of the period, social history and gender themes will be considered. Students will get to know diverse personalities such as Michelangelo, Machiavelli, Bloody Mary, and Martin Luther and be able to understand them in their historical contexts. (Spring 2024)

HIST 365 Mennonite History and Thought (3 SH)

A survey of the Anabaptist movement and Mennonites throughout the world from the sixteenth to twenty-first centuries. Issues include pacifism, wealth, political participation, community and tensions between faith and the dominant culture. Particular attention is given to the Anabaptist vision and its relevance for 21st-century American life. (CHST 365) (Spring 2023)

HIST 391 Birth of Modernity in Europe (3 SH)

The origins of many modern realities are found in 17th- and 18th-century Europe: imperialism, liberalism, conservatism, representative government, skepticism, religious tolerance, standing armies, laissez-faire capitalism, and a faith in science, reason and technology to bring about progress. This course uncovers these origins through a survey of political, social, economic, gender and cultural history from 1550 to 1815. Major themes include religious warfare, the witchcraft craze, overseas expansion, Rembrandt's Amsterdam, the Scientific Revolution, absolutism and constitutionalism, the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution, culminating in Napoleon's empire. Students will try to grasp the mentality of the era through philosophy and literature from the times and through historical film. (Fall 2022)

HIST 411 The History of Recent America (4 SH)

This writing intensive course begins with World War II and then marches through the Cold War, suburbanization, the civil rights movements, and the ever-expanding U.S. presence in global issues via the study of multiple cultural texts (novels, films, music, memoirs, etc.). Major themes include radical political movements, Vietnam, Watergate, TVculture, the Religious Right, and current political and social issues. Special attention is paid to U.S. involvement in global activities from the end of the Cold War to the present, with a strong emphasis on what "makes America American." Taking HIST 103 before this course is highly recommended. (Fall 2023) Core: WI

HIST 432 History of the Middle East (3 SH)

A historical survey of the Middle East. The particular focus may vary based on the instructor's expertise. The role of past and present U.S. foreign policies in these countries will be highlighted. (Fall 2022) Core: CC

HIST 435 Martyrs, Merchants and Mendicants-1500 Years of the Christian Movement (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of the stories of Christianity, beginning with the New Testament period up to the sixteenth century of the Common Era. It describes the successes and failures in the life and witness of Christians as they spread west into Europe, east toward China, and south into Africa. It evaluates diverse Christian approaches shaped by these themes: women/men, mission/enculturation, church/state, war/peace, and wealth/poverty. (CHST 435) Core: WI

HIST 441 History Internship (1-3 SH)

Designed for upper level history majors who want to explore career options and gain practical experience in fields that pertain to history. Placements include museums, historical societies, libraries, archives, law firms and government offices. Approval from the history department needed one semester in advance. Students take initiative in arranging their own placement. Internship can be completed in the summer. Grading is on a pass/fail basis. Core: CL

HIST 461 Modern Europe (3 SH)

A history of Europe from the French Revolution to the present. Themes include revolution, industrialization, women's suffrage, militarism, imperialism and genocide, the rise and fall of communism, the world wars, fascism, the reunification of Eastern and Western Europe, the emergences of the European Union, and current issues such as immigration, terrorism and neo-nationalism, and the splintering of the E.U. (Fall 2023)

HIST 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

HONRS 111 Ruling Ideas Seminar (3 SH)

This course runs every fall semester and is led by the director of the Honors program and/ or other members of the Honors faculty. It is available to all students entering EMU with an Honors Scholarship and is highly recommended to all students entering the Honors Program as sophomores or as transfer students. The course is designed to investigate the central ideas of various academic disciplines and higher education generally. Together, students and faculty begin to explore and examine the goals of the program spelled out above.

HONRS 401 Worldview Seminar (2 SH)

This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. Students will be expected to explore and articulate their worldview through interactive projects and practices. This course satisfies the EMU Core requirement for CORE 401 Senior Seminar. It may be taken by other Honors students if room permits. Core: SrSem

HONRS 431 Honors Teaching and Leadership (0-2 SH)

This course is designed for juniors and seniors in the Honors Program. Students work closely with a professor to help form, shape, and guide a class. It is a way for students to provide service to the university and their fellow students, and to develop valuable organizational and leadership skills. These course hours may be applied toward the distributive portion of the Honors Program curriculum and the course may be repeated multiple times. Interested students and professors should contact the Honors director for a syllabus template for the course; they will then jointly modify it to fit their particular needs. The completed syllabus should be submitted to the Honors director and the registrar. Core: CL

HONRS 451 Honors Capstone (1 SH)

This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. The Capstone will be directed by a professor or professional from within the student's primary area of study. It will include an extensive project and a public presentation of the results. HONRS 455 Honors Capstone (3 SH) This course is required for the Honors Program and should be taken during the senior year. The Capstone will be directed by a professor or professional from within the student's primary area of study. It will include an extensive project and a public presentation of the results.

HONRS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

HUM 200 Foundations of Humanities (2 SH)

This team-taught, interdisciplinary course serves as an introduction for several humanities disciplines including history. It is designed to teach students critical, close reading skills for historical and modern media, research and documentation skills, and to expose students to a wide variety of academic methods of scholarly inquiry. Core: WI

HUM 213 Bach Festival (3 SH)

The course is designed to accomplish two main purposes: (1) to serve as an introduction to the skills required for listening to music, and (2) to prepare class members to take full advantage of the Shenandoah Valley Bach Festival. Activities will include guided listening exercises, information about Bach and this year’s featured composers, as well as visits from performers participating in the festival who will illustrate the skills and understandings needed to prepare performances of music that can be enjoyed by audiences. The most important goal is to get students, especially those who have never had opportunity before, as close as possible to the workings of the life of a professional musician. In addition to the classroom hours listed below, students will be expected to spend a minimum of 12 hours during the week of the festival in attendance at rehearsals, noon concerts, and/or evening concerts. To meet the minimum 12 participatory hour requirement, students may need to attend activities during the work day or evenings; a master schedule of performances and rehearsals will be provided.

HUM 330-335 Topics in Humanities (3 SH)

This course will provide innovative, topical approaches to varying humanities topics. It may be repeated as topics shift from year to year.

