Appendix K - REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS, MUTAGENS, TERATOGENS
- Reproductive Toxins/Mutagens
Mutagens are chemical and physical agents that induce mutations in DNA and in living cells. They affect the genetic system in such a way as to cause cancer or hereditary changes in chromosomes. Individuals exposed to chemicals with mutagenic properties may develop genetic damage to the extent that future offspring will be affected.
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- Examples of mutagens:
Arsenic
Ethidium Bromide
Ionizing Radiation (gamma, x-rays)
Alkylating agents (i.e., dimethyl sulfate)
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- Storage and Handling
Before working with suspected or known mutagenic compounds, obtain health hazard information for each compound; the SDS is a recognized source. In addition, compile spill cleanup emergency procedures for your laboratory. For more information, call the CHO (x4420).
- Embryotoxins
Females of child bearing age should handle embryotoxins such as organomercurials, lead compounds or formamide, only in a hood with gloves. Store these substances in adequately ventilated areas in properly labeled, unbreakable containers whenever possible.
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- Teratogens
Teratogens are chemical and physical agents that interfere with normal embryonic development. Teratogens differ from mutagens in that there must be a developing fetus. Damage to the fetus (embryo) is most likely to occur early in pregnancy, during the first 8-10 weeks. Teratogens may produce congenital malformations or death of the fetus without inducing damage to the pregnant woman.
2. Examples of materials thought to be teratogens are:
Antimony
Carbon disulfide
Ethylene thiourea
Polychlorinated biphenols (PCBs)
Nitrous oxide
Lead and mercury compounds
Ethylene dibromide
Ionizing radiation
3. Storage and Handling
Before working with suspected or known teratogenic compounds, obtain health hazard information for each compound. In addition, compile spill cleanup emergency procedures for your laboratory. For more information, call the CHO (x4420).