HUM 420-425 Tutorial (3-4 SH)

This course will be largely self-directed and will require a great deal of independent student work, often in project-focused groups. It may be repeated as topics shift from year to year. HUM 490 Humanities Seminar (4 SH) A team-taught interdisciplinary seminar that serves as a capstone for many humanities programs, including history, literary studies, and Bible, religion and theology. It provides students an opportunity to complete a long, researchbased scholarly project while also exposing students to critical theory and historiography. Graduate school and career paths will also be discussed. Core: CC, WI

LARTS 101 College Success Strategies I-Beginning the Course (2 SH)

A college success course that focuses on study skills needed to succeed in college. Assessment and development of individual learning styles and strengths are part of the course curriculum. Students receive course credit when learning outcomes of the course are met; credit is considered elective, not part of the EMU Core or major requirements. Instructor permission required.

LARTS 110 College Success Strategies II-Back on Course (2 SH)

A college success course that focuses on strategies needed to achieve full potential in students' academic, personal, and professional life. Self-assessments, readings, and guided exercises are part of the course curriculum. Students receive course credit when learning outcomes of the course are met; credit is considered elective, not part of the EMU Core or major requirements. Instructor permission required.

LARTS 181 Global Connections (1 SH)

This course invites students of diverse cultural backgrounds and experiences to engage in thoughtful analysis of crosscultural communication and the accompanying emotions, challenges and opportunities. International, third-culture individuals (TCKs), and American students participate in a common seminar encouraging critical thinking, dialogue and reflection. First-year international students are strongly encouraged to take this course to help facilitate their transition to an understanding of North American culture and EMU's academic culture.

LARTS 201 Major and Vocational Exploration (1 SH)

The course will provide an introductory framework for the vocational decision making process. It stresses the connection between student career objectives and potential EMU major choices. Students will examine previous experiences and future possibilities, develop potential career plans and expand the network of possibilities. Students will learn valuable skills in self-assessment, reflective work, scenario planning, job search strategies, and networking to develop future plans.

LARTS 203 Professional and Vocational Exploration (3 SH)

The course will provide a deep dive into the vocational decision-making and career planning process.  Students will learn valuable skills in self-assessment, reflective work, job search skills, and networking as they develop future plans.  Students will engage in exercises to begin putting plans into action to move toward achieving career-related goals. Offered through Lancaster

LARTS 256 Commuter Cycling (1 SH)

Students will learn the arguments for cycling as sustainable transportation, study commuter cycling activism in the US, learn basic bicycle maintenance and promote cycling on campus. Core: CL

LARTS 281 Student Life and Student Leadership (1 SH)

This seminar style course provides students in campus leadership positions with training in the areas of effective leadership and teamwork, social comprehension, restorative justice/ restorative practices, and basic helping skills. The course provides opportunities for discussion and interaction among student leaders focusing on contemporary issues in college.

LARTS 390 Peer Tutoring Practicum I (1-3 SH)

This one to three credit course is offered by the Academic Success Center and Writing Program. Students explore a variety of topics (tutor role, learning strategies, diversity issues, and ethics) in conjunction with supervised tutoring. The course may be linked with specific professors and courses of academic departments. Practicum requirements will reflect credit hour enrollment and appropriate tutor support offerings of linked department. See the Director of the Writing Program or the Director of the Academic Success Center for approval to register. Prerequisites: earned B grade in WRIT 130 or WRIT 140 (writing tutors), department recommendation (subject-specific tutors), 3.0 cumulative GPA (all tutors).

LARTS 391 Peer Tutoring Practicum II (1-3 SH)

This one to three credit course offers additional tutoring experience with supervision from the appropriate faculty member. The course may also be linked with specific professors and courses of academic departments. LARTS 391 serves as a Community Learning designate. Prerequisite: LARTS 390 or consent of practicum professor and, if applicable, consent of academic department professor. Students may enroll in LARTS 390 and 391 for a maximum of three credit hours for peer tutoring over one to three semesters. Core: CL

LARTS 410 Liberal Arts Internship (1-3 SH)

This course supports experiential learning in which students apply their academic foundation in supervised work settings. Students who have completed an internship or have an internship in progress are eligible to enroll in this course. The internship is intended to enhance students' professional growth, competencies and professional exploration. Students will identify and develop skills and experiences directly relevant to achieving intended career goals, reflect on their experiences and find meaning in them, and develop a better understanding of their chosen career field and evaluate that field as a long-term career path. Students may earn 1 credit per 40 hours of direct service in a company/organization (up to 3 credits).

LARTS 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

LEAD 281 Leadership Practicum (1 SH)

This is an opportunity for students to explore leadership and gain limited practical experience in an organizational or team setting. Students will log at least 40 contact hours and complete some reflective written reports. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Graded on a Pass/Fail basis. Prerequisites: Sophomore+ status and EMU Cum. GPA 2.0 or better. (must apply one month in advance to secure placement) Core: CL

LEAD 300 Leadership Theory and Practice (3 SH)

This course will focus on understanding leadership from theoretical and personal perspectives. From the theoretical perspective, it reviews historic and current thought on leadership including how power and identity influence leadership perceptions. From the personal perspective, students will develop their identity as a leader through reflecting on their own gifts, skills and leadership experiences in a practice setting. Core: SB

LEAD 481 Leadership Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give LEAD majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for LEAD majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship director must approve the internship before it commences. Core: CL

LEAD 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

LING 250 Introduction to Linguistics (0-3 SH)

This course is dedicated to the study of the essential nature of languages with English as the primary, but not only, example. Students learn to use some of the tools of linguistic analysis to learn about phonetics, phonology, morphology, and syntax, and examine broader concepts of language typology, discourse, language variation, and the history of English. (Spring 2023) Core: CC

LING 260 Grammars of English (3 SH)

Using the tools of applied and corpus linguistics, students examine in detail the structural features of English. The course considers issues raised in traditional prescriptive grammars and by modern proponents; and it highlights the application of grammar to students' written prose style. Separate tracks emphasizing grammatical analysis of literary style or grammar pedagogy are provided depending upon student interest. (Spring 2024)

LING 360 Language Learning, Literacy, and Culture (3 SH)

This course considers how humans acquire their first language and other languages. How do power, personal identity, social inequalities and other socio-cultural factors influence acquisition of language and literacy skills? Of special interest are the challenges facing learners outside the mainstream culture who acquire skills in English as an academic language. Practical implications for teaching are considered. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing or permission of the instructor. (Spring 2024)

LING 470 Internship (1-3 SH)

The professional Internship Program is a cooperative endeavor among upper-level students, the community, and the language and literature department. An internship provides an opportunity for students to explore career options and to extend their classroom experiences and learning with both ob-related and academic responsibilities. Department approval required one semester in advance. This course is graded on a P/F basis.

LIT 230 Global Literatures III-1800-present (3 SH)

Global Literatures III explores a selection of romantic, realist, modernist, post-modernist, and post-independence poetry, drama, fiction, and prose non-fiction. Although the course focuses in particular on the Anglophone tradition, readings also reflect the emergence of a global literary marketplace in the twentieth century and celebrate the contributions of various ethnic and minority writers. This course is offered online through Lancaster; it is available to traditional students as well. Students may not take both ENGL 204 and LIT 230. Core: CC, LI

LOML 320 Leadership Development (3 SH)

The emphasis in course one is on the experiential nature of nontraditional education and adult development theory. Students will be familiar with various theories and instruments that will provide a cognitive basis for personal analysis and understanding. The objective of this interdisciplinary course is personal discovery through examination of issues in adulthood as studied in the fields of literature, wellness, and gender studies. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 350 Organizational Behavior (3 SH)

Students study the foundational theories and approaches to organization structure, design, and culture. Primary emphasis is placed on understanding the organization as an open system. Students will learn to utilize a systems approach in basic organizational diagnosis. Contingency theory provides a theoretical framework for understanding the impact of the business environment on organizational effectiveness, design, and change. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 360 Groups and Individuals in Organization (3 SH)

This course is a study of group and individual behavior in organizations and how these impact organizational effectiveness. Emphasis is placed on decision making, group dynamics, emotional intelligence, and resolving conflict. Students develop strategies for efficient and productive group management and determine which tasks are best handled by groups or individuals.  Offered through Lancaster

LOML 380 Team Dynamics (3 SH)

This is a practical course on the skills and practice of team building and leadership. Students will become familiar with team types, roles, composition and processes, and assess personal team and leadership skills. Classes are structured around weekly simulations that provide experience with teams and team leadership. A secondary emphasis is a focus on communications and effective interpersonal relationships. Students will also develop understanding of theories of motivation and conflict management and their applications in team building. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 405 Organizational Research (3 SH)

This course guides the student in understanding the research process and becoming a critical consumer of research. Organizational research concepts are examined in both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Students critically read and critique organizational research. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 410 Human Resources Management (3 SH)

This course demonstrates the effective merging of the practice and perspectives of management and the Human Resources professional. Students will understand that human resources management recognizes the value of the employee as a key contributor. In so doing it provides a management challenge necessitating the personal as well as professional development of the employee. It goes far beyond the quest for increased productivity resultant from capital improvements by including in management techniques designed to obtain maximal contributions from the members of the organization. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 420 Leadership Theory (3 SH)

During this course, students will examine the principles of management and leadership which underlie the behavior of organizations. As in earlier courses, a systems approach will be emphasized wherein the organization is viewed as a dynamic and changing system. Working predominantly in groups, students examine motivational theory and its application to individual and group functioning in work and home situations. Leadership styles related to particular circumstances are analyzed. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 430 Leadership Practice (3 SH)

Expanding upon the previous course, students will put their leadership theories to practice as their knowledge, skills, and abilities are tested against real-world scenarios. This course gives the student space to be introspective as they look back over the months of education and determine how their beliefs and styles may have changed. Experiential and application-based learning are utilized throughout this course to develop the student's individual leadership style. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 440 Global Trends in Economic Justice (3 SH)

This course examines global economic trends, theories of justice, and issues in economic justice. A variety of written materials, historical literature, and contemporary culture are examined for their perspectives on economic justice and fairness. Local, national, and international perspectives on economic development and justice are studied. Students will develop a deepened and more nuanced perspective on issues of poverty and justice. Offered through Lancaster

LOML 460 Application of Research (2 SH)

Students combine their research and practical implementation of theories and concepts in this capstone project. The project examines an area of the student's occupation or avocation. The student's project will be written and presented orally to the instructor and cohort learning group.

?????LOM 461 Application of Research Project in Aviation (for Aviation concentrators only) will be offered for 3 credits and as a traditional semester length course. Offered through Lancaster

MATH 114 College Algebra (2 SH)

College Algebra topics include equations and inequalities, polynomials, rational functions, exponential functions, and triangle geometry. Core: MATH

MATH 120 Math for Social Decision Making (2 SH)

This course examines the ways mathematics is used to help inform societal decisions;  Topics include game theory, fair division of goods, apportionment of representatives, voting methods, and consumer finance. Core: MATH

MATH 134 Finite Math-Logic and Problem Solving (2 SH)

Topics include symbolic logic, geometric constructions and transformations, set theory, graph theory, and an introduction to computer programming. Core: MATH

MATH 136 Finite Math-Number Theory and Probability (2 SH)

Number theory (including number systems, modular arithmetic, divisibility, prime numbers), counting, probability. Core: MATH

MATH 144 Precalculus (2 SH)

This course serves as preparation for calculus; topics include trigonometric functions and identities, logarithms, exponential functions, summation notation, advanced algebraic manipulations, and an introduction to limits. Offered every fall. Prerequisite: Math 114 or equivalent. Core: MATH

MATH 150 Elements of Calculus (3 SH)

This course is a survey of the concepts of differential and integral calculus, at a less rigorous level than Calculus I and Calculus II. The course emphasizes the applications of calculus to problems in business, economics and the sciences. Credit will not be given for both this course and MATH 185. Prerequisite: a grade of C or better in MATH 144 or MATH 154 or high school equivalent. (Spring 2024) Core: MATH

MATH 154 Math for Engineering (2 SH)

This course is intended to prepare engineering students to take beginning courses in engineering and calculus. Students will gain a working knowledge of the mathematics used in the study of measurement, circuits, statics, and dynamics. Offered in conjunction with ENGR 156. Core: MATH

MATH 170 Discrete Mathematics (4 SH)

Discrete Mathematics serves as an introduction to advanced mathematics. In addition to learning material that is fundamental to mathematics and computer science, this course will emphasize logical thinking, problem-solving, and communication about abstract problems. Topics include set theory, number theory, logic, relations, mathematical induction and other forms of proof, combinatorics, and graph theory. Prerequisite: Four years of high school mathematics or permission of instructor. Core: MATH

MATH 185 Calculus I (4 SH)

This course is a study of the behavior of single-variable functions, including limits, continuity, the derivative, differentiation techniques, and applications. The course also includes an introduction to integration, including the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.  Credit will not be given for both this course and MATH 150. Prerequisite: a grade of B or higher in MATH 144 or MATH 154 (or high school equivalent). Core: MATH

MATH 195 Calculus II (4 SH)

This course is a continuation of Math 185. Topics include techniques and applications of integration of single-variable functions, infinite sequences and series, conic sections, parametric equations, and an introduction to vectors.  Prerequisite: Grade of C- or higher in MATH 185, or permission of instructor. Core: MATH

MATH 284 Multivariate Calculus (2 SH)

This course is a continuation of Math 185.  Topics include the differentiation and integration of multivariate functions. Prerequisite: Grade of C- or better in MATH 195, or permission of instructor. (Fall 2022) Core: MATH

MATH 286 Vector Calculus (2 SH)

Topics include vector-valued functions, line integrals, Green's Theorem, surface integrals, the Divergence Theorem, and Stokes' Theorem. Offered every other fall. Prerequisite: Grade of C- or better in MATH 284, or permission of instructor. (Fall 2022) Core: MATH

MATH 310 Differential Equations (3 SH)

A study of the use of differential equations - that is, equations involving both functions and their derivatives - in the construction of mathematical models to address real-world problems. Students will be taught analytical, numerical, and graphical techniques for formulating, solving, and interpreting ordinary differential equations of first and higher order. The emphasis will be on applications to engineering and the physical sciences. Prerequisite: MATH 195. (Fall 2022) Core: MATH

MATH 330-335 Topics in Mathematics (2 SH)

The content of this course is determined by the special interest of the faculty and students. Courses taught in the past include Number Theory, Coding Theory, Math Research, Math Modeling, Advanced Geometry, History of Mathematics, and Computability. The course can be taken more than once.  Prerequisite: Math 170 and permission of the instructor. Core: MATH

MATH 333 Topics in Math-Math Modeling (2 SH)

Offered in alternate years

MATH 350 Linear Algebra (3 SH)

Topics include systems of linear equations, matrices, linear transformations, vectors in Rn , vector spaces, linear independence, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, discrete dynamical systems, and inner products.  The course contains a mix of theory and applications. Pre- or corequisites: MATH 170 and MATH 195 or permission of instructor. (Fall 2023) Core: MATH

MATH 364 Geometry (2 SH)

This course covers the core topics of Euclidean geometry, with an emphasis on proof-writing.  Geometric transformations and non-Euclidean geometry will be included, as time allows. (Fall 2022) Core: MATH, WI

MATH 450 Introduction to Analysis (3 SH)

Analysis is a critical study of the calculus, with heavy emphasis on rigorous proof-writing. Topics include real numbers, sequences, limits, continuity, differentiation, and integration. Prerequisites: MATH 170 and MATH 195. (Spring 2023) Core: MATH

MATH 460 Abstract Algebra (3 SH)

This course is a proof-based study of the properties of groups, rings (including polynomial theory), and fields. The course also builds on the number theory encountered in MATH 170. Prerequisite: MATH 350. (Spring 2024) Core: MATH

MATH 470 Mathematical Probability (3 SH)

A study of probability, random variables, distribution and density functions, and the theory behind the statistical techniques used in STAT 220. Prerequisites: MATH 170, STAT 220, and MATH 284. (Spring 2023) Core: MATH

MATH 499 Independent Study (1-3 SH)

Individual study in an advanced topic in mathematics. Requirements normally include the preparation of a research paper to be presented at a departmental seminar. Open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisite: faculty approval.

MKTG 201 Principles of Marketing (3 SH)

An introduction to marketing. Topics include market creation, product development, channels of distribution, consumer behavior, pricing, advertising, sales and marketing research. Aspects of international marketing and service marketing are included. Prerequisite: College Writing (WRIT 130 or WRIT 140).

MKTG 311 Marketing Research (3 SH)

Examines a scientific approach to confirmatory and exploratory research and its application to business. Topics include research design, secondary and primary data collection, measurement and scaling concepts, survey techniques, sampling procedures, and data analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Prerequisites: grade of C (not C-) or better in STAT 120 and CIS 211, and MKTG 201.

MKTG 321 Consumer Behavior (3 SH)

A comprehensive study of behavioral models and concepts designed to help understand, evaluate, and predict consumer behavior. Deepens a student's knowledge about consumer psychology and applies the knowledge from the perspective of a marketing manager. Stresses analytical thinking about consumer psychology and prediction of how marketing tactics may influence demand for products and services. Prerequisite MKTG 201. (Fall 2023)

MKTG 330 Sales/E-Commerce (3 SH)

This course explores the dynamic realities and implications of sales and electronic commerce (e-commerce) from a marketer's perspective. Students learn a wide range of electronic commerce issues and platforms for marketers as a foundation for continuous and emerging learning in the dynamic e-commerce environment. Prerequisite MKTG 201. (Spring 2023)

MKTG 410 Strategic Marketing Management (3 SH)

This course takes a broad leadership view of the principles and practices of marketing. Topics include marketing structure, channels of distribution, consumer behavior, pricing, advertising, industrial marketing, telemarketing and marketing research. Aspects of international marketing and service marketing are included. Consumer behavior topics include psychological, sociological and anthropological variables that influence consumer motivation and actions. Prerequisite: grade of C (not C-) or better in MKTG 201. (Spring 2023) Core: WI

MKTG 481 Marketing Internship (1-3 SH)

Work experience designed to integrate practice and theory, to give marketing majors insight into current policies, procedure, and problems in all types of organizations. Frequent consultation with and written reports to the faculty advisor guide the student's experience. Travel and personal expenses are the student's responsibility. Can be taken during the summer. Grading is on a Pass/Fail basis. This is highly recommended for marketing majors. Prerequisite: Admission to the department, junior or senior standing, and a department GPA of at least 2.7. The internship director must approve the internship before it commences. Core: CL

MUED 121 Voice Proficiency Class (1 SH)

An overview of the singing process and instruction in the basic vocal skills necessary to meet the proficiency requirement for music education students. Please see MUPS 121 Class Voice for non-music majors.

MUED 131 Class Piano I (1 SH)

This is a beginner level course designed to give students a foundation in learning to play the piano and basic musicianship. During this course, students will learn to play pieces at the piano, learn basic elements of music theory and keyboard skills, and begin to develop a critical ear for nuance through listening to piano performances. This course is the first semester of a two-course sequence and is open to both music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, this course provides instruction necessary to meet piano proficiency requirements. Core: CA

MUED 132 Class Piano II (1 SH)

This course builds upon skills developed in Class Piano I. Students will learn more advanced pieces, continue to refine keyboard skills, and further develop listening ability. This course is open to music majors and non-music majors. For music majors, the final exam of this course will also serve as the piano proficiency exam. Permission of instructor is required for students who have not previously taken Class Piano I. Core: CA

MUED 212 The Child and Adolescent Voice (2 SH)

This course examines the characteristics of the child voice, methods of working with children in elementary general music class and choral settings and the changes that occur to the voice when students reach adolescence. Other topics addressed are: how to select appropriate music for elementary, middle and high school choral groups and how to work with the changing male voice.

MUED 223 Instrumental Methods-Brasses (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 224 Instrumental Methods-Percussion (1 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 225 Instrumental Methods-Strings (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 226 Instrumental Methods-Woodwinds (2 SH)

The Instrumental Methods courses offer class instruction designed to acquaint students with all the members of each family of instruments. Examination of current pedagogical materials is included. Offered alternate years

MUED 341 Elementary School Music (2-3 SH)

A study of the methods, materials, philosophy and objectives in the elementary school with an emphasis on child development through music. Students will experience music and musical activities suitable for children from Pre-K through grade 6 with an emphasis on appropriate motivational and teaching methods. Topics covered may include: the role of music in society and in the schools; music fundamentals; sequential and discipline based music curricula; teaching strategies; integration of music throughout the school curriculum; evaluation strategies; writing lesson plans; planning performances. Special emphasis is given to Orff and Kodaly approaches, the needs of diverse populations and the use of technology in the music classroom. Students will observe public school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee. A two credit option without a practicum is available for students who are not pursuing Music Education. Core: CA, CL

MUED 342 Secondary School Music (3 SH)

A study of methods and materials designed to prepare students to teach in middle and high school music programs. Students will observe school music teachers as part of the course and participate in a 20 hour practicum. Special emphasis is given to the maturing adolescent voice, performing ensembles, and teaching global music. Admission to Teacher Education may be a prerequisite. Additional fee.  Core: CA, CL

MUED 353 Instructional Module (1-2 SH)

In consultation with the music education advisor, each student will select an area for concentrated study.

MUED 412 Vocal Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences. Core: CL

MUED 413 Piano Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences. Core: CL

MUED 415 String Pedagogy (2 SH)

The pedagogy courses are required for performance majors in their respective area of concentration. The courses include study of pedagogical techniques in voice, piano and strings with practical application through lesson observation and supervised teaching experiences. Offered alternate years

MUES 310 The University Choir (0-1 SH)

A large choral ensemble representing a wide variety of academic majors. The choir will sing primarily sacred repertoire from all periods of music history. Membership is open to any Eastern Mennonite University student by audition. Alumni, faculty, staff, and community members are invited to join the choir during the fall semester to participate in the annual Fall Gala Concert or Christmas service. Core: CA

MUES 321 Chamber Singers (0-1 SH)

A select choir that studies and performs choral literature of various periods, styles and cultures. Performances occur both on and off campus; some touring is done each year. Members of Chamber Singers are also members of The University Choir. Core: CA

MUES 331 Chamber Orchestra (0-1 SH)

An orchestra open to students, faculty and community players interested in playing symphonic music. Several concerts are scheduled each year, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition required for wind players. Core: CA

MUES 332 Wind Ensemble (0-1 SH)

A large ensemble open to students, faculty and community players. Concerts are scheduled each semester, occasionally in collaboration with soloists and other student ensembles. Audition may be required. Core: CA

MUES 333 Chamber Ensemble (0-1 SH)

Small ensembles of voices and/or instruments organized according to the interests and abilities of students, and coached by various EMU music faculty. Core: CA, CL

MUES 341 EMU Jazz (0-1 SH)

The EMU Jazz Ensemble provides opportunities for students interested in jazz to learn musical skills and techniques associated with jazz music performance including different styles and improvising. Emphasis is placed on performance of jazz in the big band style. The Jazz Ensemble is open by audition. Preferences will be given to students of saxophone, trumpet, trombone, keyboard, drum set, bass, and guitar, but all students are welcome. The ensemble performs on campus and at local venues. Core: CA

MUES 351 EMU Pep Band (0-1 SH)

Want to play fun instrumental arrangements of popular music, feel the excitement of bringing school spirit to athletic events, and earn general elective credit all at the same time? Join the EMU Pep Band! The pep band will play 4-8 games and events over the course of the EMU Royals basketball season (November-February).  Audition is not required and all instruments are welcome. Core: CA

MUPS 121 Class Voice (1 SH)

Beginning vocal instruction in a small group setting. Excellent opportunity to learn basic singing skills. Open to all students and is a prerequisite for private studies if the student has had no previous private voice study. Additional fee. Core: CA

MUPS 202 Improvisation (1 SH)

Through this course students will learn key principles of effective improvisation such as scales, melodic decoration, phrasing, and form. This is a hands-on course in which students will practice improvising over songs or chord progressions through the course of the semester guided by feedback from their instructor. The genre or style of improvisation focus will be guided by the student’s creative leanings and the instructor’s area of expertise. Some of the genres and styles of focus could include Bluegrass, Fiddle, Americana, Singer-songwriter, Gospel, Jazz, R&B, Rock, and more.  Core: CA

MUPS 203 Songwriting (1 SH)

Through this course students will learn key principles of effective songwriting such as lyric construction, chord selection, and arranging. This is a hands-on course in which students will write original songs over the course of the semester, guided by feedback from their instructor. The genre or style of songwriting focus will be guided by the student’s creative leanings and the instructor’s area of expertise. Some of the genres of focus could include Bluegrass, Americana, Gospel, Jazz, R&B, Singer-songwriter, Rock, EDM, and more.  Core: CA

MUPS 290 Sophomore Recital (0 SH)

Sophomore recitals are arranged with the approval of the instructor.  MUPS 390 Junior Recital (1 SH) Preparation and presentation of a public recital containing a minimum of one half-hour of music. The junior recital is required for the performance concentration in music. MUPS 490 Senior Recital-Project (1-3 SH) A solo performance containing a minimum of one half hour of music for the music education teaching endorsement or one hour of music for the music performance concentration to be presented during the final year of the student's study. Preparation includes research, analysis, related public performance and presentation, and critique. All details are to be worked out under the supervision of the instructor. Permission for recital performance is subject to the approval of the music faculty.

MUPS 491 Senior Project (3 SH)

A project, broad in scope, unifying the various interests of the interdisciplinary studies student. This is a public presentation given during the senior year demonstrating how the student's different areas of study connect and relate to each other. The project must be approved and overseen by the student's music advisor. It is likely there will also be advising and input from professors in disciplines other than music. The project will entail an aural as well as a written component, the latter to be contained in the student's portfolio.

MUPS 492 Capstone for Music and Peacebuilding (1 SH)

Through this course, music and peacebuilding majors will complete their portfolio. The portfolio documents large-scale projects through the student's academic career and displays achievements and analysis of practicum and networks. Fourth-year music and peacebuilding students will include a larger project that applies the concepts of music and peacebuilding in a hands-on way. The portfolio will be completed with the professional résumé or CV, along with a personalized website crafted for the student's relevant job market. This course is available for fourth-year music and peacebuilding majors only.

MUPS 499 Independent Study (1 SH)

MUPS ### Private Lessons (1-2 SH)

Credit is available for private study in the areas listed below. A semester of private study includes 13 weeks of lessons. Registration for 1 SH offers 40 minute lessons (200 level course code); registration for 2 SH offers 60 minutes of instruction per week (300 level course code). Lessons for 2 SH are required of music majors with a performance concentration after their formal admission to the program as performance majors. Approval must be granted from music program director for any exceptions. Private voice students are required to hire an accompanist for weekly lessons and recitals. Additional fee. Core: CA

• 201, 301 Percussion - 1-2

• 202 Improvisation - 1

• 203 Songwriting - 1

• 211 Composition - 1-2

• 221, 321 Voice - 1-2

• 231, 331 Piano - 1-2

• 241, 341 Organ - 1-2

• 251, 351 Violin - 1-2

• 252, 352 Viola - 1-2

• 253, 353 Cello - 1-2

• 254, 354 String Bass - 1-2

• 255, 355 Banjo - 1-2

• 256, 356 Guitar - 1-2

• 261, 361 Flute - 1-2

• 262, 362 Clarinet - 1-2

• 263, 363 Oboe - 1-2

• 264, 364 Saxophone - 1-2

• 265, 365 Bassoon - 1-2

• 271, 371 Trumpet - 1-2

• 272, 372 Horn - 1-2

• 273, 373 Trombone - 1-2

• 274, 374 Tuba - 1-2

NRSL 320 Transitions in Professional Nursing Practice (3 SH)

This course is designed to support a smooth transition for new to practice registered nurses who are employed in their initial professional positions. Successful transition into the role of a professional nurse will be fostered through faculty and peer coaching and support. An overarching aim of this Nurse Residency is professional socialization while fostering stress management, problem-solving, creative thinking, and durability in the new professional position. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 325 Art and Science of Effective Communication (3 SH)

This course is designed to enhance the written, oral and interpersonal communication ability of students. With an emphasis on academic integrity, the course will foster writing skills using American Psychological Association formatting. Other content will address information and media literacy, content creation, and the ethics inherent in their use. Communication skills will be enhanced through discussion of social media, crucial conversations, mediation, and therapeutic communication. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 341 Professional Nurse (4 SH)

This course presents the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for current professional nursing practice. Classroom activities focus on library usage skills, an introduction to nursing research, concepts of professional nursing, communication skills, nursing and crisis theories, the history of nursing, and spirituality. A paper is written in which professional nursing concepts are integrated into an individual philosophy of nursing. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 345 Health Assessment (3 SH)

This course provides students with knowledge and skills in history taking and physical examination of healthy individuals. At the end of the course, each student will be required to do a mastery demonstration of a head-to-toe assessment on a person of choice. The information and skills learned are required of a baccalaureate curriculum. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 350 Health Care Policy (4 SH)

This course focuses on contemporary health care issues and their impact on current policy. An open systems model and change theory is used to explore the US healthcare system, health care organizations, health care policy, payment systems and the role of nurses within this system. Possibilities for health care reform and alternate systems are discussed. The effect of behaviors, attitudes, values and perceptions of participants in the system is examined. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 410 Community Health (4 SH) This course focuses on nursing with the community as the client. Theories of community nursing are examined and applied in community agencies. Epidemiology, communicable diseases, and crisis theory are considered. Students do a community assessment and project with a community organization. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 420 Principles of Nursing Management and Leadership (3 SH)

This course presents motivational theory and its application to individual and group functioning. Leadership styles and governance models are examined. Legal issues are discussed. The effect of organizational change on nursing delivery systems is evaluated. The concepts of power, oppression, advocacy, delegation, stress, and change are addressed. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 450 Evidence Based Practice with Capstone (6 SH)

The student, as a consumer of nursing research, will explore the basics of how research is conducted and applied to clinical practice. The research process will be reviewed - from identification of the problem to using the findings in practice. The course will culminate with an evidence-based practice project that includes selecting a topic of interest to the student, conducting a review of literature, and preparation of a presentation of the findings. The student will be encouraged to share their work in a clinical setting where related healthcare services are provided.  Core: WI. Offered through Lancaster

NRSL 461 Family Health (4 SH)

This course focuses on nursing with the family as the client. Theories of family nursing are examined and applied with the family experience. Family development and crisis theory are considered. Students home visits with a family and do a family health assessment. Offered through Lancaster

NURS 301 Holistic Health Inquiry (3 SH)

Includes interviewing, documenting, understanding normal findings on physical examination and geriatric considerations, and assessment of psychosocial and spiritual needs. Introduces beginning professional and therapeutic communication skills with clients and professional teams, including managing conflict. Laboratory and community settings are used for practice and mastery experiences.

NURS 302 Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nursing (4 SH)

Addresses the pathophysiology and pharmacological treatment of the most common diseases encountered in the adult population. The course begins with basic principles of pharmacology, and then is organized by body system or major disease group classification: fluid and electrolyte balance, neurological, heart and vascular, endocrine, immune/ infection, musculoskeletal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cellular/cancer.

NURS 303 Foundations of Professional Nursing (4 SH)

Introduces the fundamental concepts of nursing including actions basic to nursing care, promoting healthy physiologic and psychosocial responses, and aging. Processes key to functioning effectively as a professional nurse are included: the nursing process, clinical decision making, and teaching and learning. Covers professional roles and issues such as the nurse as team member, legal and ethical concerns, documentation, priority setting, and safety.

NURS 304 Fundamentals Practicum (3 SH)

Skill acquisition in the learning laboratory through simulation and skill demonstrations (e.g. urinary catheter insertion, aseptic technique, vital signs, and glucometer). Clinical experiences take place in a nursing home, acute care setting, schools, and other community settings. Corequisites: NURS 301 Holistic Health Inquiry and NURS 303 Foundations of Professional Nursing. Clinical Hours: 68.5

NURS 310 Conceptual Framework of Nursing (2 SH)

Introduces the concepts basic to nursing practice: persons, health, environment and nursing. Incorporating spirituality into nursing practice will be emphasized. Taken during the sophomore year or with Level 1.  Core: WI

NURS 311 Conceptual Framework Bridge Course (3 SH)

Provides an overview of the conceptual framework utilized in the EMU nursing department and reviews certain nursing process skills that include decision making, teaching, research and process recordings. This course is taken by LPN and RN students in the day program. (Clinical hours: 32 hours; LPNs: An additional 40 clinical hours are awarded from LPN degree upon course completion) Core: WI

NURS 320 Adult Health Practicum I (3 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student applies the nursing process in caring for 1-2 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5)

NURS 322 Nursing Care of the Adult I (3 SH)

Addresses the needs of clients with problems involving endocrine, regulation, gastrointestinal, fluid balance and immune systems. Clinical experience in hemodialysis. Prerequisite: Completion of Level 1

NURS 323 Psychosocial Nursing (3 SH)

Gives an overview of psychosocial nursing and addresses nursing care of clients with psychosocial illnesses. Application occurs in a state mental hospital. (Clinical hours: 51).

NURS 325 Nursing Care of Children (3 SH)

Focuses on the nursing care of children in a developmental setting, rehabilitation setting and an acute hospital setting. Explores the transitional and situational crises this brings to the family. (Clinical hours: 48)

NURS 326 Nursing and the Beginning Family (3 SH)

Focuses on the family during the childbearing cycle. Clinical application occurs in a mother- baby hospital unit, childbirth classes and prenatal settings. (Clinical hours: 24)

NURS 391 Faith Community Nursing (3 SH)

Faith Community Nurses assist the members of their faith community to maintain and/or regain wholeness in body, mind, and spirit. The course explores the personal and professional dimensions of spirituality and the process of developing a health and wellness ministry within a community of faith.

NURS 420 Adult Health Practicum II (3 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student masters complete care for 2-3 clients. (Clinical hours: 76.5). Prerequisite: NURS 320.

NURS 422 Nursing Care of the Adult II (3 SH)

Addresses the needs of clients with problems involving the cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological and sensory systems. Prerequisite: Completion of Level 1

NURS 426 Nursing and Family in Community (3 SH)

Focuses on nursing with the family as a unit in the community system from conception to late adulthood.  Core: CL

NURS 427 Professional Issues in Nursing (1 SH)

This seminar course addresses current issues in nursing from the standpoint of ethics, economics, policy, research, and legal considerations. Students identify an area of health concern and use research and evidence-based resources to develop and deliver an oral presentation.

NURS 429 Leadership Practicum (3 SH)

This course includes practical clinical experiences at the leadership level in acute care, medical-surgical settings. Concepts of delegation, time-management, and prioritization are emphasized. Prerequisite: NURS 322 & 422. (Clinical hours: 97)

NURS 432 Community Health (3 SH)

Focuses on community health nursing with clinical application to individuals, families and communities. Change theory, epidemiology, communicable diseases and health care systems are considered. Prevention in populations is a special emphasis in this course. (Clinical hours: 56) Prerequisite: NURS 426. Core: CL

NURS 433 Evidence Based Practice for Nursing (2 SH)

Guides the student in understanding the research process and becoming a critical consumer of research. Students apply research findings to their capstone presentation.

NURS 436 Population Health Colloquium (2 SH)

This course draws together principles of community health and leadership in order to prepare students to be active participants within the communities and agencies in which they will work. Application of course content occurs through a semester-long population-focused group project and a professional presentation that utilizes evidence-based literature. (Clinical hours: 45)

NURS 438 Critical Care Nursing (3 SH)

Crisis theory is applied with clients and their families in the acute stages of a health-related situational crisis and in disaster situations. Clinical experiences occur in the emergency department and critical care units. (Clinical experience: 4 days). Prerequisites: NURS 319, NURS 321, NURS 420, NURS 421.

NURS 439 Transition to Practice (3 SH)

This senior seminar course covers professional issues and the role development of the professional nurse transitioning into practice. In class discussions and in writing a philosophy paper, students identify personal beliefs and ethical issues and challenges that will affect their voice as a nurse. Students present an evidence-based project and advocate for a legislative policy change. Only offered summers for Accelerated Second Degree nursing students; satisfies CORE 401 requirement.

NURS 440 Transition to Practice (3 SH)

Examines professional issues and the role development of the professional nurse transitioning into practice. In class discussions and in writing a philosophy paper, students identify personal beliefs and ethical issues and challenges that will affect their voice as a nurse. Students present an evidence-based project and advocate for a legislative policy change. Core: WI

NURS 480 Adult Health Practicum III (2 SH)

Clinical experiences are in medical surgical settings where the student masters complete care for 2-3 clients. For students on an extended schedule (clinical experience: 5 days)

PE 101 Introduction to Health, Physical Education and Recreation (3 SH)

The significance and meaning of health, physical education, recreation, leisure, play, and sport in modern society are examined. Includes the theories of play, models of sport, and the recreational and sport movement in the United States. Role and scope of health, physical education, recreation and sport programs in the community, schools, commercial, and industrial settings are examined along with an introduction to professional and career issues in the field. (RSM 101)

PE 201 Principles of Coaching (2 SH)

This course addresses issues common to all sporting experience (team management, practice organization, budgeting, facility and equipment usage, administrative relationships and scheduling). Class activities draw on life and sport experiences of students to develop principles of effective coaching at the community youth sports, middle and high school, and college levels. (Fall 2023)

PE 203 Coaching Practicum (1 SH)

This practicum provides an on-the-job learning experience for students. A supervised placement is secured in a coaching role in a local youth sports or educational program. This course is not available for first-year students.

PE 210 Sophomore Practicum-KES (1 SH)

This individualized course provides exposure for kinesiology and exercise science minors in professional adult fitness or sports medicine settings. A volunteer position is secured in a related agency for fifty clock-hours of involvement. Core: CL

PE 301 Adapted Physical Education (3 SH)

This is a combined study of academic course work and a 10-hour practicum experience designed to educate the student to meet the physical, motor, personal-social and learning needs of exceptional individuals, particularly those individuals with disabilities whose needs cannot be met in a mainstreamed physical education setting. Core: CL

PE 302 Motor Learning (2 SH)

The primary intent of this course is to become familiar with the learner, the learning environment and the process of learning in the motor skill context to provide physical educators and coaches with instructional decisions.

PE 401 Elementary Physical Education (3 SH)

This course exposes students to elementary physical education history, theory, and practice and encourages them to develop appropriate teaching and management skills. This course must be taken as part of the elementary physical education professional block and includes a 60-hour practicum (also includes PEM 231 and PE 403). Course prerequisites: ED 101, 245, PE 301, and 302. Admission prerequisites: First semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education recommended, 2.7 cumulative GPA and the entry assessment math score required. Second semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education required. (Fall 2022)

PE 402 Middle and Secondary Physical Education (3 SH)

This course provides students the opportunity to develop the appropriate teaching and management skills for the middle and secondary physical education setting. This course must be taken as part of the secondary physical education professional block and includes a 60-hour practicum (also includes ED 351 and ED 385). Course prerequisites: ED 101, 245, 275, HE 202, and 260. Admission prerequisites: First semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education recommended, 2.7 cumulative GPA and the entry assessment math score required. Second semester of block courses: Admission to Teacher Education required. (Fall 2023)

PE 403 Assessment of Physical Activity (1 SH)

This course is designed to prepare students to effectively assess student learning in physical activity settings. Course content includes: basic theoretical and practical knowledge in measurement and evaluation techniques, developmentally appropriate assessment strategies and providing feedback in physical activity programs. Corequisites or prerequisites: PE 401 and PEM 231 (Fall 2022)

PE 414 Biomechanics of Sport (2 SH)

Biomechanics examines quantitative and qualitative descriptions of movement through task and video analysis of human movement. This segment of the course applies fundamental kinesiology and biomechanical principles to the human musculoskeletal system. Applications for physical educators and coaches are a primary focus. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143. Non-majors and minors by instructor permission only. (Fall 2023)

PE 415 Exercise Physiology of Sport (3 SH)

This course focuses on the discipline of exercise physiology and explores the effects of physical activity on physiological processes and the effects of various physiological states on performance. This segment of the course explores the acute responses and chronic adaptations of the body to the stresses of exercise. Applications for physical educators and coaches are a primary focus. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143. Non-majors and minors by instructor permission only. (Spring 2023) Core: WI

PE 416 Fitness Administration and Assessment (2 SH)

This class promotes familiarity and proficiency with methods and instrumentation in administering and assessing individual fitness and establishing a base for developing exercise prescriptions and other lifestyle alternatives to improve health and fitness. This class includes advanced study in administration of prescribing and assessing of the acute and chronic adaptations of the body to the stresses and health benefits of exercise students encounter. An application of theories and practices that will prepare them for an accredited health and fitness certification. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 or BIOL 437, BIOL 122 or BIOL 447, PEM 143, PE 414, PE 415.

PEG 110 Aerobic Cross-Training (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities to improve cardiovascular endurance through a planned program of various aerobic activities, knowledge of benefits of cross training, and the enjoyment of participation.  An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 111 Backcountry Travel (1 SH)

The activity of backpacking will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. Students will also master specific campcraft and outdoor living skills for recreational camping, camp counseling, and school outdoor education situations. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 112 Bowling (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of bowling, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 113 Canoeing (1 SH)

The activity of canoeing will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 114 Cycling (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for cycling skills improvement, knowledge of the commuter cycling movement, to learn and practice basic bike maintenance skills, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation.

PEG 115 Fitness, Conditioning, and Weight Training (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide opportunities for skills improvement, knowledge of the activity, fitness improvement and the enjoyment of participation. The course experience is divided between cardiorespiratory endurance and strength training aspects of physical fitness. Registration priority is given to students whose programs require this course.

PEG 116 Golf (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide beginning golf instruction and skill improvement, knowledge of golf rules and etiquette, fitness improvement, and enjoyment of participation. Varsity golfers by permission of instructor only. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 117 Jogging/Walking (1 SH)

This course is designed to provide an introduction to the understanding of the benefits of engaging in regular physical activity. Students will participate in activities that foster the development of cardiovascular endurance, cardiovascular fitness and flexibility through a planned jogging/walking program. Varsity athletes by permission of instructor only.

PEG 118 Lifeguarding (1 SH)

Upon successful completion of the requirements of the course, students will obtain an American Red Cross Lifeguarding, CPR for the Professional Rescuer, and AED Essentials certification. Prerequisites: Students should be comfortable and competent in their swimming ability. A skill pre-assessment is required. An additional fee will be charged.

PEG 119 Cave Exploration (1 SH)

The activity of cave exploration will provide for knowledge acquisition, skill development, fitness improvement, and the enjoyment of participation. Students will be exposed to caving as a personal recreational pursuit, particularly indigenous to Virginia's Shenandoah Valley and nearby West Virginia. An additional fee will be charged.

PHIL 201 Introduction to Philosophy (3 SH)

This course introduces students to key figures in the Western philosophical tradition and to the major questions with which those figures wrestled. Students read a variety of classic philosophical texts paying particular attention to problems of knowledge and skepticism, mind and world, ethics and politics. Core: CW

PXD 335 Understanding Violent Conflict (3 SH)

This course provides an overview of explanations of violence at the personal, group, societal and national levels. Causes of violence are context-specific, multi-causal, multi-dimensional and may result from a variety of political and social, socioeconomic, and resource and environmental factors. The relationship between violence and social change will be explored. There will be special focus on explanations of war, terrorism, gun violence, and identity- based violence (gender-based, hate crimes, etc.). (Fall 2023)

PXD 345 Peacebuilding Theory and Action (3 SH)

The course will explore the theoretical bases for peacebuilding analysis and action. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the field, this course will draw on a number of theoretical streams to understand the assumptions that guide peace practitioners in action and reflection on their peacebuilding efforts. Prerequisite: PXD 225 or permission of instructor.

PXD 435 Global Challenges, Local Struggles and Transnational Solidarities (3 SH)

This course focuses on social and global processes of transformation, local experiences and expressions, and transnational solidarities that emerge in response to these challenges. It will be concerned with institutions, relations of power, and the relationship between power and the production of justice and peacebuilding theories and practices. It will add to students’ comprehensive overview of justice and peacebuilding practice and its multi-disciplinary, multilevel aspects. Accelerated program students only. (PAX 635)

PXD 499 Independent Study (1-4 SH)